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1
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 67:282-289
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Washington, Alcohol Drinking, Culture, Football, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Context (language use), Social Environment, Suicide prevention, Article, Social Facilitation, Reference Values, Injury prevention, Civil Rights, Humans, Students, Ceremonial Behavior, General Psychology, Social perception, Alcoholic Beverages, Age Factors, humanities, Tailgating, Pregaming, Set, Psychology, Normative, Female, Psychology, Alcoholic Intoxication, Social psychology
الوصف: OBJECTIVE: Negative alcohol-related consequences often occur during specific events and in specific contexts (e.g., 21st birthday celebrations and tailgating [pregaming] parties). A lack of available event- and context-specific interventions suggests the need to better understand factors associated with heavy drinking in these contexts, with an eye toward developing specific interventions. The purpose of this research was to lay the foundation for developing personalized normative feedback interventions for 21st birthday celebratory drinking and tailgating drinking by evaluating whether students overestimate norms in these specific contexts, as they do more generally. METHOD: Perceived descriptive norms and alcohol consumption were assessed at event- and context-specific levels in two studies. Study 1 included 119 students turning 21 years old who reported their 21st birthday drinking behavior and estimated the typical number of drinks consumed by students celebrating their 21st birthday. Study 2 included 140 undergraduates drawn from a stratified random sample who reported their behavior regarding drinking and tailgating and their perceived norms for typical drinking and tailgating behavior. RESULTS: Results from Study 1 revealed that students overestimated peer drinking during 21 st birthday celebrations, and this overestimation was associated with heavier drinking on one's own 21st birthday. In Study 2, students underestimated the percentage of tailgaters who drank but overestimated typical consumption. Overestimation was consistently associated with heavier drinking during tailgating. CONCLUSIONS: Successful correction of general normative misperceptions has been shown to reduce drinking in other research. Documentation of normative misperceptions for specific events and contexts provided by these results represents an important step in developing event- and context-specific interventions utilizing specific normative feedback.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::cab9d0baefc3c73c44a6350206b4866c
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2006.67.282 -
2
المؤلفون: Tom F. M. ter Bogt, Emmanuelle Godeau, Holger Schmid, Anastasios Fotiou, Anne Hublet, Sónia Dias
المساهمون: ASCoR (FMG)
المصدر: Scopus-Elsevier
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64(5), 650-661. Journal of Studies on Alcohol Inc.
CIÊNCIAVITAEمصطلحات موضوعية: Cross-Cultural Comparison, Male, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Alcohol intoxication, Environmental health, Injury prevention, Humans, Medicine, Students, General Psychology, Models, Statistical, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Incidence, Public health, Human factors and ergonomics, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, Mental health, Alcoholism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, business, Alcoholic Intoxication
الوصف: International studies show a rise in drunkenness among young people in recent years. In this study the number of drunkenness occasions among 15-year old students in 22 countries is reported. The cross-national association between drunkenness, on the one hand, and the frequency of alcohol intake and the preference for distilled spirits, on the other, is described. Variation between countries is examined on the basis of national characteristics, including national prevention policies.Data on alcohol use were taken from the 1998 World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative, cross-national survey on Health Behaviour of School-Aged Children. The multinational representative sample consisted of 10,951 male and 11,451 female (drinking) students. County characteristics were derived from the WHO Global Alcohol Database. Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model was used to analyze the effects of country characteristics on individual drunkenness.The lifetime prevalence of drunkenness was 57.1% for males and 50.4% for females. The number of drunkenness occasions showed a significant variation in the 22 countries. The correlation between drunkenness and preference for distilled spirits was positive in 21 countries and strong (Spearman's p0.40) in some eastern countries. Geographic location turned out to be an important country-level association with drunkenness and its predictors. Southern European countries showed moderate associations, whereas strong associations were found in Scandinavia, the Baltic countries and Russia.Cultural differences in alcohol use exist, and frequency of alcohol intake and use of spirits influence drunkenness. Despite the potential influence of preventive policy measures on drunkenness, no preventive effect of the measures included in this study was found.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2b3ab8079275b0bfe18a45ec12d36653
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2003.64.650 -
3
المؤلفون: X. Xie, Reginald G. Smart, Robert E. Mann
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 61:499-506
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Canada, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcoholic liver disease, Cirrhosis, Alcohol Drinking, Economics, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Alcohol, chemistry.chemical_compound, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Least-Squares Analysis, General Psychology, Alcoholics Anonymous, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Mortality rate, Age Factors, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Legal drinking age, Models, Economic, Socioeconomic Factors, chemistry, Regression Analysis, business
