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المؤلفون: Alfred M. Dockery, Paul Koshy, Ian W. Li
المصدر: British Educational Research Journal. 48:617-639
مصطلحات موضوعية: Education
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المؤلفون: Daniel B, Spielman, Andi, Liebowitz, Maeher, Grewal, Chetan, Safi, Jonathan B, Overdevest, Alfred M, Iloreta, Brett E, Youngerman, David A, Gudis
المصدر: World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 8:66-72
مصطلحات موضوعية: Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery
الوصف: Historically sinonasal malignancies were always addressed via open craniofacial surgery for an oncologic resection. Increasingly esthesioneuroblastomas are excised using an exclusively endoscopic approach, however, the rarity of this disease limits the availability of long-term and large scale outcomes data.The primary objective is to evaluate the treatment modalities used and the overall survival of patients with esthesioneuroblastoma managed with exclusively endoscopic surgery.In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, PubMed was queried to identify studies describing outcomes associated with endoscopic management of esthesioneuroblastomas.Forty-four out of 2462 articles met inclusion criteria, totaling 399 patients with esthesioneuroblastoma treated with an exclusively endoscopic approach. Seventy-two patients (18.0%) received adjuvant chemotherapy and 331 patients (83.0%) received postoperative radiation therapy. The average age was 50.6 years old (range 6-83). Of the 399 patients, 57 (16.6%) were Kadish stage A, 121 (35.2%) were Kadish stage B, 145 (42.2%) were Kadish stage C, and 21 (6.1%) were Kadish stage D. Pooled analysis demonstrated that 66.0% of patients had Hyams histologic Grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ, while 34.0% of patients had Grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ disease. Negative surgical margins were achieved in 86.9% of patients, and recurrence was identified in 10.3% of patients. Of those with 5-year follow-up, reported overall survival was 91.1%.Exclusively endoscopic surgery for esthesioneuroblastoma is performed for a wide range of disease stages and grades, and the majority of these patients are also treated with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Reported overall recurrence rate is 10.3% and 5-year survival is 91.1%.
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المؤلفون: Alfred M. Dockery, Erica Sykes
المصدر: Australian Journal of Social Issues.
مصطلحات موضوعية: Sociology and Political Science
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المؤلفون: Ian C. Elliott, Alfred M. Wu
المصدر: Public Administration and Development. 43:95-96
مصطلحات موضوعية: Public Administration, Development
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المؤلفون: Anthony Del Signore, Alfred M. Iloreta, Jonathan B. Overdevest, Rahul Sharma, David A. Gudis, Satish Govindaraj
المصدر: Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 166:1070-1077
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Oncology, Disease specific, medicine.medical_specialty, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Conditional survival, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Social determinants of health, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Paranasal sinus cancer, Socioeconomic status, business.industry, Cancer, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Otorhinolaryngology, Sinus Cancer, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Surgery, business, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms, SEER Program
الوصف: Socioeconomic status (SES) is often used to quantify social determinants of health. This study uses the National Cancer Institute SES index to examine the effect of SES on disease-specific survival and 5-year conditional disease-specific survival (CDSS; the change in life expectancy with increasing survivorship) in paranasal sinus cancer.Cross-sectional analysis.National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program.A study of adults with sinus cancer between 1973 and 2015 was performed. The Yost index, a census tract-level composite score of SES, was used to categorize patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression for disease-specific survival were stratified by SES. CDSS was calculated with simplified models. Logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors for advanced stage at diagnosis, multimodal therapy, and diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma.There were 3437 patients analyzed. In Cox models adjusting for patient-specific factors, the lowest SES tertile exhibited worse mortality (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.39;Lower SES is associated with worse outcomes in paranasal sinus cancer. Research should be devoted toward understanding factors that contribute to such disparities, including tumor pathology and treatment course.
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المؤلفون: Katie M. Phillips, Marlene M. Speth, Brentley A Lindsey, Michal Trope, Allen M. Seiden, Alfred M Sassler, Ahmad R. Sedaghat, Adam C McCann, Isabelle Gengler, Tazheh A Kavoosi
المصدر: Clinical Otolaryngology. 46:1021-1027
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Rhinology, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual Analog Scale, Visual analogue scale, Pilot Projects, Disease, Severity of Illness Index, Likert scale, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Humans, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Prospective Studies, Sinusitis, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Rhinitis, Recall, business.industry, Middle Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Chronic Disease, Mental Recall, Physical therapy, Female, Patient-reported outcome, business, Period (music)
الوصف: Objective Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) employ a variety of recall periods and response scales for reporting CRS symptom burden. CRS patient perspective is unknown with respect to recall periods and response scales in PROMs. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary rhinology clinic. Participants 63 adults with CRS. Main outcome measures Participants were asked to choose which CRS symptom recall period - one day, two weeks, one month, or greater than one month - was most reflective of their current disease state and best to base treatment recommendations (including surgery) upon. Participants were also asked to report on which of six response scales (one visual analogue scale [VAS] and five Likert scales ranging from four to eight items) was easiest to use and understand, and most preferred. Results A majority of participants felt the current state of their CRS symptoms was best reflected by a recall period of two weeks to one month; however, patients preferred that recommendations about treatments, including endoscopic sinus surgery, be determined by symptoms experienced over at least a one-month period. Participants generally found the VAS and seven-item Likert scale to be the easiest to use and understand, and their most preferred scales. No patient characteristics associated with preferences for recall periods or response scales. Conclusion Future PROMs for CRS symptoms should consider assessment of symptoms over a one-month time frame and use either a VAS or seven-item Likert response scale to optimally balance reflection of current disease state, need for intervention and patient preference.
