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1
المؤلفون: Ian S. Dayes, Timothy F. Carter, Daniel Gillis, Douglas R. Boreham, Colin E. Webber, Karen Y. Gulenchyn, Kara Schnarr, Jennifer A. Lemon, Jo-Anna Dolling
المصدر: Dose-Response
Dose-Response, Vol 13 (2015)مصطلحات موضوعية: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Biology, Toxicology, Article, In vivo, adaptive response, medicine, Irradiation, γH2AX, Fluorodeoxyglucose, Chemical Health and Safety, medicine.diagnostic_test, lcsh:RM1-950, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, apoptosis, Chromosome, PET scan, In vitro, 18F-FDG, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, chromosome aberrations, Apoptosis, Positron emission tomography, Positron Emission Tomography Scan, medicine.drug
الوصف: The biological effects of exposure to radioactive fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) were investigated in the lymphocytes of patients undergoing positron emission tomography (PET) procedures. Low-dose, radiation-induced cellular responses were measured using 3 different end points: (1) apoptosis; (2) chromosome aberrations; and (3) γH2AX foci formation. The results showed no significant change in lymphocyte apoptosis, or chromosome aberrations, as a result of in vivo 18F-FDG exposure, and there was no evidence the PET scan modified the apoptotic response of lymphocytes to a subsequent 2 Gy in vitro challenge irradiation. However, lymphocytes sampled from patients following a PET scan showed an average of 22.86% fewer chromosome breaks and 39.16% fewer dicentrics after a subsequent 2 Gy in vitro challenge irradiation. The effect of 18F-FDG exposure on phosphorylation of histone H2AX (γH2AX) in lymphocytes of patients showed a varied response between individuals. The relationship between γH2AX foci formation and increasing activity of 18F-FDG was not directly proportional to dose. This variation is most likely attributed to differences in the factors that combine to constitute an individual’s radiation response. In summary, the results of this study indicate18F-FDG PET scans may not be detrimental but can elicit variable responses between individuals and can modify cellular response to subsequent radiation exposures.
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المؤلفون: Brant A. Ulsh
المصدر: Dose-Response
Dose-Response, Vol 13 (2015)مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medical imaging, radiation risk, Context (language use), Computed tomography, Toxicology, linear no-threshold hypothesis, Article, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Medical imaging, Medicine, Medical physics, Chemical Health and Safety, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:RM1-950, atomic bomb survivors, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, computed tomography, Radiation exposure, Radiation risk, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Professional association, business
الوصف: Several radiation-related professional societies have concluded that carcinogenic risks associated with doses below 50–100 mSv are either too small to be detected, or are nonexistent. This is especially important in the context of doses from medical imaging. Radiation exposure to the public from medical imaging procedures is rising around the world, primarily due to increased utilization of computed tomography. Professional societies and advisory bodies consistently recommend against multiplying small doses by large populations to predict excess radiation-induced cancers, in large part because of the potential for sensational claims of health impacts which do not adequately take the associated uncertainties into account. Nonetheless, numerous articles have predicted thousands of future cancers as a result of CT scanning, and this has generated considerable concern among patients and parents. In addition, some authors claim that we now have direct epidemiological evidence of carcinogenic risks from medical imaging. This paper critically examines such claims, and concludes that the evidence cited does not provide direct evidence of low-dose carcinogenicity. These claims themselves have adverse public health impacts by frightening the public away from medically justified exams. It is time for the medical and scientific communities to be more assertive in responding to sensational claims of health risks.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7b504ce5907be67a2a343d54eab40394
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26673121 -
3
المصدر: Dose-Response
Dose-Response, Vol 13 (2015)مصطلحات موضوعية: Antioxidant, antioxidant, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, Glutathione reductase, Pharmacology, testis, Toxicology, Article, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oral administration, Chloroquine, medicine, curcumin, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemical Health and Safety, business.industry, Glutathione peroxidase, lcsh:RM1-950, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Glutathione, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, chemistry, Artesunate, artesunate, business, medicine.drug, antimalarial drug
الوصف: India is one of the endemic areas where control of malaria has become a formidable task. Artesunate is the current antimalarial drug used to treat malaria, especially chloroquine resistant. The objective of the present study was to investigate the dose-dependent effect of oral administration of artesunate on the oxidative parameters in testes of adult male Swiss albino mice and ameliorative efficacy of curcumin, a widely used antioxidant. An oral dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (bwt; low dose) and 300 mg/kg bwt (high dose) of artesunate was administered for a period of 45 days to male mice, and ameliorative efficacy of curcumin was also assessed. The results revealed that artesunate caused significant alteration in oxidative parameters in dose-dependent manner. Administration of artesunate brought about significant decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, whereas lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase activity were found to be significantly increased. The results obtained show that oxidative insult is incurred upon the intracellular antioxidant system of testis tissue by artesunate treatment. Further, administration of curcumin at the dose level of 80 mg/kg bwt along with both doses of artesunate attenuated adverse effects in male mice.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::20d073b2a7b3c1151b9577f39c9ebf55