الوصف: The objective of this article is to investigate direct and indirect relationships between prevention measures and alcoholic liver cirrhosis mortality in Canadian provinces from 1968 to 1986.The data base that was assembled included alcoholic cirrhosis mortality rates, alcohol availability measures (rate of licensed premises, year in which the legal drinking age was reduced), per capita consumption of alcohol, rates of AA members and groups, and economic and demographic measures. This article develops a two-equation analytic model based on the availability theory of alcohol problems and prevention (Single, 1988). The distinction between direct and indirect effects of prevention measures can be made explicitly with this model.Alcohol availability measures, but not AA measures, had a significant direct potential impact on alcohol consumption. AA measures had a significant direct relationship to cirrhosis mortality rates. Alcohol consumption also had a significant direct relationship to cirrhosis mortality, and alcohol availability measures had an important indirect relationship through their influence on per capita alcohol consumption.While these observations need to be interpreted cautiously, the two-equation model shows promise as an approach to understanding direct and indirect influences on alcohol problems. As expected, AA measures and per capita alcohol consumption demonstrated significant direct relationship to cirrhosis mortality. In addition, important indirect influences of drinking-age changes and rates of licensed premises on cirrhosis mortality were observed through their relationships to per capita alcohol consumption.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::59b0ffc180fb82406fd17659a7133a82
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2000.61.499 -
4
المؤلفون: Cheryl L. Perry, David M. Murray, Jean L. Forster, Rhonda J Jones-Webb, Mark Wolfson, John P. Gehan, Alexander C. Wagenaar, Traci L. Toomey
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 61:85-94
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Program evaluation, Gerontology, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Community Networks, Suicide prevention, Cohort Studies, Environmental health, Intervention (counseling), Injury prevention, Humans, Medicine, General Psychology, Community organizing, Models, Statistical, business.industry, Random assignment, Alcoholic Beverages, Data Collection, Age Factors, Legal drinking age, Regression Analysis, Female, business
الوصف: Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA) was a randomized 15-community trial of a community organizing intervention designed to reduce the accessibility of alcoholic beverages to youths under the legal drinking age.Data were collected at baseline before random assignment of communities to intervention or control condition, and again at follow-up after a 2.5-year intervention. Data collection included in-school surveys of twelfth graders, telephone surveys of 18- to 20-year-olds and alcohol merchants, and direct testing of the propensity of alcohol outlets to sell to young buyers. Analyses were based on mixed-model regression, used the community as the unit of assignment, took into account the nesting of individual respondents or alcohol outlets within each community, and controlled for relevant covariates.Results show that the CMCA intervention significantly and favorably affected both the behavior of 18- to 20-year-olds (effect size = 0.76, p.01) and the practices of on-sale alcohol establishments (effect size = 1.18, p.05), may have favorably affected the practices of off-sale alcohol establishments (effect size = 0.32, p = .08), but had little effect on younger adolescents. Alcohol merchants appear to have increased age-identification checking and reduced propensity to sell to minors. Eighteen- to 20-year-olds reduced their propensity to provide alcohol to other teens and were less likely to try to buy alcohol, drink in a bar or consume alcohol.Community organizing is a useful intervention approach for mobilizing communities for institutional and policy change to improve the health of the population.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b39cc8175babca45084c6c3e41bc4387
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2000.61.85 -
5
المؤلفون: Ole‐Jørgen Skog
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 61:95-100
مصطلحات موضوعية: Sweden, Engineering, Matching (statistics), Models, Statistical, Alcohol Drinking, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Data Collection, Control (management), Commerce, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Advertising, Random Allocation, Order (business), Self-service, Humans, Regression Analysis, Over-the-counter, business, Monopoly, General Psychology, Consumer behaviour
الوصف: To evaluate if a change from over-the-counter to self-service sales of alcoholic beverages in monopoly outlets has an impact on the sales volume.Fourteen Swedish towns were selected, each having only one state-run monopoly shop selling alcoholic beverages. Seven pairs were formed by matching towns in terms of demographic and economic criteria, and according to sales of alcoholic beverages. Within each pair, one town continued with the traditional over-the-counter sales, while the other switched to self-service sales of beer, wine and spirits. This was decided by randomization. The effect of switching to self-service was evaluated by comparing monthly sales volume of experimental and control towns over an extended period of time. In order to evaluate changes due to transfer of customers from neighboring towns, the sales statistics in these towns were analyzed. In two towns, this transfer was also evaluated with the aid of customer surveys before and after the change.It was found that the change produced an increase in sales volume of 17%. The increase was permanent. Approximately one half of the increase could be explained by an inflow of new customers from neighboring towns.The self-service shops became quite popular among the customers, and sales volume increased substantially. About one half of the increase appears to be due to new customers from neighboring towns. The remaining increase may be due to increased consumption by the local residents. Thus, the results seem to confirm the hypothesis that the physical availability of alcoholic beverages may affect consumption levels.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1f9e2c1bac845a760fb4ed594f27950b