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المؤلفون: Alfred M. Mays, Louis J. Muglia, George M. Langford
المصدر: The FASEB Journal. 36
مصطلحات موضوعية: Universities, Social Justice, Terminology as Topic, Genetics, Social Discrimination, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
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المؤلفون: David Y. Goldrich, Sean McKee, Mingyang L. Gray, Satish Govindaraj, Madeleine R. Schaberg, Anthony Del Signore, Alfred M. Iloreta
المصدر: Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 164:580-588
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Crossover, Anxiety, Nose, Virtual reality, law.invention, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Distraction, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Anxiety reduction, Office based, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy, Endoscopy, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures, Endoscopic sinus surgery, Ambulatory Surgical Procedures, Debridement, Otorhinolaryngology, Patient Satisfaction, Physical therapy, Female, Surgery, Analgesia, business
الوصف: The purpose of this study was to explore the use of immersive and interactive virtual reality (VR) for analgesia, anxiety reduction, and overall satisfaction in patients undergoing outpatient postoperative debridements.Randomized crossover-controlled trial.Academic outpatient clinic.Adult patients who had functional endoscopic sinus surgery and skull base surgery and were undergoing office-based postoperative nasal endoscopy and debridement were recruited and followed for 2 consecutive office visits. Participants were randomized to receive either the control or experimental analgesia for the first postoperative visit (PO1) and crossed over into the opposite treatment arm during the second postoperative visit (PO2). Outcomes included procedural pain, anxiety and satisfaction scores, procedural time, and reflexive head movements per minute (RHM).Eighty-two participants were recruited. At PO1, 39 received standard analgesia, and 43 received an immersive VR experience. At PO1, the VR group experienced significantly less anxiety (VR technology holds promise as a nonpharmacologic analgesic and anxiolytic intervention for otolaryngology office-based procedures. Further study of VR use in other procedures is warranted.1, randomized controlled trial.
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المؤلفون: Lamaison, Sarah, Wakerley, David, Kracke, Frauke, Moore, Thomas, Zhou, Lan, Lee, Dong Un, Wang, Lei, Hubert, McKenzie A., Aviles Acosta, Jaime E., Gregoire, John M., Duoss, Eric B., Baker, Sarah, Beck, Victor A., Spormann, Alfred M., Fontecave, Marc, Hahn, Christopher, Jaramillo, Thomas F.
الوصف: CO₂ emissions can be transformed into high-added-value commodities through CO₂ electrocatalysis; however, efficient low-cost electrocatalysts are needed for global scale-up. Inspired by other emerging technologies, the authors report the development of a gas diffusion electrode containing highly dispersed Ag sites in a low-cost Zn matrix. This catalyst shows unprecedented Ag mass activity for CO production: −614 mA cm⁻² at 0.17 mg of Ag. Subsequent electrolyte engineering demonstrates that halide anions can further improve stability and activity of the Zn–Ag catalyst, outperforming pure Ag and Au. Membrane electrode assemblies are constructed and coupled to a microbial process that converts the CO to acetate and ethanol. Combined, these concepts present pathways to design catalysts and systems for CO₂ conversion toward sought-after products.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od________38::18862f4606295bd2f564d67c4a027c17
https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211130-202117453 -
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المؤلفون: Andreas Teske, Julie A. Huber, Michael S. Rappé, Alfred M. Spormann, Victoria J. Orphan, Maeva Fincker
المصدر: Environmental Microbiology. 22:3188-3204
مصطلحات موضوعية: Genetics, Aquatic Organisms, Geologic Sediments, 0303 health sciences, biology, Phylogenetic tree, 030306 microbiology, Phylum, Chloroflexi (phylum), Microorganism, Chloroflexi, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, Chloroflexi (class), Acetogenesis, Phylogenetics, Ferredoxins, Water Microbiology, Genome, Bacterial, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Hydrogen, 030304 developmental biology
الوصف: Uncultured members of the Chloroflexi phylum are highly enriched in numerous subseafloor environments. Their metabolic potential was evaluated by reconstructing 31 Chloroflexi genomes from six different subseafloor habitats. The near ubiquitous presence of enzymes of the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, electron bifurcation, and ferredoxin‐dependent transport‐coupled phosphorylation indicated anaerobic acetogenesis was central to their catabolism. Most of the genomes simultaneously contained multiple degradation pathways for complex carbohydrates, detrital protein, aromatic compounds, and hydrogen, indicating the coupling of oxidation of chemically diverse organic substrates to ubiquitous CO₂ reduction. Such pathway combinations may confer a fitness advantage in subseafloor environments by enabling these Chloroflexi to act as primary fermenters and acetogens in one microorganism without the need for syntrophic H₂ consumption. While evidence for catabolic oxygen respiration was limited to two phylogenetic clusters, the presence of genes encoding putative reductive dehalogenases throughout the phylum expanded the phylogenetic boundary for potential organohalide respiration past the Dehalococcoidia class.
وصف الملف: application/pdf; application/vnd.ms-excel; application/x-gzip
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