المؤلفون: Ying, Gelan, Perez-Lao, Ambar, Marsiske, Michael, Levy, Shellie-Anne, Smith, Glenn E.

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2024, p01-22, 22p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DEMENTIA prevention, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, MILD cognitive impairment, RESEARCH funding, EXECUTIVE function, TREATMENT effectiveness, META-analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, COMBINED modality therapy, MEDICAL databases, MEMORY, COGNITIVE therapy, AFFECT (Psychology), ONLINE information services, CONFIDENCE intervals, VISUAL perception, SPACE perception, SEMANTICS, DATA analysis software, BEHAVIOR therapy, COGNITION, PUBLICATION bias

مستخلص: Background: Research has increasingly suggested a benefit to combining multiple cognitive or behavioral strategies in a single treatment program for cognitively impaired older adults. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize results on the effects of multimodal cognitive and behavioral interventions versus control conditions on changes in cognition and mood in patients with mild cognitive impairment (pwMCI). Methods: The review followed a general PRISMA guideline for systematic literature review with a format consisting of participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes (PICO). Multilevel meta-analyses of aggregated efficacy were performed to assess the pooled effect sizes for cognitive and mood outcomes. Risk-of-bias, heterogeneity across studies, and publication bias were assessed for each outcome. Results: After primary and reference searches, 18 studies with low or some concerns of risk of bias were included. Low heterogeneity was found for mood and cognition. Funnel plots did not indicate publication bias. All the studies assessed changes in cognition (n = 1,555) while seven studies with mood outcomes (n = 343) were included. Multilevel meta-analyses demonstrated moderate effect (Hedge's g = 0.44, 95% CI = [0.21-0.67]) in cognitive outcomes and large effect in mood (g = 0.65, 95% CI = [0.37-0.93]). Subdomain analyses found low-moderate effects in global cognition, verbal and non-verbal memory, executive function, visuospatial abilities, and semantic fluency (0.20 < g < 0.50). Conclusion: These findings showed comparable to larger effects of multimodal cognitive and behavioral interventions on cognition than pharmacological treatment. Future studies should focus on the longitudinal effects of multimodal interventions in delaying dementia. Systematic review registration: PROSEPRO, CRD42022349297. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Yulu Liu, Guangyu Lu, Lin Liu, Yuhang He, Weijuan Gong

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2024, p1-16, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DEMENTIA risk factors, DIAGNOSIS of dementia, RISK assessment, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, COGNITIVE testing, ALZHEIMER'S disease, RESEARCH methodology evaluation, QUESTIONNAIRES, META-analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, LONGITUDINAL method, ONLINE information services, CONFIDENCE intervals, INTERPERSONAL relations, QUALITY assurance, HUMAN life cycle, PUBLICATION bias, DEMENTIA patients

مستخلص: Background: The number of people with dementia is soaring. Cognitive reserve has been thought to be associated with dementia risk. It is not clear at which period in the life course and which cognitive reserve proxies contribute to the reduced risk of dementia. Methods: By scanning four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and MEDLINE) up to Jun 3, 2023, longitudinal studies of life-course cognitive reserve and risk of dementia were found. The HRs and 95% CIs for each study were summarized using random effects models. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Utilizing funnel plots, Begg and Egger tests, publication bias was investigated. Results: A total of 27 studies were included, containing 10 in early-life, 10 in middle-life, and 13 in late-life. All studies used validated questionnaires to measure cognitive reserve, and dementia diagnosis followed recognized worldwide guidelines. All included studies were of medium or low risk. Cognitive reserve in early-life (Hazard ratio (HR): 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79-0.86), middle-life (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84-0.98) and late-life (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75-0.88) all have protective effects on dementia risk. Multiple sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Conclusion: Dementia risk is reduced by the buildup of cognitive reserves during life-course. Accumulation of proxies for cognitive reserve in early and late life had the greatest effect on dementia risk reduction. Social connection may be an effective approach to lower dementia risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Huanying Yang, Xiangfu Wang, Xuetao Wang, Jianxia Yang, Wanqian Zhang, Yanfang Ding, Tingrui Sang, Weiguo Chen, Wanhong Wan

