المؤلفون: Rajkhowa TK; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796014, India. tridibraj09@gmail.com., Zodinpuii D; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796014, India., Jayappa K; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796014, India., Hauhnar L; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796014, India.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2024 Feb; Vol. 60 (1), pp. 44-52. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 07.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Infectious bronchitis virus*/genetics , Coronavirus Infections*/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections*/veterinary , Coronavirus Infections*/prevention & control , Poultry Diseases*, Animals ; Chickens ; Poultry ; Genotype ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Phylogeny

مستخلص: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes considerable economic impacts on global poultry production. Since its emergence in early 1930, IBV continues to evolve and now exists in a wide range of antigenically and genetically distinct variants, that makes the prevention and the control of the disease both complex and challenging. Although IBV has been reported regularly from different corner of India, information about the molecular epidemiology of circulating strain in relation to clinical form of the disease is not available. We have studied the clinico-pathology and confirmed eight distinct field outbreaks of the disease from poultry population of Mizoram, India. The clinical disease in affected birds resulted sever pathological lesions involving respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary system together. The complete S1 nucleotide sequences and protein analyses have revealed a distinct variant of genotype I-IBV (GI), designated as GI-24 circulating in India. The S1 protein of the field strains displayed unique additional eighteen amino acids at C terminal end when compared with M41strain. Comparison of the S1 protein among all the 27 lineages of GI revealed five mutations that are exclusive to only the Indian strains. All the field strains have also possessed the amino acid mutations at highly variable region 2 (HVR2) of S1 receptor-binding domain (RBD) that are considered characteristic of nephropathogenic strains. The circulating GI-24 strains displayed potency for a wide range of tropism from respiratory epithelium to GIT and urinary system. This study provides insight on recently emerging IBV outbreaks in NER, India, which might be causing huge economic losses to the poultry farmers in the region.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Davidson I; Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel. davidsonirit@gmail.com., Lupini C; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy., Catelli E; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy., Quaglia G; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy., Maddaloni L; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Mescolini G; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.; Operating Unit of Animal Health and Hygiene of Livestock Production, Department of Public Health, AUSL della Romagna, Forlì, FC, Italy.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2024 Feb; Vol. 60 (1), pp. 32-43. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Marek Disease* , Oncogene Proteins, Viral*/genetics , Herpesvirus 2, Gallid*/genetics , Poultry Diseases*, Animals ; Poultry ; Israel ; Virulence/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Chickens ; Proline/genetics

مستخلص: Fifty-seven Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2) isolates, collected during a 30-year period (1990-2019) from commercial poultry flocks affected by Marek's disease (MD), were molecularly characterised. The GaHV-2 meq gene was amplified and sequenced to evaluate the virus virulence, based on the number of PPPPs within the proline-rich repeats (PRRs) of its transactivation domain. The present illustration of virus virulence evaluation on a large scale of field virus isolates by molecular analysis exemplifies the practical benefit and usefulness of the molecular marker in commercial GaVH-2 isolates. The alternative assay of GaVH-2 virulence pathotyping is the classical Gold Standard ADOL method, which is difficult and impossible to employ on a large scale using the Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) chicks of the ADOL strains kept in isolators for two months. The phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study showed that the meq gene amino acid sequences of the 57 Israeli strains divide into 16 phylogenetic branches. The virulence evaluation was performed in comparison with 36 GaHV-2 prototype strains, previously characterised by the in vivo Gold Standard ADOL assay. The results obtained revealed that the GaHV-2 strains circulating in Israel have evolved into a higher virulence potential during the years, as the four-proline stretches number in the meq gene decreased over the investigated period, typically of very virulent virus prototypes. The present study supports the meq gene molecular markers for the assessment of field GaVH-2 strains virulence.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Liu H; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China. liuhd-2006@163.com., Li T; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China., Ding S; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China., Tang J; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China., Wang C; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China., Wang D; College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2023 Jun; Vol. 59 (3), pp. 449-456. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 16.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Newcastle Disease* , Poultry Diseases*, Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Newcastle disease virus ; Phylogeny ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Chickens ; China ; Poultry/genetics ; Columbidae ; Sequence Analysis ; Genotype

