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المؤلفون: Hanh Dufat, Sina Ros, Farid Boumediene, Noudy Sengxeu, Chanraksmey Aon, Jeremy Jost, Samleng Chan, Voa Ratsimbazafy, Pierre-Marie Preux
المساهمون: Grelier, Elisabeth, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Cibles Thérapeutiques et conception de médicaments (CiTCoM - UMR 8038), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] (SIME), CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale, Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de Pharmacie Centrale [CHU Limoges], Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
المصدر: Epilepsia Open, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 548-558 (2021)
Epilepsia Open
Epilepsia Open, 2021, ⟨10.1002/epi4.12514⟩
Epilepsia Open, The International League Against Epilepsy 2021, ⟨10.1002/epi4.12514⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: Asia, Seizure medication, media_common.quotation_subject, 030231 tropical medicine, Pharmacy, Poor quality, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, Quality (business), RC346-429, media_common, anti‐seizure medication, treatment gap, Medical treatment, business.industry, anti-seizure medication, Carbamazepine, respiratory system, medicine.disease, musculoskeletal system, 3. Good health, respiratory tract diseases, accessibility, Cross-Sectional Studies, Neurology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Costs and Cost Analysis, Full‐length Original Research, epilepsy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Rural area, Cambodia, Drugs, Essential, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
الوصف: International audience; Objective: Epilepsy is a major neurological disorder that requires long-term medical treatment. Once epilepsy is diagnosed, people with epilepsy face many difficulties in accessing treatment (treatment gap). Our objective was to assess the situation regarding the availability, price, affordability, and quality of anti-seizure medication (ASM), which are major determinants of access to treatment. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in provincial/district hospitals and private pharmacies in urban and rural areas in Cambodia. Data on ASM availability and price were obtained through drug suppliers. Affordability was estimated as the number of day wages the lowest-paid government employee must work to purchase a monthly treatment. Samples of ASM were collected, and the quality of ASM was assessed through Medicine Quality Assessment Reporting Guidelines. Results: Out of 138 outlets visited, only 72 outlets (52.2% [95% CI 43.5-60.7]) had at least one ASM available. Phenobarbital 100 mg was the most available (35.5%), followed by carbamazepine 200 mg (21.7%), phenobarbital 50 mg (11.6%), sodium valproate 500 mg (9.4%), and phenytoin 100 mg (9.4%). In provincial/district hospitals, ASM was provided free of charge. In private pharmacies, affordability for phenobarbital 50 mg and 100 mg was the best, with 0.6 and 0.5 days, respectively, compared to phenytoin 100 mg (1.8 days), and other ASM. No counterfeit ASM was found in this study. Phenytoin sample presented the worst quality (33.0%) compared to carbamazepine (27.8%), and other ASM. Significance: A lack of access to affordable and effective ASM due to low availability and poor quality of ASM was identified. Our research highlights the need for future policy efforts to ensure the quality of ASM and improve their availability. This can be achieved by involving the calculation of their annual needs for these drugs and increasing the national production of ASM.
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المؤلفون: Michael Sergio Taglione, Nav Persaud
المصدر: BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss 8 (2021)
BMJ Openمصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, World Health Organization, Essential medicines, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Developing Countries, Health policy, Income.status, 2. Zero hunger, international health services, business.industry, Public health, Developed Countries, health policy, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family medicine, Income, Medicine, Public Health, business, Drugs, Essential, High income countries
الوصف: ObjectiveEssential medicines lists have been created and used globally in countries that range from low-income to high-income status. The aim of this paper is to compare the essential medicines list of high-income countries with each other, the WHO’s Model List of Essential Medicines and the lists of countries of other income statuses.DesignHigh-income countries were defined by World Bank classification. High-income essential medicines lists were assessed for medicine inclusion and were compared with the subset of high-income countries, the WHO’s Model List and 137 national essential medicines lists. Medicine lists were obtained from the Global Essential Medicines database. Countries were subdivided by income status, and the groups’ most common medicines were compared. Select medicines and medicine classes were assessed for inclusion among high-income country lists.ResultsThe 21 high-income countries identified were most like each other when compared with other lists. They were more like upper middle-income countries and least like low-income countries. There was significant variability in the number of medicines on each list. Less than half (48%) of high-income countries included a newer diabetes medicines in their list. Most countries (71%) included naloxone while every country including at least one opioid medicine. More than half of the lists (52%) included a medicine that has been globally withdrawn or banned.ConclusionEssential medicines lists of high-income countries are similar to each other, but significant variations in essential medicine list composition and specifically the number of medications included were noted. Effective medicines were left off several countries’ lists, and globally recalled medicines were included on over half the lists. Comparing the essential medicines lists of countries within the same income status category can provide a useful subset of lists for policymakers and essential medicine list creators to use when creating or maintaining their lists.