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2023, p1-19, 19p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LUMBAR pain, MINDFULNESS, ONLINE information services, MEDICAL databases, PUBLICATION bias, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, PAIN, CONFIDENCE intervals, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MENTAL health, HEALTH status indicators, QUALITY assurance, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, MIND & body therapies, MEDLINE

مستخلص: Background/objectives: Although mindfulness-based mind-body therapy (MBMBT) is an effective non-surgical treatment for patients with non-specific low back pain (NLBP), the best MBMBT mode of treatment for NLBP patients has not been identified. Therefore, a network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare the effects of different MBMBTs in the treatment of NLBP patients. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) applying MBMBT for the treatment of NLBP patients, with all of the searches ranging from the time of database creation to January 2023. After 2 researchers independently screened the literature, extracted information, and evaluated the risks of biases in the included studies, the data were analyzed by using Stata 16.0 software. Results: A total of 46 RCTs were included, including 3,886 NLBP patients and 9 MBMBT (Yoga, Ayurvedic Massage, Pilates, Craniosacral Therapy, Meditation, Meditation + Yoga, Qigong, Tai Chi, and Dance). The results of the NMA showed that Craniosacral Therapy [surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA): 99.2 and 99.5%] ranked the highest in terms of improving pain and disability, followed by Other Manipulations (SUCRA: 80.6 and 90.8%) and Pilates (SUCRA: 54.5 and 71.2%). In terms of improving physical health, Craniosacral Therapy (SUCRA: 100%) ranked the highest, followed by Pilates (SUCRA: 72.3%) and Meditation (SUCRA: 55.9%). In terms of improving mental health, Craniosacral Therapy (SUCRA: 100%) ranked the highest, followed by Meditation (SUCRA: 70.7%) and Pilates (SUCRA: 63.2%). However, in terms of improving pain, physical health, and mental health, Usual Care (SUCRA: 7.0, 14.2, and 11.8%, respectively) ranked lowest. Moreover, in terms of improving disability, Dance (SUCRA: 11.3%) ranked lowest. Conclusion: This NMA shows that Craniosacral Therapy may be the most effective MBMBT in treating NLBP patients and deserves to be promoted for clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Hongdi Du, Lin Bo, Xiaoxing Lai, Hongwei Zhu, Xiaopeng Huo

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2023, p1-12, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREVENTION of mental depression, TREATMENT of dementia, ONLINE information services, MEDICAL databases, PUBLICATION bias, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, CONFIDENCE intervals, PET therapy, SYSTEMATIC reviews, AGITATION (Psychology), COGNITION, ROBOTICS, QUALITY of life, QUALITY assurance, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, MEDLINE, DISEASE management

مستخلص: Objective: This network meta-analysis aimed to compare and rank the efficacy of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) and pet-robotic therapy (PRT) in the management of dementia. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Web of Science (WoS) until October 13, 2022. Traditionalmeta-analysis was first conducted based on the random-effectsmodel, then random network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relative efficacy and rank probability of AAT and PRT. Results: Nineteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this network meta-analysis. Network meta-analysis revealed that PRT marginally benefited agitation alleviation compared with control (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.37, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -0.72 to -0.01) although both AAT and PRT did not improve cognitive function, reduce depression, and improve Quality of Life (QoL). The SUCRA probabilities indicated that PRT ranked better than AAT in agitation, cognitive function, and QoL, although there were no differences between the two therapies. Conclusion: The present network meta-analysis reveals that PRT may help alleviate agitated behaviors in people with dementia. However, future studies are warranted to establish evidence of the effectiveness of PRT and further evaluate the differences between different robot types in managing dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Xuanlin Li, Lin Huang, Yujun Tang, Xuanming Hu, Chengping Wen

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2023, p1-10, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ALZHEIMER'S disease risk factors, VASCULAR dementia, ONLINE information services, MEDICAL databases, PUBLICATION bias, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, CONFIDENCE intervals, SYSTEMATIC reviews, REGRESSION analysis, RISK assessment, DEMENTIA patients, COMPARATIVE studies, DRUGS, RESEARCH funding, MEDLINE, PATIENT compliance, DATA analysis software, GOUT, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research, DISEASE risk factors, DISEASE complications, EVALUATION

