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71
المؤلفون: Marie-José Foglietti, Monique Succari, François Percheron
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 187:235-241
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Alpha (ethology), Orosomucoid, Biochemistry, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Menstrual Cycle, Menstrual cycle, media_common, biology, Progestogen, Chemistry, Biochemistry (medical), Estrogens, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Estrogen, α1 acid glycoprotein, biology.protein, Gestation, Female, Progestins
الوصف: The concentration of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) was measured in sera from 23 women, 14 pregnant women, 10 women receiving estrogen-progestogen treatment and 12 men. All sera were further subjected to crossed affino-immunoelectrophoresis with addition of conA in the first dimension and alpha-methylglucopyranoside in the second dimension. The distribution of AGP into three microheterogeneity forms, which were the result of this analysis, was estimated by measuring the area under the precipitation curve. The microheterogeneity patterns of AGP in the five groups were analysed from each other. An augmentation of the non reactive form is seen in women in the first part of the cycle and in women receiving estrogen-progestogen treatment compared with the three others groups. The pattern obtained in this latter group is similar to that observed in pregnant women (34 weeks) by several authors.
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72
المؤلفون: Tytti Kärkkäinen, Fredrika Pekonen, Eeva-Marja Rutanen
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 214:73-75
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, medicine.medical_specialty, Amniotic fluid, Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cervix, Fetus, Fetal fibronectin, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Radioimmunoassay, General Medicine, Immunohistochemistry, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Membrane, Immunoassay, Vagina, biology.protein, Female, Carrier Proteins, business
الوصف: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is a major protein in amniotic fluid. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of IGFBP-1 measurement in cervical/vaginal secretions as an indicator of ruptured fetal membranes. Data were also compared with those obtained by the ROM-check Membrane Immunoassay (Adeza Biochemical, Sunnyvale, California) that is based on the detection of fetal fibronectin in vaginal fluid. In women with intact membranes and not in labor, the concentration of IGFBP-1 in specimens obtained from the cervix and immersed in 0.5 ml of assay buffer ranged from0.5 to 90 micrograms/l, whereas in specimens obtained less than 8 h after spontaneous or artificial rupture of membranes it varied between 175 and 20,000 micrograms/l, the median being 1,900 micrograms/l. The values greater than 100 micrograms/l were interpreted as containing amniotic fluid. The IGFBP-1 measurement and the ROM-check Membrane Immunoassay were carried out parallel in the vaginal swab specimens obtained from 54 pregnant women from 1 h to 1 week after the rupture. Twenty-four women had ROM confirmed from 1 h to 1 week earlier. In this group of patients, IGFBP-1 concentration100 micrograms/l had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 97% in diagnosis of ROM. The corresponding numbers for a positive ROM-check were 92% and 80%. The positive predictive value was 95% for the IGFBP-1 measurement compared to 79% for the ROM-check test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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73
المؤلفون: Zhenru Feng, Ping Liu, Cuiling Yan, Zhiyan Li, Rong Yan
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 406:182
مصطلحات موضوعية: Pregnancy, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Torch, biology, business.industry, Period (gene), Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, law.invention, Beijing, law, medicine, biology.protein, Antibody, business
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74
المؤلفون: J.A. Lowden
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 93:409-417
مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Activity ratios, Clinical Biochemistry, Early pregnancy factor, Biochemistry, Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Hexosaminidase, Beta (finance), Tay-Sachs Disease, integumentary system, biology, Chemistry, Genetic Carrier Screening, Biochemistry (medical), Sandhoff Disease, Heterozygote advantage, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Hexosaminidases, carbohydrates (lipids), Isoelectric point, Endocrinology, embryonic structures, biology.protein, Female, Isoelectric Focusing
الوصف: Serum contains several hexosaminidase forms. Two, HEX A and HEX B, migrate in both DEAE cellulose and isoelectric focussing systems like their tissue counterparts. A major group of serum hexosaminidases migrate in an intermediate position. These forms, collectively named HEX I, increase during pregnancy and obscure carrier detection for Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff's disease. Using DEAE-cellulose chromatography, HEX A, I, and B, can be clearly separated. In normals, activity ratios of A/B are 4.03 ± 1.33. During pregnancy the ratio falls slightly to 3.01 ± 1.08. In Tay-Sachs heterozygotes the ratio is only 1.08 ± 0.35 amd falls during early pregnancy to 0.53 ± 0.23. In Sandhoff heterozygotes the DEAE chromatograms appear normal with higher than normal A/B ratios but in sera, from both pregnant and nonpregnant carriers, the HEX B and HEX I forms are 50% heat labile. During pregnancy, serum can be used as a reliable source of HEX for heterozygote identification for both Sandhoff's and Tay-Sachs disease.