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المؤلفون: Karine Reybier, Pierre Perio, Chinedu O. Egwu, Ioannis Tsamesidis, Jean-Michel Augereau, Françoise Benoit-Vical
المساهمون: Pharmacochimie et Biologie pour le Développement (PHARMA-DEV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo (AE-FUNAI), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches (ERL1289), Centre d'investigation clinique de Toulouse (CIC 1436), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), ANR-16-CE35-0003,INMAR,Réseau intégré des mécanismes de quiescence & clairance impliqués dans la résistance à l'artémisinine chez Plasmodium(2016)
المصدر: Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Elsevier, 2021, 167, pp.271-275. ⟨10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.001⟩
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2021, 167, pp.271-275. ⟨10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.001⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Artemisinins, medicine.medical_treatment, Plasmodium falciparum, Drug Resistance, Dihydroartemisinin, Pharmacology, Mechanism of action, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antimalarials, 0302 clinical medicine, Superoxides, Chloroquine, Physiology (medical), parasitic diseases, medicine, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Artemisinin, biology, Superoxide radicals, Superoxide, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, LC-MS, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, medicine.symptom, Drugs, Essential, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Atovaquone, medicine.drug
الوصف: International audience; Understanding the mode of action of antimalarials is central to optimizing their use and the discovery of new therapeutics. Currently used antimalarials belong to a limited series of chemical structures and their mechanisms of action are coutinuously debated. Whereas the involvement of reactive species that in turn kill the parasites sensitive to oxidative stress, is accepted for artemisinins, little is known about the generation of such species in the case of quinolines or hydroxynaphtoquinone. Moreover, the nature of the reactive species involved has never been characterized in Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. The aim of this work was to determine and elucidate the production of the primary radical, superoxide in Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes treated with artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, chloroquine and atovaquone, as representatives of three major classes of antimalarials. The intracellular generation of superoxide was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We demonstrated that artemisinins, atovaquone and to a lesser extent chloroquine, generate significant levels of superoxide radicals in Plasmodium falciparum sensitive strains. More so, the production of superoxide was lowered in chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium treated with chloroquine. These results consolidate the knowledge about the mechanism of action of these different antimalarials and should be taken into consideration in the design of future drugs to fight drug-resistant parasites.