مستخلص: Objectives: The association between gout and dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), or vascular dementia (VD) is not fully understood. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD in gout patients with or without medication. Methods: Data sources were PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and reference lists of included studies. This meta-analysis included cohort studies assessing whether the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD was associated with gout. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to access the overall certainty of evidence. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random-effects model, and publication bias was assessed with funnel plots and Egger's test. Results: A total of six cohort studies involving 2,349,605 individuals were included in this meta-analysis, which were published between 2015 and 2022. The pooling analysis shows that the risk of all-cause dementia was decreased in gout patients [RR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.51, 0.89), I² = 99%, P = 0.005, very low quality], especially in gout patients with medication [RR = 0.50, 95% CI (0.31, 0.79), I² = 93%, P = 0.003, low quality]. The risk of AD [RR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.63, 0.79), I² = 57.2%, P = 0.000, very low quality] and VD [RR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.49, 0.95), I² = 91.2%, P = 0.025, very low quality] was also decreased in gout patients. Despite the large heterogeneity, the sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust, and there was little evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: The risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD is decreased in gout patients, but the quality of evidence is generally low. More studies are still needed to validate and explore the mechanisms of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Linlin Guo, Xinxin Yang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xinyi Xu, Yan Li

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 1/10/2023, Vol. 14, p1-17, 17p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ONLINE information services, MEDICAL databases, PUBLICATION bias, ALZHEIMER'S disease, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, CONFIDENCE intervals, ANIMAL experimentation, SYSTEMATIC reviews, EXERCISE physiology, COGNITION, NEUROPLASTICITY, QUALITY assurance, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, MEDLINE, DATA analysis software

مستخلص: Introduction: Cognitive decline is a central manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its process is inseparable from changes in synaptic plasticity. The aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of exercise on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models. Materials and methods: Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from April to May 2022. The risk of bias was evaluated by Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). The Morris water maze (MWM) test and synaptic plasticity were considered outcome measures. Data were analyzed using random-effects meta-analyses using the software Stata. Heterogeneity was examined by using I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed. Results: A total of 20 randomized controlled studies were eligible for study inclusion. Compared with controls, exercise decreased escape latency (SMD = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.50, P < 0.001), increased platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.57-2.11, P = 0.001) and time in the target quadrant (SMD = 1.65, 95% CI: 0.95-2.36, P < 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.25-1.21, P = 0.003) in AD animals. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that exercise before AD had a greater effect on escape latency (SMD = -0.88, 95% CI: -1.25 to -0.52, P < 0.001), platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23-2.18, P < 0.001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.19-2.87, P < 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.19-1.69, P = 0.014) than exercise after AD. The results of the subgroup analysis also showed that treadmill running might be an appropriate exercise type. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that exercise had a potential effect on improving cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. It can play a better neuroprotective role before AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Cong-wen Yang, Ru-dong Chen, Meng-ting Feng, Meng-zhen Zhang, Wei Liu, Xu-chang Liu, Da-chuan Wang

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 11/8/2022, Vol. 14, p1-9, 9p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DRUG analysis, THERAPEUTIC use of capsaicin, ONLINE information services, MEDICAL databases, PUBLICATION bias, RELATIVE medical risk, COMPUTER software, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, DEGLUTITION, CONFIDENCE intervals, SYSTEMATIC reviews, DEGLUTITION disorders, HEALTH outcome assessment, WATER, REFLEXES, NEUROTRANSMITTERS, STROKE patients, CHI-squared test, MEDLINE, RESEARCH bias, STATISTICAL models, PATIENT safety, OLD age

