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المصدر: Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, Vol 57, Iss 1, Pp 69-86 (2021)
Social Work, Volume: 57, Issue: 1, Pages: 69-86, Published: 2021مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Food security, Sociology and Political Science, Poverty, Social work, female-headed households, business.industry, poverty, social work, Public health, dietary diversity, food security, nutrition, Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology, Agriculture, medicine, Sociology, Thematic analysis, business, Socioeconomics, Community development, HV1-9960, Qualitative research
الوصف: Social connectedness plays an important role in protecting food security, which requires multidisciplinary input from fields such as nutrition, agriculture, public health, social work and community development. This qualitative study explored food security among female-headed households (FHHs) in Kenya, as part of a larger mixed methods doctoral study. Fifteen key informants monitoring food security were interviewed in the qualitative phase and the thematic analysis generated nine themes, of which two are discussed. Results reveal that dietary diversity in FHHs is poor: they often experience severe food insecurity. Recommendations for practice, policy, and future research are provided.
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URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::06b6e2fbe454dcc97694af0f98c36e48
https://socialwork.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/907 -
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المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e9 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: Research design, Review study, medicine.medical_specialty, knowledge, business.industry, Health Policy, Best practice, practices, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Guideline, Chorioamnionitis, medicine.disease, screening and management, Public healthcare, chorioamnionitis, midwives, Family medicine, medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Original Research, Qualitative research
الوصف: Background: Screening for chorioamnionitis, or the risk thereof, by midwives is largely lacking during antenatal care and no best practice guidelines for chorioamnionitis in South Africa was noted. Aim: To explore and describe midwives’ knowledge and practices related to the screening and management of women who are at risk of or diagnosed with chorioamnionitis. Setting: Public healthcare institutions in a health district in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Ten midwives were purposively included in this study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. The data were analysed using an adapted version of Tesch’s eight steps for data analysis. Results: The main theme revealed that midwives lack knowledge regarding chorioamnionitis, resulting in incorrect practices including a lack of screening, misdiagnosis and mismanagement of the infectious condition. Conclusions: Findings of this research showed that midwives lacked knowledge regarding the screening and management of women with chorioamnionitis resulting in incorrect practices in this regard. There is thus a need for midwives to update their knowledge regarding the screening and management of chorioamnionitis and training (e.g. through a short learning programme). Contribution: Findings of this study could be used by midwives to update their knowledge regarding screening and managing women with chorioamnionitis, which is expected to translate to better practices. Moreover, study findings were synthesised with the results of a literature review study to form the basis for the development of a best practice guideline for screening and managing women with chorioamnionitis.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::044d000ac0b2c0c4d09b967e46a092d4
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1631 -
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المؤلفون: Sipho Wellington Mkhize, Eve P. Jacobs
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e8 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: responsibilities, medicine.medical_specialty, Rehabilitation, attitudes, Health Policy, medicine.medical_treatment, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, advanced psychiatric nurse, Mental health, perceptions, Multidisciplinary approach, medicine, Nurse education, psychiatric nurse, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology, Set (psychology), Psychiatry, Psychosocial, Curriculum, multidisciplinary team, Original Research, Qualitative research
الوصف: Background: The attitudes of advanced psychiatric nurses significantly contribute to the management, treatment plan and care of the mental healthcare users, and resultantly affects the quality and standards of mental healthcare. Considering these effects, it is imperative to understand how the attitudes of advanced psychiatric nurses are perceived by other multidisciplinary team members. Aim: To describe the perceptions of the multidisciplinary team members regarding advanced psychiatric nurses’ attitudes in clinical practice. Setting: Three mental health institutions were utilised to obtain the perceptions related to the attitudes displayed by advanced psychiatric nurses in the clinical environment. Method: A qualitative research descriptive approach was adopted to obtain in-depth descriptions of the attitudes portrayed by advanced psychiatric nurses. Eight purposefully sampled multidisciplinary team members were interviewed to obtain information. Data were analysed using Colaizzi’s method. Results: Themes and sub-themes emerged. Mental healthcare providers exhibited both negative and positive attitudes towards mental health patients. By perception, unfavorable attitudes hindered effective communication and psychosocial rehabilitation programs for mental health patients. Positivity enhanced feedback during ward rounds and during clinical meetings. Conclusion: Despite the positive impact advanced psychiatric nurses have on mental health care, views regarding mental health patients remain negative. It is recommended that advanced psychiatric nursing education curriculum address negative attitudes, views, and stereotypes. Mental healthcare users need to be provided with psychosocial rehabilitation programs and activities that address advance psychiatric nurses’ lack of initiatives. Contribution: A clear set of principles and protocols underpins the collaborative effort among multidisciplinary teams in mental health care.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::01ef52d2c87f3c4966a735201f4d6844