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المؤلفون: Kim Ward, Bvudzai Priscilla Magadzire, David Sanders, H.M.J. Leng
المصدر: South African Medical Journal, Vol 107, Iss 7, Pp 581-584 (2017)
South African Medical Journal; Vol 107, No 7 (2017); 581-584
SAMJ: South African Medical Journal, Volume: 107, Issue: 7, Pages: 581-584, Published: JUL 2017مصطلحات موضوعية: Procurement, Medication Therapy Management, lcsh:Medicine, Context (language use), Distribution, Health Services Accessibility, 03 medical and health sciences, South Africa, 0302 clinical medicine, Health facility, Medicine, Humans, Medicines supply, Stock-outs, 030212 general & internal medicine, Marketing, Qualitative Research, Call for bids, lcsh:R5-920, Public Sector, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, Public sector, lcsh:R, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Needs assessment, Drug and Narcotic Control, 0305 other medical science, business, Drugs, Essential, lcsh:Medicine (General), Critical Incident Technique, Delivery of Health Care, Needs Assessment, Qualitative research
الوصف: Background. South Africa (SA) has experienced several stock-outs of life-saving medicines for the treatment of major chronic infectious and non-communicable diseases in the public sector. Objective. To identify the causes of stock-outs and to illustrate how they undermine access to medicines (ATM) in the Western Cape Province, SA. Methods. This qualitative study was conducted with a sample of over 70 key informants (frontline health workers, sub-structure and provincial health service managers). We employed the critical incident technique to identify significant occurrences in our context, the consequences of which impacted on access to medicines during a defined period. Stock-outs were identified as one such incident, and we explored when, where and why they occurred, in order to inform policy and practice. Results. Medicines procurement is a centralised function in SA. Health service managers unanimously agreed that stock-outs resulted from the following inefficiencies at the central level: ( i ) delays in awarding of pharmaceutical tenders; ( ii ) absence of contracts for certain medicines appearing on provincial code lists; and ( iii ) suppliers’ inability to satisfy contractual agreements. The recurrence of stock-outs had implications at multiple levels: ( i ) health facility operations; ( ii ) the Chronic Dispensing Unit (CDU), which prepacks medicines for over 300 000 public sector patients; and ( iii ) community-based medicines distribution systems, which deliver the CDU’s prepacked medicines to non-health facilities nearer to patient homes. For instance, stock-outs resulted in omission of certain medicines from CDU parcels that were delivered to health facilities. This increased workload and caused frustration for frontline health workers who were expected to dispense omitted medicines manually. According to frontline health workers, this translated into longer waiting times for patients and associated dissatisfaction. In some instances, patients were asked to return for undispensed medication at a later date, which could potentially affect adherence to treatment and therapeutic outcomes. Stock-outs therefore undermined the intended benefits of ATM strategies. Conclusion. Addressing the procurement challenges, most notably timeous tender awards and supplier performance management, is critical for successful implementation of ATM strategies.
وصف الملف: application/pdf; text/html
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::80556125e7bc11d99bd9d42caadb0d96
http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/11937/8102 -
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المؤلفون: Lorenzo Moja, Worasuda Yoongthong, Monica Imi, Maria V. Villegas, Elisabeth G.E. de Vries, Bernadette Cappello, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Evelina Tacconelli, Nicola Magrini, Armando A. Genazzani, Marc Mendelson, Gabriela Prutsky, Mike Sharland, Zeba Aziz, Gilbert Kokwaro, Shalini Sri Ranganathan, Sumanth Gandra, Franco Cavalli, Graham S Cooke, Stéphan Juergen Harbarth, Céline Pulcini, Mark Loeb, Dominik Mertz, Gregory L. Kearns, Mei Zeng, Benedikt Huttner, Fatima Suleman
المساهمون: Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group [London, UK], St George's, University of London-Institute for Infection and Immunity [London, UK], Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control [Geneva, Switzerland], Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University [Shanghai], University of Cape Town, Imperial College London, Centro de Estudos sobre a Mudança Socioeconómica (DINAMIA), Université de Lisbonne, Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, Department of Infectious Diseases, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), National Institute for Health Research
المصدر: The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 19, No 12 (2019) pp. 1278-1280
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, New York, NY : Elsevier Science ; The Lancet Pub. Group, 2001-, 2019, 19 (12), pp.1278-1280. ⟨10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30532-8⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, Inappropriate Prescribing, Global Health, Microbiology, Essential medicines, Antimicrobial Stewardship, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 1108 Medical Microbiology, medicine, Global health, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antibiotic use, EML Expert Committee and Antibiotic Working Group, Intensive care medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ddc:616, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Stewardship/methods, Antibiotic Stewardship, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Drugs, Essential
الوصف: International audience
