المؤلفون: Badyal, DK, Desai, C, Tripathi, SK, Dhaneria, SP, Chandy, SJ, Bezbaruah, BK

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology. 46(6):584-589

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicin och hälsovetenskap

URL الوصول: http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:130519909

المؤلفون: Chugh PK; Department of Pharmacology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Gupta P; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Wasan H; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Tripathi CD; Department of Pharmacology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India., Chandy SJ; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Ranjalkar J; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Bright HR; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Samuel MP; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jhaj R; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Banerjee A; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Joshi R; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Medhi B; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Prakash A; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Kamat S; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Tripathi R; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shetty Y; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Parmar U; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Dikshit H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Mishra H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Roy SS; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Kumar R; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Chatterjee S; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Bhattacharya M; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Samanta K; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Trivedi N; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Shah P; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Chauhan J; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Ramasamy R; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Mathaiyan J; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Gauthaman J; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Kaushal S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jain S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Arora S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Gupta K; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Cherian JJ; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India., Chatterjee NS; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India., Kshirsagar NA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2024 Mar 01; Vol. 56 (2), pp. 97-104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Hypoglycemic Agents*/economics , Hypoglycemic Agents*/therapeutic use, India ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Cardiovascular Diseases/economics ; Drugs, Generic/economics ; Drugs, Generic/therapeutic use ; Hypolipidemic Agents/economics ; Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Drug Costs ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/economics ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus/economics ; Dyslipidemias/drug therapy ; Dyslipidemias/economics ; Antihypertensive Agents/economics ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Costs and Cost Analysis

مستخلص: Objectives: India has taken several initiatives to provide health care to its population while keeping the related expenditure minimum. Since cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent chronic conditions, in the present study, we aimed to analyze the difference in prices of medicines prescribed for three cardiovascular risk factors, based on (a) listed and not listed in the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) and (b) generic and branded drugs.
Materials and Methods: Outpatient prescriptions for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were retrospectively analyzed from 12 tertiary centers. The prices of medicines prescribed were compared based on presence or absence in NLEM India-2015 and prescribing by generic versus brand name. The price was standardized and presented as average price per medicine per year for a given medicine. The results are presented in Indian rupee (INR) and as median (range).
Results: Of the 4,736 prescriptions collected, 843 contained oral antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and/or hypolipidemic medicines. The price per medicine per year for NLEM oral antidiabetics was INR 2849 (2593-3104) and for non-NLEM was INR 5343 (2964-14364). It was INR 806 (243-2132) for generic and INR 3809 (1968-14364) for branded antidiabetics. Antihypertensives and hypolipidemics followed the trend. The price of branded non-NLEM medicines was 5-22 times higher compared to generic NLEM which, for a population of 1.37 billion, would translate to a potential saving of 346.8 billion INR for statins. The variability was significant for sulfonylureas, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, and statins (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The study highlights an urgent need for intervention to actualize the maximum benefit of government policies and minimize the out-of-pocket expenditure on medicines.
(Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Pharmacology.)

المؤلفون: Jhaj R; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Banerjee A; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Kshirsagar NA; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Sadasivam B; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Chandy SJ; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Bright HR; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Chugh PK; Department of Pharmacology, VMMC, New Delhi, India., Tripathi CD; Department of Pharmacology, VMMC, New Delhi, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology and Medical Education, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Samuel MP; Department of Pharmacology and Medical Education, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Medhi B; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Prakash A; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Joshi R; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Kamat S; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, SGSMC and KEM, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Tripathi R; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, SGSMC and KEM, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Parmar UI; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, SGSMC and KEM, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Dikshit H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Mishra H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Roy SS; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Trivedi N; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India., Chauhan J; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India., Chatterjee S; Department of Pharmacology, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Bhattacharya M; Department of Pharmacology, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Desai CK; Department of Pharmacology, BJMC, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Sheth S; Department of Pharmacology, BJMC, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Gupta P; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Roy A; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Raveendran R; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Mathaiyan J; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Jeevitha G; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Kaushal S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Gupta K; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jain S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Kaul R; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2022 Nov-Dec; Vol. 54 (6), pp. 407-416.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Drugs, Essential* , Biomedical Research*, Tertiary Care Centers ; India ; Prescriptions

