المؤلفون: Bo Xiao, Hai-Bo Xu, Zhi-Qiong Jiang, Xiao-Ming Zhang

المصدر: Quant Imaging Med Surg

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, APACHE II, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Splenic vein, Health evaluation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, Pancreatitis, Acute pancreatitis, Original Article, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Arteritis, Early phase, business

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Although a number of studies have reported on the vascular abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with late-phase acute pancreatitis (AP), few have studied those occurring in the early phase of the disease. The aim of this research was to investigate the MRI findings of early vascular abnormalities in AP and to analyze the correlation of the prevalence of vascular involvement with the severity of AP based on the MR severity index (MRSI) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 301 consecutive AP patients who were admitted to our institution between March 2013 and June 2019. All patients underwent initial MRI during the early phase of pancreatitis and one or more repeat MRI scans in the late phase. Peripancreatic vascular conditions and pancreatitis were assessed using T1-/T2-weighted imaging and dynamic-enhanced MRI. The association between the prevalence of vascular involvement and AP severity graded according to the MRSI or APACHE II score was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation. RESULTS: Among 301 AP patients, 75 (24.9%) had at least one MRI-detected vascular abnormality. Overall, vascular involvement on MRI was higher in necrotizing pancreatitis than in edematous pancreatitis [43.2% (54/125) vs. 11.9% (21/176), χ(2)=38.2, P

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0ee9a4ba82781c875e2a9902f4df95c9
https://doi.org/10.21037/qims-20-280

المؤلفون: Yang Xu, Baixiong Zhao, Dinglin Zhang, Yang Qiao, Zhansong Zhou, Yongquan Wang, Jun Zheng, Wenhao Shen, Qiyan Cai, Yang Luo

المصدر: Transl Androl Urol

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Stromal cell, business.industry, Urology, Interleukin, Prostatitis, medicine.disease, Exosome, Microvesicles, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Reproductive Medicine, In vivo, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Medicine, Original Article, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, business

الوصف: Background The latest research has shown that exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and are closely related to the occurrence of many chronic inflammatory diseases. However, no studies have clarified whether exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of aseptic inflammation, type IIIA chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS-A). This study aimed to explore the relationship between prostatic fluid exosomes and CP/CPPS-A and reveal new pathogenesis. Methods Our group collected prostatic fluid samples from CP/CPPS-A patients and normal adult men. Electron microscope, quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western Blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis, hematoxylin-and-eosin (HE) staining, immunofluorescence staining and miRNA-155 functional analysis were used to verify the role of exosomes in CP/CPPS-A in vivo and in vitro. Results Exosomes were abundantly enriched in the prostatic fluid of CP/CPPS-A patients and selectively overloaded with microRNA-155 (miRNA-155). These exosomes were taken up by prostatic stromal cells in large quantities. They activated interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression in vitro, and the integrity of the exosomes' plasma membrane is a necessary condition for information transmission by exosomes. In in vivo experiments, histological results showed that prostatic fluid exosomes induced prostatitis in rats. Also, immunofluorescence staining showed excessive activation of IL-8, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Conclusions Exosomes in the prostatic fluid and the miRNA-155 contained therein were may be involved with the pathogenesis of CP/CPPS-A.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d88c40ac9029fa7503a66a2839f6582a
https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-21-139

المؤلفون: Adelaide Alves, Sérgio Campainha, Ana Barroso, Margarida Dias

المصدر: J Thorac Dis

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Internal medicine, Medicine, Eosinophilia, Adverse effect, Lung cancer, business.industry, Cancer, Immunotherapy, Eosinophil, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Peripheral, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Original Article, medicine.symptom, business