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6Health-industry linkages for local health:Reframing policies for African health system strengthening
المؤلفون: Julius Mugwagwa, Maureen Mackintosh, Mercy Karimi Njeru, Paula Tibandebage, Samuel Wangwe, Geoffrey Banda, Jires Tunguhole
المصدر: Mackintosh, M, Mugwagwa, J, Banda, G, Tibandebage, P, Tungohole, J, Wangwe, S & Karimi Njeru, M 2018, ' Health-industry linkages for local health : Reframing policies for African health system strengthening ', Health Policy and Planning, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 602-610 . https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy022
Health Policy and Planningمصطلحات موضوعية: local production of medicines, Africa, access to medicines, health systems, health-industry linkages, local health, global health, Drug Industry, local health, global health, Health Services Accessibility, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Development economics, Global health, Effective treatment, Humans, health system, 030212 general & internal medicine, health-industry linkages, Access to medicines, Poverty, access to medicines, health care economics and organizations, Pharmaceutical industry, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, Health Policy, 1. No poverty, Commerce, Cognitive reframing, Original Articles, Africa, Eastern, 3. Good health, Government Programs, Industrialisation, Framing (social sciences), Africa, Costs and Cost Analysis, Local production of medicines, Business, 0305 other medical science, Drugs, Essential, Delivery of Health Care
الوصف: The benefits of local production of pharmaceuticals in Africa for local access to medicines and to effective treatment remain contested. There is scepticism among health systems experts internationally that production of pharmaceuticals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) can provide competitive prices, quality and reliability of supply. Meanwhile low-income African populations continue to suffer poor access to a broad range of medicines, despite major international funding efforts. A current wave of pharmaceutical industry investment in SSA is associated with active African government promotion of pharmaceuticals as a key sector in industrialization strategies. We present evidence from interviews in 2013–15 and 2017 in East Africa that health system actors perceive these investments in local production as an opportunity to improve access to medicines and supplies. We then identify key policies that can ensure that local health systems benefit from the investments. We argue for a ‘local health’ policy perspective, framed by concepts of proximity and positionality, which works with local priorities and distinct policy time scales and identifies scope for incentive alignment to generate mutually beneficial health–industry linkages and strengthening of both sectors. We argue that this local health perspective represents a distinctive shift in policy framing: it is not necessarily in conflict with ‘global health’ frameworks but poses a challenge to some of its underlying assumptions.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ae7e1c774c72d3633f37d101d2e8ee31
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/bf0f98a6-7d85-447f-a2e3-ae0af7434d82 -
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المؤلفون: Mônica Rodrigues Campos, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Vera Lucia Luiza, Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi, Luisa Arueira Chaves, Isabel Cristina Martins Emmerick
المصدر: BMJ Open
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychological intervention, Essential medicines, Drug Costs, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cost Sharing, health services, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, Retrospective Studies, 030505 public health, business.industry, Research, Interrupted time series, Interrupted Time Series Analysis, General Medicine, patient cost sharing, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, non-communicable diseases, 3. Good health, Emergency medicine, Cohort, medication adherence, Hypertension, Linear Models, Cost sharing, Female, Public Health, medicines utilization, 0305 other medical science, business, Drugs, Essential, Oral hypoglycaemic, chronic illness, Brazil
الوصف: Objectives‘Farmácia Popular’ (FP) programme was launched in 2004, expanded in 2006 and changed the cost sharing for oral hypoglycaemic (OH) and antihypertensive (AH) medicines in 2009 and in 2011. This paper describes patterns of usage and continuity of coverage for OH and AH medicines following changes in patient cost sharing in the FP.Study designInterrupted time series study using retrospective administrative data.MethodsMonthly programme participation (PP) and proportion of days covered (PDC) were the two outcome measures. The open cohort included all patients with two or more dispensings for a given study medicine in 2008–2012. The interventions were an increase in patient cost sharing in 2009 and zero patient cost sharing for key medicines in 2011.ResultsA total of 3.6 and 9.5 million patients receiving treatment for diabetes and hypertension, respectively, qualified for the study. Before the interventions, PP was growing by 7.3% per month; median PDC varied by medicine from 50% to 75%. After patient cost sharing increased in 2009, PP reduced by 56.5% and PDC decreased for most medicines (median 60.3%). After the 2011 free medicine programme, PP surged by 121 000 new dispensings per month and PDC increased for all covered medicines (80.7%).ConclusionCost sharing was found to be a barrier to continuity of treatment in Brazil’s private sector FP programme. Making essential medicines free to patients appear to increase participation and continuity of treatment to clinically beneficial levels (PDC >80%).