مستخلص: Background: The concept of listing essential medicines can lead to improved supply and access, more rational prescribing, and lower costs of drugs. However, these benefits hinge on the prescription of drugs from an Essential Medicines List (EML). Several studies have highlighted the problem of underutilization of EMLs by prescribers. Therefore, as part of prescription research by the Indian Council of Medical Research-Rational Use of Medicines Centres Network, we evaluated the extent of prescription of drugs not listed in the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM).
Materials and Methods: Prescriptions of outpatients from participating centers were included after obtaining verbal/written informed consent as approved by the Ethics Committee, and evaluated for prescription of drugs from the NLEM 2015.
Results: Analysis of 4838 prescriptions from 13 tertiary health-care institutes revealed that 2677 (55.33%) prescriptions had at least one non-NLEM drug prescribed. In all, 5215 (31.12%) of the total 16,758 drugs prescribed were not in NLEM. Of these, 2722 (16.24%) were single drugs and 2493 (14.88%) were fixed-dose combinations (FDCs). These comprised 700 different drug products - 346 single drugs and 354 FDCs. The average number of non-NLEM drugs prescribed per prescription was 1.08, while the average number of all drugs prescribed was 3.35 per prescription. It was also found that some of the non-NLEM drugs prescribed had the potential to result in increased cost (for example, levocetirizine), increased adverse effects (dextromethorphan), and less effectiveness (losartan) when compared to their NLEM counterparts. Nonavailability of an essential drug (oral hydroxocobalamin) was another important finding of our study.
Conclusion: This study highlights the extent and pattern of drugs prescribed from outside the NLEM at the tertiary health-care level and the need for training and enhanced awareness among prescribers for greater utilization of the NLEM.
Competing Interests: None

المؤلفون: Joshi R; Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Medhi B; Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Prakash A; Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Chandy S; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Ranjalkar J; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Bright HR; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Basker J; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Govindraj L; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Chugh PK; Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, New Delhi, India., Tripathi CD; Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, New Delhi, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Balakrishnan S; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Jhaj R; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Shukla AK; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Atal S; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Najmi A; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Banerjee A; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India., Kamat S; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Tripathi RK; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shetty YC; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Parmar U; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Rege N; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Dikshit H; Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India., Mishra H; Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India., Roy SS; Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India., Chatterjee S; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Hazra A; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Bhattacharya M; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Das D; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Trivedi N; Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India., Shah P; Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India., Chauhan J; Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India., Desai C; Department of Pharmacology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Gandhi AM; Department of Pharmacology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Patel PP; Department of Pharmacology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Shah S; Department of Pharmacology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Sheth S; Department of Pharmacology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Raveendran R; Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India., Mathaiyan J; Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India., Manikandan S; Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India., Jeevitha G; Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India., Gupta P; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Sarangi SC; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Yadav HN; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Singh S; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Kaushal S; Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical college and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Arora S; Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical college and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Gupta K; Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical college and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jain S; Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical college and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Cherian JJ; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Chatterjee NS; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Kaul R; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Kshirsagar NA; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2022 Sep-Oct; Vol. 54 (5), pp. 321-328.

نوع المنشور: Multicenter Study; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Pharmacology, Clinical* , Biomedical Research*, Humans ; Drug Prescriptions ; Tertiary Healthcare ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; World Health Organization

