المؤلفون: Liaqat A; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, McLaren Health/Michigan State University, Flint, MI 48532, USA., Mason M; Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA., Foster B; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33321, USA., Gregory G; Internal Medicine, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, AL 36303, USA., Patel A; Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA., Barlas A; Internal Medicine, Mercy Health, Rockford, IL 61114, USA., Kulkarni S; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Basso R; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Patak P; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA., Liaqat H; Internal Medicine, Wah Medical College, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan., Qureshi M; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Shehata A; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Awad Y; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Ghaly M; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Gulzar Q; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA., Doty W; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA.

المصدر: Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2023 Jun 27; Vol. 12 (13). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101606588 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2077-0383 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20770383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: The emergence of biologic agents in the treatment of bronchial asthma has a wide impact on improving quality of life, reducing morbidity, and overall health care utilization. These therapies usually work by targeting specific inflammatory pathways involving type 2 inflammation and are particularly effective in severe eosinophilic asthma. Various randomized controlled trials have shown their effectiveness by reducing exacerbation rates and decreasing required glucocorticoid dosages. One of the relatively newer agents, tezepelumab, targets thymic stromal lymphoprotein and has proven its efficacy in patients independent of asthma phenotype and serum biomarker levels. This article reviews the pathophysiologic mechanism behind biologic therapy and offers an evidence-based discussion related to the indication, benefits, and adverse effects of such therapies.

المؤلفون: Qureshi M; Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Nawabshah 67450, Pakistan., Khan S; Department of Mathematics, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan., Bantan RAR; Department of Marine Geology, Faculty of Marine Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia., Daniyal M; Department of Statistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan., Elgarhy M; The Higher Institute of Commercial Sciences, Al Mahalla Al Kubra 31951, Egypt., Marzo RR; Department of Community Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia.; Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia., Lin Y; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.

المصدر: Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2022 Nov 04; Vol. 11 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101606588 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2077-0383 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20770383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Background: Monkeypox virus is gaining attention due to its severity and spread among people. This study sheds light on the modeling and forecasting of new monkeypox cases. Knowledge about the future situation of the virus using a more accurate time series and stochastic models is required for future actions and plans to cope with the challenge.
Methods: We conduct a side-by-side comparison of the machine learning approach with the traditional time series model. The multilayer perceptron model (MLP), a machine learning technique, and the Box-Jenkins methodology, also known as the ARIMA model, are used for classical modeling. Both methods are applied to the Monkeypox cumulative data set and compared using different model selection criteria such as root mean square error, mean square error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error.
Results: With a root mean square error of 150.78, the monkeypox series follows the ARIMA (7,1,7) model among the other potential models. Comparatively, we use the multilayer perceptron (MLP) model, which employs the sigmoid activation function and has a different number of hidden neurons in a single hidden layer. The root mean square error of the MLP model, which uses a single input and ten hidden neurons, is 54.40, significantly lower than that of the ARIMA model. The actual confirmed cases versus estimated or fitted plots also demonstrate that the multilayer perceptron model has a better fit for the monkeypox data than the ARIMA model.
Conclusions and Recommendation: When it comes to predicting monkeypox, the machine learning method outperforms the traditional time series. A better match can be achieved in future studies by applying the extreme learning machine model (ELM), support vector machine (SVM), and some other methods with various activation functions. It is thus concluded that the selected data provide a real picture of the virus. If the situations remain the same, governments and other stockholders should ensure the follow-up of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) among the masses, as the trends will continue rising in the upcoming 10 days. However, governments should take some serious interventions to cope with the virus.
Limitation: In the ARIMA models selected for forecasting, we did not incorporate the effect of covariates such as the effect of net migration of monkeypox virus patients, government interventions, etc.

المؤلفون: Qureshi M; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia., Chughtai A; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia., Seale H; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.

المصدر: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) [Healthcare (Basel)] 2022 May 18; Vol. 10 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101666525 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2227-9032 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22279032 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Healthcare (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Infection prevention and control (IPC) cannot be implemented without healthcare workers (HCWs) being properly trained and competent. The provision of training is essential, yet there is a gap in our understanding of the factors impacting the implementation of IPC training. This paper reports the results from in-depth interviews that explored the current landscape around IPC training delivered across low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the key stakeholders involved in policymaking or IPC implementation in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Australia. Although the training was mandated for many HCWs, participants indicated that only some training elements were mandatory. Participants spoke about covering various topics, but those in low-resource settings spoke about the challenges of delivering training. Classroom-based training dominated, but online delivery modes were also used in some locations. Whilst HCW's training was postulated to have improved during the COVID-19 pandemic, the capacity to deliver training did not improve in some settings. More research is needed to establish the essential elements that could underpin the development of training packages.