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المؤلفون: Hervé Bourhy, Yiksing Peng, Yoann Crabol, Sotheary In, Sowath Ly, Arnaud Tarantola, Philippe Buchy, Hubert Barennes, Bangalore Jayakrishnappa Mahendra
المساهمون: Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Kodagu Institute of Medical Sciences, Dynamique des Lyssavirus et Adaptation à l'Hôte, Institut Pasteur [Paris], GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccine, Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS pour la Rage - Dynamique des lyssavirus et adaptation à l'hôte (CC-OMS), Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], GlaxoSmithKline, Glaxo Smith Kline, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
المصدر: Tropical Medicine and International Health
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Wiley-Blackwell, 2016, 21 (4), pp.564-567. 〈10.1111/tmi.12670〉
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Wiley-Blackwell, 2016, 21 (4), pp.564-7. ⟨10.1111/tmi.12670⟩
Tropical Medicine and International Health, 2016, 21 (4), pp.564-7. ⟨10.1111/tmi.12670⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: hidrofobia, Palliative care, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], rabies, Epileptic fits, rage, 0302 clinical medicine, tratamiento, MESH : Anxiety, MESH: Rural Population, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Health care, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH : Palliative Care, MESH : Thirst, MESH: Developing Countries, MESH : Seizures, palliative care, treatment, cvg.computer_videogame, diazépam, MESH: Seizures, 3. Good health, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious Diseases, cuidados paliativos, soins palliatifs, midazolam, Anxiety, MESH: Palliative Care, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Developing country, Hydrophobia, [ SDV.MP.VIR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, traitement, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Rabies, Intensive care, medicine, hydrophobie, MESH : Developing Countries, cvg, Intensive care medicine, hydrophobia, MESH: Humans, MESH: Anxiety, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, MESH : Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, developing countries, pays en voie de développement, MESH : Respiratory Insufficiency, medicine.disease, Surgery, MESH: Drugs, Essential, MESH : Rural Population, MESH : Drugs, Essential, países en vías de desarrollo, MESH : Rabies, MESH: Thirst, Parasitology, Rabies, business, Rabia, MESH: Respiratory Insufficiency
الوصف: International audience; Although limited publications address clinical management of symptomatic patients with rabies in intensive care units, the overwhelming majority of human rabies cases occur in the rural setting of developing countries where healthcare workers are few, lack training and drugs. Based on our experience, we suggest how clinicians in resource-limited settings can make best use of essential drugs to provide assistance to patients with rabies and their families, at no risk to themselves. Comprehensive and compassionate patient management of furious rabies should aim to alleviate thirst, anxiety and epileptic fits using infusions, diazepam or midazolam and antipyretic drugs via intravenous or intrarectal routes. Although the patient is dying, respiratory failure must be avoided especially if the family, after being informed, wish to take the patient home alive for funereal rites to be observed. Healthcare staff should be trained and clinical guidelines should be updated to include palliative care for rabies in endemic countries.