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2000.61.95 -
6
المؤلفون: Genevieve M. Ames, Joel W. Grube
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 60:383-393
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Analysis of Variance, Engineering, Alcohol Drinking, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Medicine (miscellaneous), Human factors and ergonomics, Poison control, Models, Psychological, Models, Theoretical, Health Surveys, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Key informants, Environmental health, Injury prevention, Forensic engineering, Humans, Survey data collection, Female, Workplace, business, Alcohol availability, General Psychology
الوصف: This article investigates the relationship between subjective social and physical availability of alcohol at work and work-related drinking.We integrated survey and ethnographic methods to determine if and why physical and social availability of alcohol predicted work-related drinking in a manufacturing plant with approximately 6,000 employees. Survey data were obtained from in-home interviews with 984 randomly selected workers. Respondents were asked about their overall and work-related drinking, their perceptions of the ease of obtaining or consuming alcohol in the plant, the work-related drinking of others and their approval/disapproval of work-related drinking by co-workers. Ethnographic data were obtained from 3 years of periodic onsite observations and semistructured interviews with key informants to investigate factors underlying alcohol availability and drinking at work.Structural equations modeling of the survey data revealed that subjective social availability of alcohol at work, and particularly perceived drinking by friends and co-workers, was the strongest predictor of work-related drinking. Typical frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption and heavy drinking were predictive also. Subjective physical availability of alcohol was not significantly related to drinking at or before work. Findings from the ethnographic analyses explained survey findings and described characteristics of the work culture that served to encourage and support alcohol availability and drinking.These results are the first to show significant relationships between alcohol availability and drinking at work, to explain dynamics of that relationship and to demonstrate the potential risks of using only quantitative or only qualitative findings as the basis for prevention.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::3d69c60e70bc16a1bd1164b93fda8846
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1999.60.383 -
7
المؤلفون: Stephen Hansell, H Raskin White, F Molaparast Vali
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 60:209-218
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Health Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Models, Psychological, Suicide prevention, Sampling Studies, Occupational safety and health, Sex Factors, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Psychiatry, General Psychology, Likelihood Functions, New Jersey, Alcoholic Beverages, Age Factors, Human factors and ergonomics, Mental health, Adolescent Behavior, Anxiety, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Stress, Psychological, Follow-Up Studies
الوصف: This study investigated the longitudinal inter-relationships among the consumption of specific alcoholic beverages (beer, wine and distilled spirits), physical symptoms and psychological distress. Two causal processes were examined for each type of beverage: (1) the use of alcohol to cope with pre-existing psychological distress and physical symptoms; (2) the impairment effects of alcohol on subsequent physical and mental health.Data were collected at three points in time (baseline, 3-year follow-up, 6-year follow-up) from a household sample of 1,270 youths who were ages 12, 15 and 18 at the baseline interview.Consumption of all three beverages increased through early adolescence and leveled off at ages 18 and 21, and males reported more beer use than females. Structural equation models showed that the use of all three alcoholic beverages contributed significantly to longitudinal increases in physical symptoms, but not to changes in psychological distress. In contrast, no evidence supported the coping hypothesis. Finally, there were no significant interaction effects involving beverage type, gender or age on physical symptoms.The results suggested that the physical impairment process operated similarly for beer, wine and distilled spirits, for males and females, and for adolescents of different ages.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c649926ce72bad209c4594b0a2f4195a
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1999.60.209 -
8
المؤلفون: James Shanahan, Carole A. Bisogni, Alan D. Mathios, Rosemary J. Avery
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 59:305-310
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, media_common.quotation_subject, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Suicide prevention, Developmental psychology, Social Desirability, Injury prevention, Forensic engineering, Humans, Personality, Big Five personality traits, General Psychology, media_common, Mass media, Social Identification, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Human factors and ergonomics, Prime time, Public Opinion, Female, Television, Psychology, business
