المؤلفون: Poché DM; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO, U.S.A., Torres-Poché Z; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO, U.S.A., Garlapati R; Genesis Laboratories India Private Ltd., Patna, India., Clarke T; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO, U.S.A., Poché RM; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO, U.S.A.

المصدر: Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology [J Vector Ecol] 2018 Dec; Vol. 43 (2), pp. 285-292.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioOne Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9512496 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1948-7134 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10811710 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Vector Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Endemic Diseases*, Insect Control/*methods , Insect Vectors/*physiology , Leishmania donovani/*physiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*epidemiology , Phlebotomus/*physiology, Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Crops, Agricultural ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission ; Livestock ; Male ; Phlebotomus/parasitology ; Sugars

مستخلص: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), transmitted by the sand fly, Phlebotomus argentipes, is frequently reported on the Indian subcontinent where its basic ecology is largely unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of sugar solution (10%), containing colored food dye (0.5%) applied to peridomestic vegetation, to mark P. argentipes and subsequently estimate horizontal movement by capturing dye-marked specimens in CDC light traps in a village in Bihar, India. From September 30 to November 27, 2016, a total of 667 captured sand flies were successfully marked using sugar baits, of which 608 were P. argentipes (~91.2%). Although the majority of P. argentipes were captured <100 m from the respective marking sites, a significantly greater proportion of females (15.7%) was captured >100 m from marking sites when compared to males (3.1%). Sand flies that ingested sugar bait were only collected from areas containing >eight vegetation types and mature banana plants. The average number of marked P. argentipes captured per trap-night (±SD) <100 m from respective marking sites was greatest in peridomestic vegetation (Males: 0.9 ± 1.97; Females: 0.63 ± 1.44), followed by areas with livestock (Males: 0.66 ± 2.75; Females: 0.24 ± 0.69), and areas with humans only (Males: 0.1 ± 0.36; Females: 0.11 ± 0.31). To our knowledge, this is the only study in Bihar in which sand flies have been marked with food dyes, and the results demonstrate the potential usefulness of food dyes in estimating short-term movement of P. argentipes. Limitations of this experiment are that the number of each trap location type, vegetation composition at marking sites, and distance of all trap sites from marking sites were not homogenous, and the total number of marked sand flies collected were relatively low. In spite of the above limitations, these data should prove useful in developing a large-scale study addressing the caveats. Results of such a study could provide important information regarding the dynamics of VL transmission and inspire managers to pursue alternative means of sand fly control on the Indian subcontinent.
(© 2018 The Society for Vector Ecology.)

المؤلفون: Poché D; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO 80549, U.S.A., Garlapati R, Ingenloff K, Remmers J, Poché R

المصدر: Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology [J Vector Ecol] 2011 Mar; Vol. 36 Suppl 1, pp. S106-17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioOne Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9512496 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1948-7134 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10811710 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Vector Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Phlebotomus/*growth & development , Phlebotomus/*parasitology, Animals ; Cattle ; Ecology ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Insect Vectors/growth & development ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission

مستخلص: This study examined the spatial distribution and seasonal fluctuations of population densities of phlebotomine sand flies and was designed to obtain baseline data on the population trends of Phlebotomus argentipes, P. papatasi, and Sergentomyia spp. in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area of Bihar, India. Beginning on 28 October 2009 and through 20 October 2010, 63 CDC light traps were evenly distributed in human homes, cattle sheds, combined dwellings, chicken coops, and adjacent vegetation areas in three villages in the Saran District of Bihar State. Sand fly collections were made on a weekly basis, sorted, and identified according to species, sex, and feeding status of the two genera. The daily temperatures and relative humidity ranges were collected in a representative human home, cattle shed, and combined dwelling in each of the three study villages. Village census surveys were conducted in the three study villages in February 2010, acquiring human population data, structural composition data, and livestock census information, and documenting the history of visceral leishmaniasis within each household. A total of 52,653 sand flies was trapped and identified over 3,276 trap-nights. Peaks in abundance were observed in November 2009, March and April, June through August. Of the sand flies trapped, 72.1% were P. argentipes, 27.1%Sergentomyia spp., and 0.8%P. papatasi. Distribution of the sand fly captures included 30.6%, 26.7%, 18.6%, 12.1%, and 12.0% from vegetation, combined dwellings, cattle sheds, housing, and poultry houses, respectively.
(© 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.)

المؤلفون: Poché RM; Genesis Laboratories, Inc., Wellington, CO 80549, USA. richard@genesislabs.com, Garlapati R, Elnaiem DE, Perry D, Poché D

المصدر: Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology [J Vector Ecol] 2012 Jun; Vol. 37 (1), pp. 148-53.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioOne Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9512496 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1948-7134 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10811710 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Vector Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Arecaceae*, Psychodidae/*physiology, Animals ; Ecosystem ; India ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission ; Phlebotomus/physiology

مستخلص: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), known as Kala-azar in India, is a parasite transmitted by the bite of the sand fly vector Phlebotomus argentipes. Published information on the species indicates it is a poor flyer, mainly hopping and gliding. This study describes the vector as more arboreal than previously documented. Data collected indicate the ability of P. argentipes and Sergentomyia spp to attain vertical heights in Palmyra palm trees Borassus flabellifer up to 18.4 m above ground level. To determine if sand flies were either climbing the tree trunk to rest in the canopy or flying, sticky traps were set around the tree trunk and checked for captures overnight. CDC traps set in the palm tree canopy resulted in the capture of 5,067 sand flies, 3,990 of which were P. argentipes. Traps were set during daylight hours to determine if sand flies remained and rested in the canopy. A total of 128 sand flies were trapped over 29 trap days in the palm trees. With the CDC traps, 130 P. argentipes and no Sergentomyia spp were captured. The converse was true for the sticky traps set around tree trunks 3 m below the CDC traps. Of the 105 sand flies collected, only one was P. argentipes and 104 were Sergentomyia spp. As reported elsewhere, this indicates Sergentomyia spp tend to climb and hop, wheareas P. argentipes are capable of longer and more sustained flight. Data presented herein suggest that P. argentipes is more exophylic and exophagic than previously reported. These findings have implications for sand fly control.
(© 2012 The Society for Vector Ecology.)