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المؤلفون: Fatima Suleman, Velisha Ann Perumal-Pillay
المصدر: BMC Health Services Research
مصطلحات موضوعية: Essential medicines lists, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Standard treatment guidelines, genetic structures, 030231 tropical medicine, Primary health care, Priority medicines, Health systems research, World Health Organization, behavioral disciplines and activities, World health, Essential medicines, 03 medical and health sciences, South Africa, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Qualitative Research, Pharmacopoeias as Topic, Traditional medicine, business.industry, Health Policy, Hospital level, 3. Good health, business, Drugs, Essential, Research Article
الوصف: Background The South African (SA) health system has employed an Essential Medicines List (EML) with Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) since 1996. To date no studies have reported the changes in SA STG/EMLs. This study describes these changes over time (1996–2013) and compares latest SA STG/EMLs with the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Model EMLs to assess alignment of these lists. Methods A quantitative evaluation of SA STGs/EMLs at 2 levels of healthcare was performed to assess changes in the number and ratio of molecules, dosage forms, and additions and deletions of medicines. The most recent WHO EMLs (18th list, 4th list for children) and 2012 priority life-saving medicines for women and children (PMWC) list were compared to the most recent available SA STG/EMLs (Primary Health Care (PHC 2008), Adult Hospital 2012, and Paediatric Hospital 2013) at the time of the research. Results The number of molecules over the years increased for PHC STG/EMLs but decreased slightly for Adult and Paediatric hospital STG/EMLs. The most additions and deletions over time occurred in the Adult hospital level STG/EML (27 in 2006 and 44 in 2012). A comparison between the most recent SA STG/EMLs and WHO Model EML (18th list) showed that a total of 112 medicines were absent on all SA STG/EMLs. A comparison of medicines for children between the 2013 SA Paediatric Hospital level STG/EML and PMWC indicated that these lists were somewhat aligned for most conditions as only 3 of 14 medicines and 11 of 20 vaccines were absent from SA STG/EMLs. Conclusion This is the first study in SA to investigate changes in National EMLs over time in relation to molecules, dosage forms and therapeutic classes. It is also the first to compare the latest SA STG/EMLs to the WHO Model lists. The results therefore provide insight into the trends and SA STG/EML processes over time.
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المؤلفون: Antonia Jelicic Kadic, Ana Marušić, Nataša Škaričić, Maja Žanić
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e111474 (2014)
PLoS ONEمصطلحات موضوعية: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Alternative medicine, lcsh:Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, World Health Organization, Essential medicines, Insurance Coverage, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Health Economics, Health insurance, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Humans, National medicines lists, public health, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical prescription, lcsh:Science, Reimbursement, National Insurance, Multidisciplinary, Insurance, Health, Health Care Policy, Evidence-Based Medicine, business.industry, Health Policy, lcsh:R, Drug Policy, Socioeconomic Aspects of Health, 3. Good health, Health Care, Systematic review, Family medicine, lcsh:Q, business, Drugs, Essential, Medical Humanities, Insurance coverage, Research Article
الوصف: Purpose To investigate the use of the WHO EML as a tool with which to evaluate the evidence base for the medicines on the national insurance coverage list of the Croatian Institute of Health Insurance (CIHI). Methods Medicines from 9 ATC categories with highest expenditures from 2012 CIHI Basic List (n = 509) were compared with 2011 WHO EML for adults (n = 359). For medicines with specific indication listed only in CIHI Basic List we assessed whether there was evidence in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews questioning their efficacy and safety. Results The two lists shared 188 medicines (52.4% of WHO EML and 32.0% of CIHI list). CIHI Basic List had 254 medicines and 33 combinations of these medicines which were not on the WHO EML, plus 14 medicines rejected and 20 deleted from WHO EML by its Evaluation Committee. For deleted medicines, we could obtain data that showed 2,965,378 prescriptions issued to 617,684 insured patients, and the cost of approximately € 41.2 million for 2012 and the first half of 2013, when the CIHI Basic List was in effect. For CIHI List-only medicines with a specific indication (n = 164 or 57.1% of the analyzed set), fewer benefits or more serious side-effects than other medicines were found for 17 (10.4%) and not enough evidence for recommendations for specific indication for 21 (12.8%) medicines in Cochrane systematic reviews. Conclusions National health care policy should use high-quality evidence in deciding on adding new medicines and reassessing those already present on national medicines lists, in order to rationalize expenditures and ensure wider and better access to medicines. The WHO EML and recommendations from its Evaluation Committee may be useful tools in this quality assurance process.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::3d29724cbfb3a173731fb7a6806c78c7
https://www.bib.irb.hr/724745
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