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1646 -
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المؤلفون: Varsha Bangalee, Lehlohonolo J. Mathibe, Lisa Singh
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e6 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, kanamycin, Tuberculosis, media_common.quotation_subject, efficacy, dr-tb, Review Article, outcomes, replacement, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, bedaquiline, Adverse effect, Intensive care medicine, media_common, treatment, business.industry, Health Policy, Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, Aminoglycoside, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Kanamycin, medicine.disease, chemistry, comparison, Bedaquiline, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Oral retinoid, medicine.drug
الوصف: Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has become a serious cause of concern both on a global scale and in South Africa. It is associated with a lower successful treatment rate, thus creating a hurdle in achieving good treatment outcomes for patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the drug kanamycin, an injectable aminoglycoside, to bedaquiline, a newer oral drug used to treat DR-TB. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar, both of which are online databases, were extensively searched using the necessary keywords so that studies that were relevant to the scoping review were retrieved. A data-charting list was developed to extract the needed data for this scoping review. Results: The main findings of the scoping review showed that bedaquiline was highly efficacious in the treatment of DR-TB, and that it was a valuable addition in the treatment of DR-TB. The findings of the study also showed that kanamycin does not have good efficacy against DR-TB. and its use extends the treatment of DR˗TB. Conclusion: It stands to reason that bedaquiline replaces kanamycin in the DR-TB drug regimen as it was shown to be more efficacious and patients experienced better treatment outcomes in a shorter period of time. There were also fewer adverse effects associated with bedaquiline as compared to kanamycin. Contribution: Bedaquiline-based DR-TB therapy is more efficacious than aminoglycoside-based regimens which include kanamycin.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ac870cb24ef1017c8e7f20b2622ee17e
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1708 -
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المؤلفون: Mary Ann Jarvis, Olivia B. Baloyi, Amanda B. Ngcobo
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e10 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Data collection, Obstetrics, Health Policy, media_common.quotation_subject, competence, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, new qualified midwives, Focus group, Nonprobability sampling, perceptions, Mentorship, community service, Content analysis, Perception, Pandemic, medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology, Competence (human resources), midwifery, media_common, Original Research
الوصف: Background: There are links between the inadequate numbers of competent midwives and high maternal mortality ratios and neonatal mortality rates which highlights the significance of job-ready, newly qualified midwives who can display clinical competence. The South African Nursing Council regulated mandatory community service, as a supportive year to develop clinical competence. Aim: To explore and describe newly qualified midwives’ perceived level of midwifery clinical competence during community service. Setting: Both the event of the pandemic and the distribution of the potential participants across various geographical settings necessitated planning for data collection in real and online settings convenient to them. Method: Non-probability purposive sampling was utilized to select and invite the post community service, newly qualified midwives ( N = 65), of the select university, who underwent community service in 2018 and experienced exposure to maternity care settings in the eThekwini District ( n = 23). Data were collected through five focus groups and analysed through Elo and Kyngas’ content analysis. Results: Three categories emerged: transitioning from the sheltered education environment to the real practice world, support in practice: disparate realities and interception of mentorship. Six subcategories accompanied the categories. Conclusion: Newly qualified midwives’ clinical confidence and competence transitioning from the safe academic environment to the authentic accountable clinical setting hinges on mentorship and welcoming, non-stigmatising supportive relationships that facilitate the integration of previous learnings into community service practice. Contribution: The study allows for audibility and awareness of the transitioning midwives’ perceptions highlighting the significance to maternity staff and policy makers, of supportive relationships and structures.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f4b819a6201fb7b3947a458b613defc9
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1670 -
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المؤلفون: Henra Muller, Maurice Junda, Hesta Friedrich-Nel
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e8 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, diagnostic reference levels, Guideline, entrance surface air kerma, alara, Flat panel detector, chest x-ray, Kerma, Radiological weapon, medicine, Medical physics, Computed radiography, Routine chest X-ray, Radiation protection, digital radiography, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Digital radiography, Original Research, drls
الوصف: Background: Dose optimisation is a radiation protection guideline recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for adherence to the ‘as low as reasonably achievable’ (ALARA) principle. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are used to optimise patients’ radiation protection for diagnostic and interventional procedures and are particularly useful for frequently performed examinations such as chest X-rays. Aim: To establish the local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) for routine chest X-rays. Setting: Public sector hospital, Northern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Sixty patients referred for chest X-rays fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in this study. Patients were ≥ 18 years of age and weighed between 60 kg and 80 kg. Consent for participation was obtained. The entrance skin air kerma (ESAK) was measured by using the indirect method recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Statistical software (SAS version 9.2) was used to determine the LDRLs for chest X-rays in three different rooms. In two rooms, computed radiography (CR) was used and the other one was a digital radiography (DR) unit. The LDRL values at the research site were compared with various published international values. Results: LDRLs for chest X-rays were established. The CR LDRL value for the posteroanterior (PA) chest projection was higher than the DR (flat panel detector [FPD]) LDRL value. The LDRLs of the PA chest projections were 0.3 mGy for CR and 0.2 mGy for DR. The lateral (LAT) chest projection LDRL value was 0.8 mGy for both CR and DR (FPD) projections. The resultant LDRL between rooms at the research site was 0.3 mGy for PA 0.3 mGy and 0.8 mGy for LAT chest projections. Conclusion: The LDRLs for chest X-rays established at this research site were lower than internationally reported DRLs. We recommend that LDRLs for routine chest X-rays should be repeated every 3 years, according to the ICRP. Contribution: Currently, no established or published DRL values prescribed by the Directorate of Radiation Control (DRC) are available in South Africa. The LDRLs established for routine chest X-ray examinations at this research site can serve as a guideline for the establishment of DRL values for other anatomical regions at the research site and other radiology departments in the country.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e32637763ef076031e17ef345885b2ab
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1622 -
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المؤلفون: Elzbieta Osuch, Antonio G. Lentoor, Nicholas M. Keetile
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e5 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Cyclophosphamide, medicine.medical_treatment, fact-cog test, Context (language use), chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (crci), perceived cognitive impairment, Breast cancer, breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Cognitive decline, Original Research, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cancer, medicine.disease, chemobrain, adjuvant chemotherapy, Fluorouracil, Methotrexate, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, medicine.drug
الوصف: Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer amongst women worldwide. Whilst current evidence indicates the therapeutic benefits from the use of chemotherapy, self-perceived cognitive difficulties emerged as a frequent occurrence during and after chemotherapy treatment in breast cancer patients. Aim: The current study sought to investigate self-perceived cognitive impairment in a group of breast cancer patients in semi-rural South Africa. Setting: The patients were recruited from an outpatient oncology clinic at a semi-rural, tertiary academic hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. Methods: In a randomised, quantitative, time-based series study, 30 female patients aged 21–60 years (mean age = 50 years) diagnosed with stages II and III breast cancer on CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil) ( n = 10) and FAC (fluorouracil, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide) ( n = 20) chemotherapy regimens, completed the self-reported Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognition (Fact-Cog) test as a measure of subjective cognitive functioning at three points during the course of treatment (T 0 , T 1 , T 2 ). Results: The results of the paired sample t -tests showed the scores on the Fact-Cog test confirmed significant cognitive decline for both treatment groups from baseline (T 0 ) to completion (T 2 ) of chemotherapy; CMF group, t (9) = 2.91, p = 0.017 and the FAC group t (19) = 4.66, p < 0.001. Conclusion: This study confirms that self-reported subjective cognitive impairment is common in breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy in a sample of South African patients. The results have implications for the overall care of cancer patients. Contribution: The context-based knowledge engendered by the current study is expected to augment the continuum of care for breast cancer patients.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::304cb705f9c7aab0ddfafb0127ad4d65
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1605 -
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المؤلفون: Mariette Nel, Corinna M. Walsh, Janke Wessels
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 0, Pp e1-e6 (2019)
Health SA = SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Smoking habit, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Alcohol, medicine.disease_cause, level of education, smoking, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Original Research, 030505 public health, human immunodeficiency virus, body mass index, business.industry, alcohol, Health Policy, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, chemistry, tuberculosis, Structured interview, 0305 other medical science, business, Lifestyle habits, Body mass index, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
الوصف: Background: A high prevalence of smoking and alcohol use has been reported in patients with tuberculosis (TB) by several researchers, even though these lifestyle habits have a negative impact on prognosis and treatment. Aim: To determine the smoking habits and alcohol use of patients with TB and TB/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, and how it is associated with gender, level of education and body mass index (BMI). Setting: The study was conducted at Standerton TB Specialised Hospital, Mpumalanga. Methods: A cross-sectional approach was applied. A structured interview was conducted by the researcher with each of the 100 hospitalised patients to obtain information about smoking habits, alcohol use and level of education. Weight and height were measured using standard techniques. Results: Almost six out of 10 participants (58%) indicated that they were former (44%) or current (14%) smokers. Nearly half (49%) reported that they used alcohol, with 25% drinking alcohol more than three times per week. Significantly more women than men were non-smokers (60.0% vs. 30.0%) and more men drank alcohol three times or more per week than women (36.7% vs. 7.5%). Participants who indicated that they were either former or current smokers had significantly lower levels of education than participants who were non-smokers (95% confidence interval [CI] [−26.7%; −2.6%] and [−39.9%; −1.0%] respectively). Conclusion: A high percentage of patients with TB and TB/HIV co-infection previously or currently smoked and used alcohol. Smoking and alcohol use are likely to have a negative impact on nutritional status and may further affect the prognosis of patients with TB.