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26673878 -
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المؤلفون: Subhendu Mukherjee, Jocelyn I Dudley, Dipak K. Das
المصدر: Dose-Response, Vol 8 (2010)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Cardioprotection, Programmed cell death, Chemical Health and Safety, business.industry, Cell growth, Angiogenesis, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, lcsh:RM1-950, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, food and beverages, Pharmacology, Resveratrol, Toxicology, Article, Vascular endothelial growth factor, chemistry.chemical_compound, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, chemistry, Apoptosis, Cancer cell, Medicine, business
الوصف: This review describes the dose-dependent health benefits of resveratrol, a polyphenolic antioxidant that is found in a variety of foods, especially grape skin and red wine. Resveratrol provides diverse health benefits including cardioprotection, inhibition of low-density lipoprotein, activation of nitric oxide (NO) production, hindering of platelet aggregation [32] A.A.E. Bertelli, D.E. Giovannini, R.L. Caterina, W. Bernini, M. Migliori and M. Fregoni et al., Antiplatelet activity of cis-resveratrol, Drugs Exp Clin Res 22 (1996), pp. 61–63. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (111) and promotion of antiinflammatory effects. Studies have shown that at a lower dose, resveratrol acts as an anti-apoptotic agent, providing cardioprotection as evidenced by increased expression in cell survival proteins, improved post-ischemic ventricular recovery and reduction of myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and maintains a stable redox environment compared to control. At higher dose, resveratrol acts as a pro-apoptotic compound, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells by exerting a death signal. At higher doses, resveratrol depresses cardiac function, elevates levels of apoptotic protein expressions, results in an unstable redox environment, increases myocardial infarct size and number of apoptotic cells. At high dose, resveratrol not only hinders tumor growth but also inhibits the synthesis of RNA, DNA and protein, causes structural chromosome aberrations, chromatin breaks, chromatin exchanges, weak aneuploidy, higher S-phase arrest, blocks cell proliferation, decreases wound healing, endothelial cell growth by fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor, and angiogenesis in healthy tissue cells leading to cell death. Thus, at lower dose, resveratrol can be very useful in maintaining the human health whereas at higher dose, resveratrol has pro-apoptotic actions on healthy cells, but can kill tumor cells.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::488272224c45c8e113a9c4423b32db53
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21191486 -
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المؤلفون: Ivo Iavicoli, Edward J. Calabrese, Marc A. Nascarella
المساهمون: Iavicoli, Ivo, Calabrese, Edward J., Nascarella, Marc A.
المصدر: Dose-Response, Vol 8 (2010)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Future studies, Chemical Health and Safety, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, lcsh:RM1-950, Hormesi, Hormesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, Toxicology, Article, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesi, Health effect, Settore MED/44 - MEDICINA DEL LAVORO, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, hormesis, nanoparicles, Human exposure, Adverse health effect, Nanotoxicology, Medicine, Biochemical engineering, business
الوصف: Nanoparticles are particles with lengths that range from 1 to 100 nm. They are increasingly being manufactured and used for commercial purpose because of their novel and unique physicochemical properties. Although nanotechnology-based products are generally thought to be at a pre-competitive stage, an increasing number of products and materials are becoming commercially available. Human exposure to nanoparticles is therefore inevitable as they become more widely used and, as a result, nanotoxicology research is now gaining attention. However, there are many uncertainties as to whether the unique properties of nanoparticles also pose occupational health risks. These uncertainties arise because of gaps in knowledge about the factors that are essential for predicting health risks such as routes of exposure, distribution, accumulation, excretion and dose-response relationship of the nanoparticles. In particular, uncertainty remains with regard to the nature of the dose-response curve at low level exposures below the toxic threshold. In fact, in the literature, some studies that investigated the biological effects of nanoparticles, observed a hormetic dose-response. However, currently available data regarding this topic are extremely limited and fragmentary. It therefore seems clear that future studies need to focus on this issue by studying the potential adverse health effects caused by low-level exposures to nanoparticles.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f34c8f6671ff22899615058c7f8ed718
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21191487
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