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75
المؤلفون: G J Beckett, J. Seth, A. D. Toft, H. A. Kellett, S M Gow, V. M. Sweeting
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 152:325-333
مصطلحات موضوعية: endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Clinical Biochemistry, Serum albumin, Thyrotropin, Reference range, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Thyroid Function Tests, Hyperthyroidism, Biochemistry, Thyroid function tests, NEFA, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Euthyroid, Serum Albumin, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Thyroid, Radioimmunoassay, General Medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Thyroxine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, biology.protein, Triiodothyronine, Gestation, Female, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
الوصف: Sensitive immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) for TSH and radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits for free thyroid hormones (fT 4 , fT 3 ) are becoming increasingly used for routine thyroid investigations. We have assessed these tests in 93 euthyroid pregnant women. Mean fT 4 and fT 3 values decreased with gestation by 24–27% and 14–35%, respectively, using several analogue RIA kits. Some patients had free hormone values which fell below the reference range derived from non-pregnant euthyroid patients. By contrast, the fT 4 concentrations measured by direct equilibrium dialysis fell by only 16% with all values within the reference range. Serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels (non-fasting) did not correlate with fT 4 and fT 3 but a spurious effect of serum albumin levels on the free hormone kits was suggested. TSH results showed that the majority of subjects had lower values measured by IRMA than by RIA. Three patients had basal TSH (IRMA) below the mean detection limit of the assay; this could have been falsely interpreted as indicating hyperthyroidism. We conclude that, as with longer established thyroid function tests, special care must be taken in interpreting results of these new thyroid function tests in pregnancy.
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76
المؤلفون: William Jubiz, Jean B. Smith, George Nolan
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 108:435-445
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hydrocortisone, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Microgram, Clinical Biochemistry, Ultrafiltration, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Biochemistry, Transcortin, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Adrenal insufficiency, Humans, Dexamethasone, Sex Characteristics, biology, business.industry, Total Cortisol, Biochemistry (medical), Estrogens, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Nomogram, medicine.disease, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Endocrinology, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Chromatography, Gel, biology.protein, Female, business, Contraceptives, Oral, medicine.drug
الوصف: The relationship between unbound and total cortisol has been studied in patients with a variety of clinical conditions. We report on a simple, rapid and reliable method for evaluating the percentage unbound cortisol in serum or plasma which can be used in conjunction with total plasma cortisol to obtain a more complete understanding of the patients' adrenal status. Comparison of a patient's percentage unbound and total cortisol with a nomogram showing the normal relationship between percentage unbound and total cortisol indicates the patient's concentration of cortisol binding globulin. The concentration of unbound cortisol, the biologically active moiety, is the product of the percentage unbound and total cortisol concentration. The following values for the unbound cortisol concentration (microgram/dl) were obtained (mean +/- S.D.). Twenty-four normal subjects, 8--10 a.m., 1.2 +/- 0.4; 14 women receiving an oral contraceptive, 1.4 +/- 0.5; 6 patients with adrenal insufficiency, 0.2 +/- 0.1; 9 hyperthyroid patients, 1.7 +/- 0.8; 5 acute ill patients, 3.8 +/- 2.4; and a patient with Cushing's syndrome, 6.1. In normal subjects the values decreased at 4 p.m. (0.4 +/- 0.1) and after dexamethasone administration (0.1 +/- 0.1), and increased following the intravenous injection of adrenocorticotropic hormone (3.6 +/- 0.7). In pregnant women the unbound cortisol increased as the pregnancy progressed, first trimester: 1.2 +/- 0.3, second trimester: 1.6 +/- 0.2, third trimester: 2.4 +/- 0.5.
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77
المؤلفون: Elvira Pistolesi, Guido Tettamanti, Silvano Agosti, Alberto B. Burlina, Alessandra Fabi, Attilia Giuliani, Emilio Rocca, Giancarlo Goi, Adriana Lombardo
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 143:253-264
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Mannosidase, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Clinical Biochemistry, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Gestational Age, Biology, Biochemistry, Pregnancy, alpha-Mannosidase, Internal medicine, Lysosome, Acetylglucosaminidase, Mannosidases, Blood plasma, medicine, Humans, Fucosidase, Glucuronidase, alpha-L-Fucosidase, chemistry.chemical_classification, beta-Glucosidase, Biochemistry (medical), Abortion, Induced, General Medicine, beta-Galactosidase, medicine.disease, Gestational diabetes, Endocrinology, Enzyme, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, alpha-Galactosidase, biology.protein, Female, Lysosomes
الوصف: The following enzymes of lysosomal origin were fluorimetrically determined in maternal plasma from the second to the ninth month of pregnancy at 1-mth intervals: β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), β- d -glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31), β- d -glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21), β- d -galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), α- d -galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), α- l -fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51) and α- d -mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.24) (pH 4.0). As reference microsomal α- d -mannosidase (pH 5.7) was also studied. Thirty-eight healthy women, aged 18–37 yr, who had a normal pregnancy followed by normal parturition, were studied. All enzymes, with the only exception of β-D-galactosidase, showed a progressive and statistically significant increase of activity throughout pregnancy. At the end of pregnancy, the increase ranged from a maximum of 5.6-fold for β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase to a minimum of 0.55-fold for α- d -mannosidase, pH 5.7. In the case of β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase , the level at the fifth month of pregnancy was significantly higher than that at the third month, and from the sixth to the ninth month each level significantly differed from that of the month immediately preceding. After interruption of pregnancy (at the third month) and after normal delivery, the plasma level of some lysosomal enzymes, particularly of β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase , sharply decreased to almost normal values. Therefore, the determination of some lysosomal enzymes, especially β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase , can be suggested as predictive of a regular course of pregnancy. Women who developed gestational diabetes displayed a marked increase of the plasma levels of some lysosomal enzymes, particularly of β- d -N- acetylglucosaminidase , without any significant change of glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1c. Thus, the plasma assay of this enzyme may constitute a valuable laboratory tool for monitoring gestational diabetes.