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المؤلفون: Euphemia Mbali Mhlongo, Yvonne Munyaneza
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 0, Pp e1-e8 (2019)
Health SA Gesondheid (Online), Volume: 24, Pages: 1-8, Published: 2019
Health SA = SA Gesondheidمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Refugee, media_common.quotation_subject, Language barrier, Poison control, challenges, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sociology, refugee, reproductive health, Original Research, Reproductive health, media_common, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, public healthcare facilities, Health Policy, Public health, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Public institution, lcsh:RA1-1270, Xenophobia, women, Thematic analysis, business
الوصف: Background: Reproductive health services are essential for everyone worldwide. In South Africa, the available literature does not address reproductive health as a full package for women refugees and their experiences. This study addressed women refugees in relation to reproductive healthcare services they receive from public healthcare facilities. Aim: The aim of the study was to document the day-to-day experiences of women refugees and uncover their challenges regarding utilisation of reproductive health services in public institutions of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. Setting: The study was conducted in eThekwini district, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, and did not consider participants who are located beyond the above-mentioned city’s borders. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive design was used. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data through face-to-face in-depth interviews with eight women refugees. Thematic content analysis guided the study. Results: Two major themes emerged: negative experiences or challenges, and positive experiences. The most dominant negative experiences included medical xenophobia and discrimination, language barrier, unprofessionalism, failure to obtain consent and lack of confidentiality, ill-treatment, financial challenges, internalised fear, religious and cultural hegemony, and the shortage of health personnel and overcrowding of public hospitals. The positive experiences included positive treatment and care and social support. Conclusion: The findings revealed that women refugees in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, face many challenges such as medical xenophobia and discrimination in their attempt to seek reproductive health services in public healthcare facilities, making them even more vulnerable. Assisting women refugees with their reproductive health needs will remediate the challenges they face.
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المؤلفون: Megan E. Dimitriades, Kirthee Pillay
المصدر: Health SA Gesondheid: Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 0, Pp e1-e7 (2021)
Health SA Gesondheid (Online), Volume: 26, Pages: 1-7, Published: 2021
Health SA Gesondheid
Health SA Gesondheid; Vol. 26 No. 1 (2021)مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Portion control, dietary management practices, Language barrier, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, kwazulu-natal, 03 medical and health sciences, Glycaemic index, Carbohydrate counting, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes management, immune system diseases, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, dietary guidelines, Original Research, KwaZulu-Natal, Type 1 diabetes, dietitians, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Dietary management, nutritional and metabolic diseases, type 1 diabetes mellitus, medicine.disease, Family medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Kwazulu natal
الوصف: Background: In South Africa, 5% – 15% of diabetics have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Dietitians are an important part of the diabetes management team; however, there is a lack of published data on the dietary management practices for T1DM by dietitians. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the dietary management practices for T1DM by dietitians in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). Setting: This study was conducted in KZN. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using a self-administered electronic questionnaire. Results: Of the 69 dietitians who participated, 58% ( n = 40) used the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines to manage T1DM; just under 35% ( n = 24) spent over an hour with new cases; and 87% ( n = 60) used face-to-face consultations for follow-up. Dietitians used the glycaemic index, portion control using the healthy eating plate, carbohydrate counting using nutritional labels and household measures and carbohydrate awareness to manage T1DM ( p < 0.05). Dietitians also used the healthy eating plate (71%; n = 49) ( p < 0.05) and household measures (73.9%; n = 51) ( p < 0.05) to manage T1DM. Time constraints, the literacy level of the patient, available resources and language barriers all played a role in determining the dietary management practices used ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Most dietitians in KZN used the ADA dietary guidelines to manage T1DM, which highlights the need for South African dietary guidelines for the management of T1DM. Dietitians used a variety of different dietary methods to manage T1DM in practice. This suggests that dietitians are flexible in how they manage T1DM with no one particular method being used. A variety of factors also influenced which dietary management practices were chosen.
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URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bd09add639db2ac0504111c0c9e14889
https://hsag.co.za/index.php/hsag/article/view/1506
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