مستخلص: Objectives: Capsaicin is a specific agonist of TRPV1 (multimodal sensory receptor), which improves oropharyngeal dysphagia by increasing sensory input from the oropharynx and hypopharynx and by increasing repetitive stimulation of the cerebral cortex. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of capsaicin on swallowing disorders in stroke patients and the elderly. Method: We searched Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. We used the Mesh terms search database to screen all clinical trials that complied with the inclusion criteria. Studies were subjected to literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction to remove studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria. After literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the included study were performed. Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis were prospectively registered on PROSPERO under registration number CRD42022313958. Five high-quality randomized controlled trials were ultimately included. The results of our meta-analysis showed a more significant reduction in swallowing function score change in the capsaicin group compared to the control group [SMD = -1.30, 95% CI: (-2.35, -0.25), P = 0.01] and on the Water swallowing test the improvement was significantly higher in the capsaicin group [RR = 2.46, 95% CI: (1.73, 3.50), P < 0.0001]. Conclusions: Although the results of ourmeta-analysis showed that capsaicin improved swallowing function, most studies had an unclear bias and included few studies. More studies are needed to support this in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Liu, Jieke, Yang, Xi, Li, Yong, Xu, Hao, Ren, Jing, Zhou, Peng

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 2/16/2022, Vol. 14, p1-11, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TYPE 2 diabetes, CEREBRAL circulation, SPIN labels, MOTOR cortex, CAUDATE nucleus, ONLINE information services, PUBLICATION bias, META-analysis, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, SYSTEMATIC reviews, OCCIPITAL lobe, BASAL ganglia, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, REGRESSION analysis, AGING, MEDLINE, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics), PERFUSION, CEREBRAL cortex

مستخلص: Objective: Arterial spin labeling (ASL) studies have revealed inconsistent regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify concordant regional CBF alterations in T2DM. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to the published literatures comparing cerebral perfusion between patients with T2DM and healthy controls using ASL. The seed-based d mapping (SDM) was further used to perform quantitative meta-analysis on voxel-based literatures and to estimate the regional CBF alterations in patients with T2DM. Metaregression was performed to explore the associations between clinical characteristics and cerebral perfusion alterations. Results: A total of 13 studies with 14 reports were included in the systematic review and 7 studies with 7 reports were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. The qualitative review found widespread CBF reduction in cerebral lobes in T2DM. The meta-analysis found increased regional CBF in right supplementary motor area and decreased regional CBF in bilateral middle occipital gyrus, left caudate nucleus, right superior parietal gyrus, and left calcarine fissure/surrounding cortex in T2DM. Conclusion: The patterns of cerebral perfusion alterations, characterized by the decreased CBF in occipital and parietal lobes, might be the neuropathology of visual impairment and cognitive aging in T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Islam, Md. Mohaimenul, Poly, Tahmina Nasrin, Walther, Bruno Andreas, Yang, Hsuan-Chia, Wu, Chieh Chen, Lin, Ming-Chin, Chien, Shuo-Chen, Li, Yu-Chuan

المصدر: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience; 11/8/2019, Vol. 11, p1-15, 15p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ATRIAL fibrillation, DEMENTIA, META-analysis, PUBLICATION bias, ARRHYTHMIA, SENILE dementia

مستخلص: Background: A potential evidence from previous epidemiological studies remains conflicting findings regarding the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and dementia risk. We, therefore, carried out a meta-analysis of relevant studies to investigate the magnitude of the association between AF and dementia risk. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar for potential studies between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2018, with no restriction on the publication language. All potential studies were independently assessed by two reviewers. We only included observational studies that calculated the odds ratio (OR)/hazards ratio (HR) for dementia associated with atrial fibrillation. We first assessed the heterogeneity among study-specific HRs using the Q statistic and I ² statistic. We then used the random-effects model to obtain the overall HR and its 95% CI for all studies. We also tested and corrected for publication bias by funnel plot–based methods. The quality of each study was assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 16 studies with 2,415,356 individuals, and approximately 200,653 cases of incidence dementia were included in this study. Patients with AF had a greater risk of incidence dementia than those without AF (random-effect hazard ratio HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.23–1.51, p < 0.0001; I ² = 83.58). Funnel plot and Egger test did not reveal significant publication bias. However, limitations of the study included high heterogeneity and varying degrees of confounder adjustment across individual studies. Conclusion: This study serves as added evidence supporting the hypothesis that AF is associated with an increased risk of dementia. More studies are needed to establish whether optimal treatment of AF can reduce or mitigate the risk of dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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