مستخلص: Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most serious diseases affecting poultry worldwide. In 2022, we studied two strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from pigeons and magpies identified by PCR and propagated in SPF chicken embryos. The whole genome of the virus was then expanded and its biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that NDV was isolated from pigeons and magpies. Virus present in the allantoic fluid could agglutinate red blood cells and could not be neutralized by serum positive for avian influenza. Sequencing showed that the gene length of the two isolates was 15,191 bp, had high homology and was located in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree, both belonging to genotype VI.1.1. The sequence of 112-117 amino acids in the F gene sequence was ¹¹² R-R-Q-K-R-F ¹¹⁷ , which constituted virulent strain characteristics. The HN gene contained 577 amino acids, which is also consistent with the characteristics of a virulent strain. The results from the study of biological characteristics revealed that the virulence of SX/TY/Pi01/22 was slightly stronger. There were only four different bases in the complete sequence of the two strains. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the G at 11,847 site of the SX/TY/Ma01/22 strain may change to T, leading to translation of amino acids from R to S, thereby weakening viral virulence. Therefore, NDV was transmitted from pigeons to magpies, indicating that the pathogen could be transmitted between poultry and wild birds.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Rajab MK; Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Fard MHB; Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. mhbfard@yahoo.com., Ghalyanchilangeroudi A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini H; Department of Clinical Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran., Charkhkar S; Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2024 Apr; Vol. 60 (2), pp. 126-133. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Newcastle Disease* , Viral Vaccines* , Poultry Diseases*, Animals ; Newcastle disease virus ; Chickens ; Phylogeny ; Convection ; Iran ; Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Genotype ; Antibodies, Viral

مستخلص: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) belongs to the Avulavirus genus and Paramyxoviridae family virus that causes acute, highly infectious Newcastle disease in poultry. The two proteins of haemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) are key virulence factors with an important role in its immunogenicity. Genotype VII NDV is still among the most serious viral hazards to the poultry industry worldwide. In this study, a commercial vector vaccine (HVT-NDV) was evaluated compared to the conventional vaccination strategy against Iranian genotype VII. This experiment showed that the group receiving the conventional vaccination strategy had higher antibodies, fewer clinical signs, and lower viral loads in tracheal swabs and feces. Also, two vaccine groups showed significant difference, which could have resulted from two extra vaccine doses in the conventional group. However, except for antibody levels in commercial chickens in the Iran new-generation vaccine, this difference was minor. Further, both groups showed 100% protection in the challenge study. Despite the phylogenetic gap between the NDV-F gene placed in the vector vaccine and the challenge virus (genotypes I and VII, respectively), the rHVT-NDV vaccine offered strong clinical protection and decreased challenge virus shedding considerably.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Li W; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Meng H; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Liang X; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Peng J; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Irwin DM; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada., Shen X; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Shen Y; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China. shenyy@scau.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China. shenyy@scau.edu.cn.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2023 Dec; Vol. 59 (6), pp. 845-851. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Marek Disease* , Herpesvirus 2, Gallid*/genetics , Vaccines* , Poultry Diseases*, Humans ; Animals ; Chickens ; Phylogeny ; Turkeys ; Evolution, Molecular

مستخلص: The virus that causes Marek's disease (MD) is globally ubiquitous in chickens, continuously evolving, and poses a significant threat to the poultry industry. Although vaccines are extensively used, MD still occurs frequently and the virus has evolved increased virulence in China. Here, we report an outbreak of MD in vaccinated chickens and unvaccinated turkeys in a backyard farm in Guangdong province, China, in 2018. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two lineages of MDVs at this farm, with one lineage, containing isolates from two turkeys and five chickens, clustering with virulent Chinese strains and displays a relatively high genetic divergence from the vaccine strains. These new isolates appear to have broken through vaccine immunity, yielding this outbreak of MD in chickens and turkeys. The second lineage included four chicken isolates that clustered with the CVI988 and 814 vaccine strains. The large diversity of MDVs in this single outbreak reveals a complex circulation of MDVs in China. Poor breeding conditions and the weak application of disease prevention and control measures make backyard farms a hotbed for the evolution of viruses that cause infectious diseases. This is especially important in MDV as the MD vaccines do not provide sterilizing immunity, which allows the replication and shedding of virulent field viruses by vaccinated individuals and supporting the continuous evolution of MDVs. Hence, constant monitoring of the evolution of MDVs is necessary to understand the evolution of these field viruses and potential expansions of their host range.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Wu J; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Lu R; School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, People's Republic of China., Wang J; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Su J; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Gu C; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Xie Q; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Zhu H; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China., Xiao J; Department of Geriatrics, The Eight Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. xxxjjj6288@sina.com., Liu W; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. weiquan8@cau.edu.cn.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2023 Aug; Vol. 59 (4), pp. 572-581. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Newcastle Disease* , Poultry Diseases* , Viral Vaccines*/genetics, Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Newcastle disease virus ; Trypsin/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Genetics ; Chickens ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Genotype ; Tropism