الوصف: Background Eosinophils have been traditionally associated with the initiation and propagation of inflammatory responses, particularly in allergic diseases and helminth infections. More recently, an association between eosinophils and cancer has been the focus of several studies, but controversial results have emerged. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic role of peripheral blood eosinophilia in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immunotherapy (IO). We also evaluated the impact of peripheral eosinophilia on the occurrence of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Methods Advanced NSCLC patients under IO were included in a retrospective single-center study. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was defined by a count greater than 500/µL. Patients were analyzed for eosinophil counts, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Results A total of 121 NSCLC patients receiving IO were included. Thirty-three (27.3%) patients presented peripheral blood eosinophilia during treatment. Patients with peripheral eosinophilia presented more frequently non-progression as best overall response to IO (83.3% vs. 58.1%, P=0.014), higher median OS (26.6 vs. 9.5 months, P=0.022) and higher median PFS (13.8 vs. 4.6 months, P=0.013). IrAEs were more common in patients with peripheral eosinophilia (66.7% vs. 36.4%, P=0.003). Conclusions This study suggests that peripheral blood eosinophilia may predict better outcomes in NSCLC patients receiving IO, despite being associated with an increased risk of irAEs. According to our findings eosinophils may be involved in immune response against tumor. Routine eosinophils count assessment may be an additional prognostic tool in NSCLC patients receiving IO.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c4d5b157a8a2ebd23024a2fd6aeebea4
https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-20-3525

المؤلفون: Alan D.L. Sihoe

المصدر: Transl Lung Cancer Res

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General surgery, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Malignancy, medicine.disease, Asymptomatic, Sublobar resection, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Serial imaging, Cardiothoracic surgery, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biopsy, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Lung cancer, Review Article on Lung Cancer Screening

الوصف: The increasing use of low-dose CT for screening for lung cancer will inevitably identify many small, asymptomatic lung nodules and ground-glass opacities (GGOs). Current guidelines for the management of screening-detected lesions tend to advise a conservative approach based on serial imaging and intervention only if ‘suspicious’ features emerge. However, more recent developments in thoracic surgery and in the understanding of the screening-detected lesions themselves prompt some pertinent questions over this conservatism. Is CT surveillance sufficiently reliable to exclude malignancy? Is it really necessary to hold back on operative biopsy and resection given modern surgical safety and efficacy? Is the option for early surgical therapy a viable one—especially with the availability of sublobar resection today? Modern data suggests that the risk of inaction for some screening-detected lesions may be higher than expected, whereas the potential harm of surgical intervention may be substantially reduced by sublobar resection and the latest minimally invasive surgical techniques. A more pro-active approach towards offering surgery for screening-detected lesions should now be considered.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2a4cf78d8647c94ca2092fade5fac596
https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr.2020.04.06

المؤلفون: Tan Xu, Liqin Xu, Xin Yao, Suqin Ben, Juan Zhou

المصدر: J Thorac Dis

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, A549 cell, Chemotherapy, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), medicine.disease, In vitro, respiratory tract diseases, law.invention, Targeted therapy, Blot, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Survival prognosis, Cancer research, medicine, Original Article, business, Polymerase chain reaction

الوصف: Background We aimed to investigate the β-klotho (KLB) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to determine its value as a novel molecular target for survival prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Methods The serum KLB concentrations in 50 patients with NSCLC and the 20 healthy persons were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. The relationship between serum KLB level, including the level change after therapy, and the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The KLB expression in A549 cells was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. The function of cells was revealed by in vitro studies. Results The concentrations of serum KLB in patients with NSCLC were obviously lower than those in healthy subjects. KLB expression was significantly increased in patients after chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted therapy. In addition, expression of KLB was positively related with PFS and OS. Compared with 16-human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, the expression level of KLB was significantly decreased in A549 cells. Overexpression of KLB suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells, along with G1-to-S phase arrest and apoptosis induction. Conclusions KLB plays an anti-tumorigenic role in NSCLC. KLB may be a candidate target for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC and may serve a potentially significant role in future clinical applications.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0be8e0fb37ef133ad9fa9c6400ca5820
https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-21-798