المؤلفون: Almutairy R; Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia., Aljrarri W; Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia., Noor A; Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia., Elsamadisi P; Pharmacy Department, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Shamas N; Infection Prevention and Control Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia., Qureshi M; University of Toronto, University Health Network, Division of Nephrology, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada., Ismail S; Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia.

المصدر: Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) [Antibiotics (Basel)] 2020 Aug 06; Vol. 9 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101637404 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2079-6382 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20796382 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Antibiotics (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Colistin therapy is associated with the development of nephrotoxicity. We examined the incidence and risk factors of nephrotoxicity associated with colistin dosing. We included adult hospitalized patients who received intravenous (IV) colistin for >72 h between January 2014 and December 2015. The primary endpoint was the incidence of colistin-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). The secondary analyses were predictors of nephrotoxicity, proportions of patients inappropriately dosed with colistin according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and Garonzik formula and clinical cure rate. We enrolled 198 patients with a mean age of 55.67 ± 19.35 years, 62% were men, and 60% were infected with multidrug-resistant organisms. AKI occurred in 44.4% (95% CI: 37.4-51.7). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that daily colistin dose per body weight (kg) was associated with AKI (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.08-2.30; p = 0.02). Other significant predictors included serum albumin level, body mass index (BMI), and severity of illness. None of the patients received loading doses, however FDA-recommended dosing was achieved in 70.2% and the clinical cure rate was 13%. The incidence of colistin-associated AKI is high. Daily colistin dose, BMI, serum albumin level, and severity of illness are independent predictors of nephrotoxicity.

المؤلفون: Kamil SH; Department of Psychiatry, Austin State Hospital, Austin, TX 78751, USA. saherumair@gmail.com., Qureshi M; Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Midland, TX 79701, USA. dr.qureshi.mustafa@gmail.com., Patel RS; Department of Psychiatry, Griffin Memorial Hospital, Norman, OK 73071, USA. dr.rknpatel@gmail.com.

المصدر: Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) [Behav Sci (Basel)] 2019 Jan 29; Vol. 9 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101576826 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2076-328X (Print) Linking ISSN: 2076328X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Behav Sci (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are classified as a somatoform conversion disorder. We present a case of a 24-year-old male with a past psychiatric history of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorder, admitted to our inpatient psychiatric unit. The patient experienced multiple episodes of seizures during hospitalization. Work up was unremarkable, and PNES were suspected and later confirmed with video-electroencephalography (video-EEG). He underwent supervised withdrawal of antiepileptic medications with the initiation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which reduced the frequency of seizures. Diagnosis of PNES can present as a challenge and failure to diagnose its psychological nature can lead to a delay in the psychological intervention. CBT leads to a decrease in seizure frequency, and improvement in psychiatric symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. It is important to consider PNES in the differential diagnosis of seizures presented by psychiatric patients, as CBT is necessary for better patient outcomes.

المؤلفون: Alshamrani M; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Khalid Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia. ShamraniMA01@ngha.med.sa., Almalki A; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Section, King Khalid Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia. MalkiA02@ngha.med.sa., Qureshi M; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Section, King Khalid Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia. QureshiMA@ngha.med.sa., Yusuf O; Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. bidemiyusuf1@gmail.com., Ismail S; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Khalid Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia. esmailss@ngha.med.sa.

المصدر: Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) [Pharmacy (Basel)] 2018 Jul 25; Vol. 6 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101678532 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2226-4787 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22264787 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacy (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Polypharmacy is a common problem among hemodialysis patients. It is associated with increased hospital admissions, morbidity, mortality, Medication-Related Problems (MRPs), and expenditures. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of polypharmacy in our setting. This study aims to determine the prevalence of polypharmacy and MRPs and to assess its predictors. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the outpatient hemodialysis unit. A pharmacy resident assessed electronic prescribing records to identify MRPs and discussed therapeutic interventions to enhance effective therapeutic regimens over a three months period. Eighty-three patients were included. The median age was 63 (Interquartile range; IQR = 22), 50% were males, and the mean number of co-morbidities was 3.14 ± 1.64. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 97.6% with a 95% CI (91.6%⁻99.7%). Medication use without indication, was the highest identified MRPs at 36% (102/280), followed by subtherapeutic dosing at 23% (65/280), and overdosing at 15% (41/280). The number of comorbidities, the presence of ischemic heart disease, and respiratory diseases were the main predictors of the increased number of medications. Polypharmacy is highly prevalent among the Saudi hemodialysis population. A review of the medications prescribed by the pharmacist facilitated the identification of MRPs and provided opportunities for deprescribing to optimize medication use and to reduce polypharmacy in hemodialysis patients.