مستخلص: Newcastle disease (ND) is the most important infectious disease in poultry, which is caused by avian orthoavulavirus type 1 (AOAV-1), previously known as Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In this study, an NDV strain SD19 (GenBank accession number OP797800) was isolated, and phylogenetic analysis suggested the virus belongs to the class II genotype VII. After generating wild-type rescued SD19 (rSD19), the attenuating strain (raSD19) was generated by mutating the F protein cleavage site. To explore the potential role of the transmembrane protease, serine S1 member 2 (TMPRSS2), the TMPRSS2 gene was inserted into the region between the P and M genes of raSD19 to generate raSD19-TMPRSS2. Besides, the coding sequence of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene was inserted in the same region as a control (rSD19-EGFP and raSD19-EGFP). The Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and real-time quantitative PCR were employed to determine the replication activity of these constructs. The results reveal that all the rescued viruses can replicate in chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells; however, the proliferation of raSD19 and raSD19-EGFP needs additional trypsin. We next evaluated the virulence of these constructs, and our results reveal that the SD19, rSD19, and rSD19-EGFP are velogenic; the raSD19 and raSD19-EGFP are lentogenic; and the raSD19-TMPRSS2 are mesogenic. Moreover, due to the enzymatic hydrolysis of serine protease, the raSD19-TMPRSS2 can support itself to proliferate in the DF-1 cells without adding exogenous trypsin. These results may provide a new method for the NDV cell culture and contribute to ND's vaccine development.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Kgotlele T; Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag 0035, Gaborone, Botswana., Modise B; Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag 0035, Gaborone, Botswana., Nyange JF; Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag 0035, Gaborone, Botswana., Thanda C; Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory, Private Bag 0035, Gaborone, Botswana., Cattoli G; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria., Dundon WG; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, IAEA, Freidenstrasse, 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2020 Oct; Vol. 56 (5), pp. 646-650. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 20.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Newcastle Disease*/epidemiology , Newcastle Disease*/virology , Newcastle disease virus*/classification , Newcastle disease virus*/genetics , Newcastle disease virus*/isolation & purification , Poultry Diseases*/epidemiology , Poultry Diseases*/virology, Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary, Animals ; Botswana/epidemiology ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Genotype ; Phylogeny ; Poultry/virology ; RNA, Viral/genetics

مستخلص: Avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1), the causative agent of Newcastle disease (ND) in domestic and wild avian species, has recently been reported and characterized in five southern African countries (i.e. Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Since APMV-1s have never been characterized in Botswana, this study was undertaken to determine the genotype circulating in the country. Fourteen samples were collected from ND outbreaks in poultry in 2014, 2018 and 2019 and the complete fusion protein gene was sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the viruses from Botswana clustered in genotype VII.2 (previously subgenotype VIIh) and that they were more related to viruses from South Africa and Mozambique than the other southern African countries (i.e. Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe).

المؤلفون: Souley MM; Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger., Issa Ibrahim A; Université de Tillabéri, Tillabéri, Niger., Souley Kouato B; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niamey, Niger., Abdou A; Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger., Issa R; Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger., Yaou B; Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger., Amadou H; Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger., Hama H; Service Vétérinaire Privé de Proximité (SVPP), Niamey, Niger., Adakal H; Université Dan Dicko DanKoulodo de Maradi, Maradi, Niger., Abdou N; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niamey, Niger., Cattoli G; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria., Dundon WG; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.; Animal Production and Health Laboratory, IAEA, Freidenstrasse, 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2021 Feb; Vol. 57 (1), pp. 100-105. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 31.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Newcastle Disease*/epidemiology , Newcastle Disease*/virology , Poultry Diseases*/epidemiology , Poultry Diseases*/virology, Newcastle disease virus/*isolation & purification , Poultry/*virology, Animals ; Genotype ; Newcastle disease virus/genetics ; Niger/epidemiology ; RNA, Viral ; Viral Proteins/genetics

