-
1
المؤلفون: Francesca Ferri, Massimo Di Giannantonio, Giulio Di Cosmo, Giovanni Martinotti, M. Corbo, Anatolia Salone, Ettore Ambrosini, Marcello Costantini
مصطلحات موضوعية: Psychosis, media_common.quotation_subject, Schizotypy, behavioral disciplines and activities, Audio-tactile perception, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, medicine, Humans, Biological Psychiatry, media_common, Multisensory temporal sensitivity, Positive symptoms, Schizophrenia, Simultaneity judgement, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Perception, Touch, Visual Perception, Time Perception, Touch Perception, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychosis proneness, Psychiatry and Mental health, Auditory stimuli, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
الوصف: According to the dimensional approach to psychosis, there is a continuum from low schizotypy to schizophrenia patients. The temporal aspect of sensory processing seems to be compromised across such continuum, as suggested by different studies separately investigating unisensory or multisensory domains. Most of these studies have so far focused primarily on the temporal processing of visual and auditory stimuli, either in schizotypy or schizophrenia, while leaving the tactile domain and the integration of touch with other senses mostly unexplored. Given the relevance of body-related perceptual abnormalities for psychosis proneness, we aimed at filling this gap in the literature across two studies. We asked participants with increasing levels of schizotypy (study 1) and schizophrenia patients (study 2) to perform three simultaneity judgement tasks: a unimodal tactile task, a unimodal auditory task and a bimodal audio-tactile task. Each task allowed estimating a simultaneity range (SR), as a proxy of the individual tolerance to asynchronies in the tactile, auditory and audio-tactile domains, respectively. Results showed larger SRs as the level of schizotypy increases. Specifically, the linear effect of schizotypy levels on the audio-tactile task was stronger than on the auditory task, which in turn was greater than the effect on the tactile task (study 1). Differently, schizophrenia patients showed larger SRs than controls in all the three tasks (study 2). The current study is the first empirical investigation across the continuum from low schizotypy to schizophrenia of the tolerance to asynchronies in the processing of external (auditory) and body-related (tactile) inputs.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c1a511ac3ef31029e0364d9cb94a9858
http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3394777 -
2
المؤلفون: David L. Penn, P. Fernández, C. Vidal, Nicole Frommann, R. Rodriguez-Jimenez, Gonzalo Martínez-Alés, Tate F. Halverson, Wolfgang Wölwer, Guillermo Lahera, A. Reboreda, V. López, A. Aznar, A. Vallespí, M. Escolar
مصطلحات موضوعية: Emotions, Social cognition and interaction training, social cognition, Affect (psychology), law.invention, rehabilitation, Cognition, Randomized controlled trial, Social cognition, law, Theory of mind, medicine, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, psychosis, Biological Psychiatry, theory of mind, training, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, medicine.disease, schizophrenia, Psychiatry and Mental health, Social Perception, facial affect recognition, Schizophrenia, Psychology, Social cognitive theory, Clinical psychology, Diagnosis of schizophrenia
الوصف: Introduction Training in Affect Recognition (TAR) is a “targeted” and computer-aided program that has been shown to effectively attenuate facial affect recognition deficits and improve social functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT) is a group “broad-based” intervention, that has also been shown to improve emotion recognition, theory of mind (ToM), and social functioning. To date, no study has compared the efficacy of two different social cognitive interventions. Objectives We aim to compare the efficacy of TAR and SCIT on schizophrenia patients’ performance on facial affect recognition, theory of mind, attributional style and social functioning before, after treatment, and three months thereafter. Methods One hundred outpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to the TAR or SCIT condition and completed pre- (T0) and posttreatment (T1) assessments and a 3-month follow up (T2) of emotion recognition (ER-40), theory of mind (Hinting Task), attributional style (AIHQ) and social functioning (PSP). Results The entire sample, receiving TAR or SCIT, showed improvements in theory of mind, attributional style, clinical symptoms and social functioning. This effect was maintained at three-months. The TAR intervention was more efficacious than the SCIT program in improving the recognition of facial emotions (ER-40). The TAR intervention also demonstrated a lower drop-out rate than the SCIT intervention. Conclusions There were improvements in social cognition, symptomatology and functioning of patients in the entire sample, receiving SCIT or TAR. Both TAR and SCIT appear as valuable treatments for people with schizophrenia and social cognitive deficits.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::60e519ef57aa55da380fa06231ef9079