الوصف: The research in this article is designed to improve our understanding of alcohol messages embedded in prime-time television, especially when adolescent characters are shown portraying or consuming alcohol.Manifest and latent content analyses are used to assess the frequency of alcohol portrayal in prime-time television and the personality traits (powerful, admirable, smart) of characters shown consuming or portraying alcohol on prime-time television. The sample includes 224 hours of programming across 276 programs on four major networks.Alcoholic beverages were the most frequently portrayed food or drink. The prominence of alcohol in prime-time television applies to all characters, including adolescents. The proportion of all food and drink incidents accounted for by alcohol equaled .14 for male and .20 for female adolescent television characters. Moreover, when adolescent characters are involved with alcohol incidents, they are more likely to be shown consuming this alcohol than are adults. A significant finding was that adolescents portraying alcohol in programming were shown to have significantly more negative personality characteristics than did characters in older age groups.Compared with other studies, this study finds higher rates of alcohol portrayal by adolescents on prime-time television. The negative character portrayal of adolescents involved with alcohol is encouraging. However, adult and high-income characters involved with alcohol, who might serve as role models for younger adults are, on average, shown with positive personality characteristics.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::df90f2012a0ddb226804e040b2152d8e
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1998.59.305 -
9
المؤلفون: Deborah A. Dawson
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 59:191-197
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Percentile, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Alcohol, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sex Factors, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, National Health Interview Survey, Longitudinal Studies, General Psychology, Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Consumption (economics), Volume of distribution, Ethanol, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Incidence, Environmental engineering, Middle Aged, Reference Standards, United States, Alcoholism, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, Volume (thermodynamics), Female, business
الوصف: Eight different approaches to measuring alcohol consumption were compared in terms of average daily volume of ethanol intake, selected percentiles of the volume distribution, the proportion of drinkers exceeding a volume-based cutpoint for moderate drinking and the estimated association between volume of intake and alcohol use disorders.Data were drawn from the 1988 National Health Interview Survey and the 1992 National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. The eight approaches compared overall and beverage-specific questions, reference periods of varying lengths, and measures based solely on usual intake with those that incorporated different aspects of atypical heavy drinking.Average daily ethanol intake ranged from 0.43 oz based on two questions on current usual frequency and quantity of drinking (assuming 0.5 oz of ethanol per drink) to 0.72 oz based on 21 questions that included usual and heaviest consumption of beer, wine and distilled spirits in the year preceding interview.Estimated volume was highly sensitive to the number and types of questions upon which it was based, and changes in formulation that resulted in relatively small increases in mean volume often were associated with much larger increases in the proportion of drinkers exceeding some specified level of intake and in the estimated association between consumption and alcohol use disorders. These issues should be considered when deciding on the consumption items to be included in alcohol surveys.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::cf8802a055cc40f618d41f5e0c7bb57c
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1998.59.191 -
10
المؤلفون: T Rijken, R Dijkstra, JP Velema
المساهمون: Public Health, University of Groningen
المصدر: Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 59, 146-151. Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.
Journal of studies on alcohol, 59(2), 146-151مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Rural Population, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Cross-sectional study, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Tanzania, Sex Factors, Environmental health, Injury prevention, Humans, Medicine, education, Developing Countries, General Psychology, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Alcoholic Beverages, Incidence, Public health, Incidence (epidemiology), Age Factors, biology.organism_classification, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Cluster sampling, business
الوصف: Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption in four villages on the southern shores of Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Method: Study participants were 148 men and 162 women selected by cluster sampling from the population (N = 9,243) of four villages in Misungwi subdistrict, Mwanza region, Tanzania. Interviews on self-reported alcohol consumption were conducted at the participants' home in Kiswahili using a standardized questionnaire. Results: Fifty-five percent of the men and 33% of the women had consumed alcohol at least once during the year prior to the interview; 24% of the men and 6% of the women had consumed alcohol on six or more occasions during the past month. The quantity of alcohol consumed at the last sitting and in the month prior to the interview was twice as high among male compared to female respondents. The frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption per month increased with age for men but not for women. The large majority of respondents consumed locally produced alcoholic beverages. Con elusions: Alcohol consumption in this area was low compared to estimates from other parts of Tanzania and national data. Drinking patterns suggested that traditional rules and regulations concerning alcohol were still adhered to.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::643d45c1067eed138b26b7b930dff66d
https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1998.59.146
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