مستخلص: Objective: The rational use of medicines as per the World Health Organization (WHO) should be practiced globally. However, data regarding the completeness of the prescriptions and their rational use is lacking from developing countries like India. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prescribing patterns of drugs and completeness of prescriptions as per WHO core drug use and complementary indicators to provide real-life examples for the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) online prescribing skill course for medical graduates.
Methods: Prescriptions of the patients, fulfilling inclusion criteria, attending Outpatient Departments of various specialties of tertiary care hospitals, were collected by thirteen ICMR Rational use of medicines centers located in tertiary care hospitals, throughout India. Prescriptions were evaluated for rational use of medicines according to the WHO guidelines and for appropriateness as per standard treatment guidelines using a common protocol approved by local Ethics committees.
Results: Among 4838 prescriptions, an average of about three drugs (3.34) was prescribed to the patients per prescription. Polypharmacy was noted in 83.05% of prescriptions. Generic drugs were prescribed in 47.58% of the prescriptions. Further, antimicrobials were prescribed in 17.63% of the prescriptions and only 4.98% of prescriptions were with injectables. During the prescription evaluation, 38.65% of the prescriptions were incomplete due to multiple omissions such as dose, duration, and formulation.
Conclusion: Most of the parameters in the present study were out of the range of WHO-recommended prescribing indicators. Therefore, effective intervention program, like training, for the promotion of rational drug use practice was recommended to improve the prescribing pattern of drugs and the quality of prescriptions all over the country.
Competing Interests: None

المؤلفون: Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Gulrez G; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Mahindru D; Department of Gynaecology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2019 Sep-Oct; Vol. 51 (5), pp. 350-351. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 26.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Anaphylaxis/*chemically induced , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*adverse effects , Diclofenac/*adverse effects, Administration, Intravenous ; Anaphylaxis/diagnosis ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage ; Diclofenac/administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Among the immune-mediated reactions, anaphylaxis is the most severe form. As a postoperative analgesia, diclofenac sodium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug is commonly used. Intravenous (IV) diclofenac sodium-induced anaphylaxis is very rare. We are presenting a case of IV diclofenac-induced anaphylactic reaction, occurred during the surgery in a female patient of 21 years of age. The sign and symptoms of the reaction resembled an anaphylactic reaction. Temporal relationship with IV diclofenac administration and development of the clinical features of the reaction found to be probable. The health-care professionals should be aware of such rare and serious reactions so that it can be diagnosed and treated early. The clinical importance associated with the case encouraged us to report this rare complication of IV diclofenac.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright: © 2019 Indian Journal of Pharmacology.)

المؤلفون: Bhatia A; Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Kanish B; Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Kate P; Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Choudhary S; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2019 Mar-Apr; Vol. 51 (2), pp. 116-119.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Antifungal Agents/*therapeutic use , Itraconazole/*therapeutic use , Terbinafine/*therapeutic use , Tinea/*drug therapy, Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Erythema/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pruritus/drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Objectives: Dermatophytic infections are the common fungal infections aggravated by hot and humid climate. Terbinafine and itraconazole are commonly used oral antifungal agents for the same. However, resistance to these drugs is being seen increasingly when used in the conventional doses and duration. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole in increased dosages and duration in the treatment of tinea corporis and tinea cruris.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized comparative study, patients of tinea cruris and tinea corporis were randomly divided into two groups of 160 each and were given oral terbinafine (Group I) and oral itraconazole (Group II) for 4 weeks. The scores and percentage change in scores of pruritus, scaling, and erythema were evaluated at 2 and 4 weeks.
Results: At the end of week 4, mycological cure was seen in 91.8% after 4 weeks in the itraconazole group as compared to 74.3% of patients in the terbinafine group. There was a significant improvement in percentage change in pruritus, scaling, and erythema in both the groups from 0 to 4 weeks. On comparing groups, the percentage change was significantly different in scaling from 0 to 2 weeks (5.4 vs. -4.8) and 2-4 weeks (16.7 vs. 29.6) between Group I and Group II, respectively. Clinical global improvement was better with itraconazole. Mild adverse effects such as gastrointestinal upset, headache, and taste disturbances were observed which were comparable in both the groups.
Conclusions: Itraconazole and terbinafine seem to be equally effective and safe in the treatment of tinea cruris and tinea corporis.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

المؤلفون: Mathews SR; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Mathew R; Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2019 Mar-Apr; Vol. 51 (2), pp. 120-122.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Anticonvulsants/*adverse effects , Bradycardia/*chemically induced , Hypotension/*chemically induced , Phenytoin/*adverse effects, Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