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78
المؤلفون: N.M. Duignan, D.R. London, B.T. Rudd
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 55:165-178
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Hirsutism, Time Factors, Clinical Biochemistry, Color Vision Defects, Biochemistry, Radioligand Assay, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Pregnancy, Eunuchism, Testosterone, Carbon Radioisotopes, Child, Amenorrhea, Transcortin, biology, Temperature, Syndrome, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Polycystic ovary, Menopause, Charcoal, Female, Protein Binding, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Globulin, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Binding, Competitive, Growth hormone deficiency, Klinefelter Syndrome, Intellectual Disability, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Aged, Binding Sites, Hypogonadism, Biochemistry (medical), Albumin, Globulins, medicine.disease, Kinetics, Endocrinology, Growth Hormone, biology.protein, Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
الوصف: A simple rapid method for the measurement of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity, using 0.2ml of serum, is described. [4- 14 C] Testosterone is used as the saturating ligand at one dose level for all samples except pregnancy sera. Albumin bound [4- 14 C] testosterone is separated from the globulins with ammonium sulphate and the labelled globulin fraction counted. Pre-treatment of sera with a charcoal suspension under defined optimum conditions removes endogenous steroids associated with the binding proteins without affecting the binding [4- 14 C] testosterone to SHBG. The method shows good reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of 4% for male and 4.7% for female serum. Association constants measured for normal male, female and pregnancy sera were 3.6 × 10 8 M −1 , 3.2 × 10 8 M −1 , and 1.7 × 10 8 M −1 at 20°, respectively. Normal males gave SHBG capacities of 5.0 ± 0.36 × 10 −8 M/1; females, 7.80 ± 1.24; prepubertal children, 7.01 ± 1.8. Women with amenorrhoea and hirsute women with polycystic ovaries had the lowest SHBG capacities of all, at 4.19 ± 0.75 and 4.06 ± 0.97 respectively. Post-menopausal women also had low levels, 5.25 ± 1.25. Five males with selective hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism had a mean value of 5.69 ± 0.84 which was significantly higher than the normal males. Two patients with Kallman's syndrome had elevated SHBG capacities. Two patients with panhypopituitarism and one patient with Klinefelter's syndrome had low SHBG capacities when compared with normal males. One patient with growth hormone deficiency had a normal SHBG capacity. Pregnancy sera had the highest capacities at 29.03 ± 3.76. No day to day variation in SHBG capacity could be demonstrated over a three day period in the sera from ten normal males.
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79
المؤلفون: Bertil Kågedal, Magnus Källberg
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 78:103-111
مصطلحات موضوعية: Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Chromatography, Affinity, Sepharose, Thyroxine-Binding Proteins, Thyroxine-binding globulin, Adsorption, Affinity chromatography, Pregnancy, Desorption, Methods, Humans, Immunoelectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Chromatography, biology, Chemistry, Biochemistry (medical), General Medicine, Blood Protein Electrophoresis, Pregnancy serum, Thyroxine, Concanavalin A, biology.protein, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Serum Globulins
الوصف: A convenient method for isolation of TBG from human pregnancy serum is reported. The method is based on batch-wise treatment of serum with hydroxyapatite followed by batch-wise adsorption of TBG to an affinity gel consisting of Sepharose to which thyroxine was bound with a spacer group. After selective desorption the TBG-preparation was practically pure. The small amounts of contaminating proteins were easily removed by affinity chromatography on Concanavalin A-Sepharose. The resulting preparation was shown to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunological techniques.
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80
المؤلفون: Thomas Ratajczak, Roland Hähnel
المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. 73:379-385
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Chromatography, Affinity, Sepharose, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Affinity chromatography, Pregnancy, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Concanavalin A, medicine, Humans, Chromatography, biology, Chemistry, Biochemistry (medical), Dihydrotestosterone, General Medicine, Kinetics, biology.protein, Female, medicine.drug
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