مستخلص: The causative agent of Newcastle disease (ND) of poultry is the avian paramyxovirus-1, also commonly known as ND virus (NDV). Like in many developing countries, ND is endemic in Niger and has significant economic impact on commercial and backyard poultry production. NDVs were characterized in Niger between 2006 and 2008 and shown to belong to genotypes XIV.1 and XVII. In order to determine the current situation regarding the virus in Niger, tracheas (n = 384) were collected for the detection of NDV from both healthy (n = 335) and sick (n = 49) backyard poultry in 2019. Of these samples, 24 from sick chickens were positive for NDV by conventional RT-PCR. Sequencing of the fusion protein gene and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viruses belonged to either genotype XIV.2 or XVIII.2. No NDVs of genotype XIV.1 or XVII were identified in the current study highlighting the dynamic nature of NDV circulation in Niger and the region.

المؤلفون: Yin YW; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Xiong C; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China., Shi KC; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Xie SY; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Long F; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Li J; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Zheng M; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Wei XK; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Feng S; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Qu S; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Lu W; Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China., Zhou H; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China., Zhao K; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China., Sun W; Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China. sunwenchao131@163.com., Li Z; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China. lizq20@163.com.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2023 Feb; Vol. 59 (1), pp. 91-99. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Influenza in Birds* , Orthoreovirus* , Influenza A virus* , Poultry Diseases*/diagnosis, Animals

مستخلص: A multiplex qPCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect duck circovirus (DuCV), duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV), and novel duck reovirus (NDRV), but it did not amplify other viruses, including duck virus enteritis (DVE), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), avian reovirus (ARV), H5 avian influenza virus (H5 AIV), H7 avian influenza virus (H7 AIV), H9 avian influenza virus (H9 AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV), and the detection limit for DuCV, DTMUV, MDRV, and NDRV was 1.51 × 10 ¹ copies/μL. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 1.54% in the repeatability test with standard plasmid concentrations of 1.51 × 10 ⁷ , 1.51 × 10 ⁵ , and 1.51 × 10 ³ copies/μL. The developed multiple qPCR assay was used to examine 404 clinical samples to verify its practicability. The positivity rates for DuCV, DTMUV, MDRV, and NDRV were 26.0%, 9.9%, 4.0%, and 4.7%, respectively, and the mixed infection rates for DuCV + DTMUV, DuCV + MDRV, DuCV + NDRV, MDRV + NDRV, DTMUV + MDRV, and DTMUV + NDRV were 2.7%, 1.2%, 1.2%, 1.0%, 0.5%, and 0.7%, respectively.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

SCR Organism: Tembusu virus; Duck circovirus

المؤلفون: Haji Zamani N; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini H; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran., Ziafati Kafi Z; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Sadri N; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Hojabr Rajeoni A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Esmaeelzadeh Dizaji R; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Molouki A; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., FallahMehrabadi MH; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Abdoshah M; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Ghalyanchilangeroudi A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. ghalyana@ut.ac.ir.

المصدر: Virus genes [Virus Genes] 2023 Feb; Vol. 59 (1), pp. 79-90. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8803967 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09208569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virus Genes Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Picornaviridae* , Poultry Diseases*, Animals ; Chickens ; Phylogeny ; Iran ; Genome, Viral ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Diarrhea/genetics

مستخلص: Gastrointestinal symptoms in poultry are caused by several factors, such as infecting viruses. Several avian picornaviruses can cause diarrhea in these valuable animals. Poultry flocks in Iran suffer from gastrointestinal diseases, and information on picornaviruses is limited. In this study, two genera of avian picornaviruses were isolated from poultry and identified by the viral metagenomics. Fecal samples were collected from broiler chicken flocks affected with diarrhea from Gilan province Iran. The results showed that Eastern chicken flocks carried two genera of picornaviridae belonging to Sicinivirus A (SiV A) and Megrivirus C (MeV C). The Western chicken flocks carried SiV A based on whole-genome sequencing data. SiV A had type II ^IRES and MeV C contained a type IVB ^IRES 5'UTR. Phylogenetic results showed that all these three picornaviruses were similar to the Hungarian isolates. Interestingly, two different picornavirus genera were simultaneously co-infected with Eastern flocks. This phenomenon could increase and facilitate the recombination and evolution rate of picornaviruses and consequently cause this diversity of gastrointestinal diseases in poultry. This is the first report and complete genome sequencing of Sicinivirus and Megrivirus in Iran. Further studies are needed to evaluate the pathogenic potential of these picornaviruses.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)