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8x090/social-cognition-and-interaction-training-scit-versus-training-in-affect-recognition-tar-in-patients-with-schizophrenia-a-randomized-controlled-trial -
3
المؤلفون: Roger Borràs, Elena de la Serna, Mireia Masias, Jose C. Pariente, Olga Puig, Gisela Sugranyes, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Anna Calvo, Mireia Rosa, Inmaculada Baeza, Daniel Ilzarbe
المصدر: Dipòsit Digital de la UB
Universidad de Barcelona
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Vol 40, Iss, Pp-(2019)
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscienceمصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Theory of Mind, Neuropsychological Tests, Audiology, Adolescents, Task (project management), Resting-state, 0302 clinical medicine, Theory of mind, Task Performance and Analysis, DMN, Default Mode Network, Child, Prefrontal cortex, Cervell, Early onset psychosis, Default mode network, Original Research, Functional connectivity, 05 social sciences, lcsh:QP351-495, Brain, Female, Psychology, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, Psicosi, EOAff, early onset affective disorders, Teenagers, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, gIQ, Global Intelligence Quotient, Functional neuroimaging, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, EOSz, early onset schizophrenia, Resting state fMRI, fMRI, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychoses, medicine.disease, EOP, early onset psychosis, Cross-Sectional Studies, lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, Psychotic Disorders, Case-Control Studies, ToM, theory of mind, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: Highlights • Youth with early-onset psychosis displayed deficits in theory of mind performance. • They also showed reduced intrinsic connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex. • Differences in theory of mind were partially mediated by prefrontal connectivity. • Both measures failed to show the age-positive associations observed in controls. • Onset of psychosis in adolescence may impact development of social cognition.
Psychotic disorders are characterized by theory of mind (ToM) impairment. Although ToM undergoes maturational changes throughout adolescence, there is a lack of studies examining ToM performance and its brain functional correlates in individuals with an early onset of psychosis (EOP; onset prior to age 18), and its relationship with age. Twenty-seven individuals with EOP were compared with 41 healthy volunteers using the “Reading-the-Mind-in-the-Eyes” Test, as a measure of ToM performance. A resting-state functional MRI scan was also acquired, in which the default mode network was used to identify areas relevant to ToM processing employing independent component analysis. Group effects revealed worse ToM performance and less intrinsic functional connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex in EOP relative to healthy volunteers. Group by age interaction revealed age-positive associations in ToM task performance and in intrinsic connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex in healthy volunteers, which were not present in EOP. Differences in ToM performance were partially mediated by intrinsic functional connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex. Poorer ToM performance in EOP, coupled with less medial prefrontal cortex connectivity, could be associated with the impact of psychosis during a critical period of development of the social brain, limiting normative age-related maturation.وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::73c974794865ef0304c7089161df2c2c
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/165338 -
4
المؤلفون: Krinzinger, Helga, Hall, Charlotte L., Falissard, Bruno, Garas, Peter, Inglis, Sarah K., Kovshoff, Hanna, Kochhar, Puja, McCarthy, Suzanne, Nagy, Peter, Neubert, Antje, Roberts, Samantha, Sayal, Kapil, Groom, Madeleine J., Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J., Wong, Ian C. K., Xia, Jun, Zuddas, Alessandro, Hollis, Chris, Konrad, Kerstin, Liddle, Elizabeth B., ADDUCE Consortium, Ansari, Mohammed T., Banaschewski, Tobias, Buitelaar, Jan K., Carucci, Sara, Coghill, David, Danckaerts, Marina, Dittmann, Ralf W.