مستخلص: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant which is also a Class IB antiarrhythmic. Its common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) include gastrointestinal symptoms, psychiatric disorders, gingival hyperplasia, and rash. Bradycardia and hypotension following intravenous (IV) phenytoin are rare ADRs. We report the case of a 62-year-old female with subarachnoid hemorrhage and right bundle branch block, who developed sinus bradycardia and hypotension on administration of IV phenytoin. This case report serves as a note for caution on patient selection for the administration of phenytoin and highlights the need for specific guidelines on the same.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

المؤلفون: Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2018 Jul-Aug; Vol. 50 (4), pp. 159-168.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Competency-Based Education/*methods , Health Personnel/*education , Pharmacology/*education , Pharmacology, Clinical/*education, Animals ; Curriculum ; Humans ; India

مستخلص: Pharmacology education has passed through various stages in the evolution sequence due to ever-changing type and repository of drugs as well as technological advancements in the educational processes. This article reviews the journey of evolution of pharmacology education. Pharmacology is relevant component of various curricula in medical, dental, and paramedical courses. A huge number of students learn pharmacology as a subject. Important milestones in evolutionary sequence included revisions and updates in learning objectives, teaching-learning material/methods and assessment in undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) levels. During this period, a number of pharmacology organizations and associations were formed for the progress of the subject. The inception of Indian Pharmacological Society and International Union of Pharmacology is worth mentioning. There are standardization and unification efforts being done in pharmacology education at national and international levels. The era of animal experimentation is struggling to survive in the new era of animations and simulations. There is increasingly more emphasis on the relevant clinical pharmacy and clinical pharmacology components in the education. The past evolutionary sequences provide leads for future evolutions. New courses and innovations are being designed and implemented to make pharmacology education more meaningful and useful to the new technology-savvy students. A number of innovations in the form of case-based learning, objective-structured practical examination, small group learning, interactive, and integrated methods are being implemented. There is a lot of work being done to introduce a competency-based intergraded curriculum in medical UG and PG courses. All these evolutionary sequences require changing and evolving role of teachers as facilitators.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

المؤلفون: Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, CMCL-FAIMER Regional Institute, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. E-mail: dineshbadyal@gmail.com.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2016 Oct; Vol. 48 (Suppl 1), pp. S3-S4.

نوع المنشور: Editorial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Pharmacology/*education, Animal Experimentation ; Curriculum ; Education, Professional ; Humans ; India ; Inventions ; Students, Health Occupations ; Technology

المؤلفون: Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Daniel SR; Department of Pharmacology, Dr. SM CSI Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2016 Oct; Vol. 48 (Suppl 1), pp. S19-S24.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Medknow Publications Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 7902477 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1998-3751 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02537613 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Education, Medical, Graduate*, Pharmacology/*education, Curriculum ; Humans ; India ; Surveys and Questionnaires

مستخلص: Objectives: To survey the opinion about various curricular components of Doctor of Medicine (MD) pharmacology curriculum in India by stakeholders, including faculty and students.
Materials and Methods: An online survey was done to evaluate the various curricular components of MD pharmacology curriculum being used in India. A total of 393 respondents including faculty, MD students, and other stakeholders completed the survey. The survey was developed using SurveyMonkey platform and link to survey was E-mailed to stakeholders. The results were expressed as percentages.
Results: There was a balanced representation of respondents from various designations, teaching experience, regions, and age groups. Most of the respondents (83%) were aware of the MD pharmacology curriculum. However, they reported that it is more inclined to knowledge domain. About half of respondents (53%) said that animal experiments are being used. The most common teaching methods mentioned are seminars (98.5%), journal clubs (95%), and practical exercises by postgraduates (73%), but there is less use of newer methods (25%) in theory and less of clinical pharmacology exercise (39%) in practical classes. The log books are maintained but not assessed regularly. Internal assessment is sparingly used.
Conclusion: The MD pharmacology curriculum needs to be made uniform at the national level and updated to include the newer methods in teaching-learning and assessment. There should be sharing of newer methods at a common platform implemented at the national level.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.