المصدر: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 107, 945-968
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 107, pp. 945-968
Neuroscience & biobehavioral reviews 107, 945-968 (2019). doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.023مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Psychosis, Time Factors, Adverse neuropsychiatric events, Tics, Cognitive Neuroscience, Anxiety, Substance use disorder, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Seizures, Suicidal ideation, mental disorders, Mood, medicine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, ADHD, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ddc:610, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Brain Diseases, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Methylphenidate, business.industry, Mental Disorders, 05 social sciences, Sleep disorders, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Substance abuse, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Bipolar, Long-term methylphenidate treatment, Central Nervous System Stimulants, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
الوصف: Neuroscience & biobehavioral reviews 107, 945-968 (2019). doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.023
Published by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]وصف الملف: application/pdf; Print-Electronic; text
-
5
المؤلفون: Hannah Dickson, Robin G. Morris, Alexis E. Cullen, Desmond Campbell, Sheilagh Hodgins, Kristin R. Laurens, Abraham Reichenberg
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Psychosis, Neuropsychological Tests, Developmental psychology, Executive Function, Memory, medicine, developmental psychopathology, Humans, risk factors, Family, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, psychosis, Child, Biological Psychiatry, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence quotient, psychotic-like experiences, Working memory, Cognition, intelligence, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cognitive remediation therapy, Schizophrenia, Female, Verbal memory, Psychology, Cognition Disorders, Developmental psychopathology, genetic liability
الوصف: Adults with schizophrenia present cognitive impairments, as do individuals at ultra-high risk for the disorder, youth with relatives with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and children with antecedents of schizophrenia. The present study aimed to determine if impairments in childhood differed depending on the definition of risk and/or on the degree of relatedness to an affected individual, and if impairments were explained by IQ. Four groups of children aged 9-12 years were studied: (1) 13 children with ≥1 first-degree or ≥2 second-degree affected relatives (high familial loading: FHx(H)); (2) 14 with ≥1 affected second-degree relative (lower familial loading: FHx(L)); (3) 32 with well-replicated antecedents of schizophrenia (ASz); and (4) 45 typically-developing (TD) children with neither a positive family history nor antecedents. Compared to TD children, both FHx(H) and ASz children exhibited significantly poorer verbal comprehension, scholastic achievement, and verbal working memory, while FHx(H) children additionally displayed significantly lower full-scale IQ, and verbal memory and executive function impairments. After adjusting statistical analyses for IQ, group differences were attenuated. Relative to TD children, FHx(L) children showed no significant differences in performance. The results imply that impairments in verbal comprehension, scholastic achievement, and verbal working memory may index vulnerability for schizophrenia among children with affected relatives with the disorder and among those with multiple antecedents of the disorder who have no affected relatives. More accurate identification of children at-risk for schizophrenia and the specific deficits that they present provides opportunities for interventions such as cognitive remediation that may impact the development of the illness.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::3e12fba5e451bc70d68c22522ab7265c
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/85v75/cognitive-impairment-among-children-at-risk-for-schizophrenia -
6
المؤلفون: Henk M. van der Ploeg, Inge Bramsen, Tjabe Smid, Anja C. Huizink, Pauline Slottje, Anke B. Witteveen
المساهمون: EMGO+ - Musculoskeletal Health, EMGO+ - Quality of Care, Developmental Psychopathology (RICDE, FMG), Faculteit der Geneeskunde, Adult Psychiatry, Medical psychology, Public and occupational health, EMGO - Musculoskeletal health, EMGO - Quality of care
المصدر: Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35, 7, pp. 1113-1118
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35, 1113-1118
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35(7), 1113-1118. Elsevier Ltd
Witteveen, A B, Huizink, A C, Slottje, P, Bramsen, I, Smid, T & van der Ploeg, H M 2010, ' Associations of cortisol with posttraumatic stress symptoms and negative life events: a study of police officers and firefighters ', Psychoneuroendocrinology, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 1113-1118 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.12.013
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35(7), 1113-1118. Elsevier
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35(7), 1113-1118. Elsevier Limitedمصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, endocrine system, Hydrocortisone, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Poison control, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Occupational safety and health, Disasters, Life Change Events, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Endocrinology, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Injury prevention, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, Saliva, Biological Psychiatry, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Police, Psychiatry and Mental health, Female, Psychology, Developmental Psychopathology, Anxiety disorder, Glucocorticoid, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Clinical psychology, medicine.drug
الوصف: Contains fulltext : 90661.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Given the inconsistent associations of cortisol with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), analysis of basal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in subjects frequently exposed to trauma and critical incidents with a range of PTSD symptomatology, may be valuable. In an epidemiological sample of 1880 police officers and firefighters, associations of salivary cortisol with PTSD, negative life events (NLE) and exposure to a major air disaster more than 8 years earlier, was explored. Probable PTSD was unrelated to cortisol level while past (>8 years earlier) and more recently experienced NLE were associated with lower cortisol levels even after adjustment for confounders. Disaster exposure interacted significantly with PTSD symptoms on cortisol level. In the disaster-exposed subgroup, PTSD symptomclusters of intrusion and hyperarousal (in particular sleep disturbances), were associated with lower and higher cortisol levels, respectively. A final model using backward elimination strategy, retained time of saliva sampling, smoking, gender, and NLE > 8 years earlier in the total sample, and additionally symptomclusters of intrusion and hyperarousal in the disaster-exposed subgroup. The final model explained 10% of the variance in cortisol. The findings are discussed in relation to literature on posttraumatic stress and basal functioning of the HPA-axis.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
إعادة تعيين المنقحات
عرض المنقحات (%%عد%%)
Full Text via ClinicalKey