المؤلفون: Aiying Qi, Susu Yan, Huiying Sun, Yuhui Chen, Yanping Li

المصدر: Annals of Palliative Medicine. 10:5502-5508

مصطلحات موضوعية: Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Anthracycline, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Blood lipids, Breast Neoplasms, Gastroenterology, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Anthracyclines, Risk factor, education, Retrospective Studies, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Chemotherapy, education.field_of_study, Triglyceride, business.industry, medicine.disease, Lipids, Radiation therapy, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, business

الوصف: Background Recent studies have shown that chemotherapy can cause abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in breast cancer patients; however, the effects of different chemotherapy regimens on the glucose and lipid profiles in this population remain unclear. Methods The clinical data of 141 invasive breast cancer patients who were treated in our center from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. All patients received surgical treatment and postoperative chemotherapy in our center. According to the postoperative chemotherapy regimens, these patients were divided into an observation group (n=100, treated with anthracycline-based regimens) and a control group (n=41, treated with non-anthracycline-based regimens). Blood glucose and lipid profiles were compared between the 2 groups. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had a significantly higher radiotherapy rate (74.00% vs. 43.90%, P=0.001) and a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving >6 cycles of chemotherapy (85.00% vs. 4.88%, P=0.000). There were no significant significances in the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) before and after treatment (P>0.05) in both groups. TC and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were not significantly different between the observation group and control group before chemotherapy (P>0.05). After chemotherapy, fasting blood glucose significantly increased in the observation group (5.31±0.98 vs. 4.96±0.53, P=0.031), while HDL significantly decreased (1.08±0.28 vs. 1.19±0.31, P=0.042). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that anthracycline-based chemotherapy was a protective factor for increased fasting blood glucose after chemotherapy in invasive cancer breast patients [P=0.022, odds ratio (OR) =0.227, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.064-0.808], whereas receiving >6 cycles of chemotherapy was a risk factor for increased fasting blood glucose (P=0.014, OR =4.216, 95% CI: 1.337-13.296). Conclusions Anthracyclines have little effect on fasting blood glucose in breast cancer patients; however, the incidence of abnormal blood glucose metabolism is gradually increasing after prolonged anthracycline use. Compared with other chemotherapy drugs, anthracycline-based chemotherapy has no significant impact on blood lipid metabolism.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::728dfddad7439c705891e082366dbfe0
https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-533

المؤلفون: Xiao-Ying Zhang, Ying Zhang, Jiumei Cheng, Chun-Yi Zang, Ying-Shu Guo, Hua Duan, Jin-juan Wang, Hong Ye, Sha Wang, Bohan Li

المصدر: Quant Imaging Med Surg

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Ultrasound, Endometriosis, Retrospective cohort study, Ablation, medicine.disease, High-intensity focused ultrasound, Abdominal wall, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Original Article, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business, Adverse effect, Perfusion

الوصف: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of echo contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) during high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation therapy for abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). METHODS: A total of 67 patients with AWE were treated with HIFU ablation, and their demographic characteristics were retrospectively analysed. Blood perfusion of the focal lesion was assessed before the operation, during ablation and after the operation with the use of an ultrasound contrast agent, and the effect of the ultrasound contrast agent on treatment was assessed over a 1-year follow-up period. The degree of symptom relief and adverse effects were evaluated after HIFU ablation. RESULTS: Eighty-two lesions were ablated in 67 patients. CEUS showed that all lesions were successfully ablated with HIFU. The shrinkage ratio of the lesions significantly increased over the follow-up period. Intermittent pain disappeared at 1 month after the operation, and the patients’ pain scores significantly decreased at the 1-year follow-up. The mean [± standard deviation (SD)] lesion volume was 7.64±8.95 cm(3) on B-mode ultrasound. The post-HIFU non-perfused volume was 18.34±24.08 cm(3), and the rate of massive changes on greyscale imaging was 96.16%±5.44% at 12 months. During the procedure, the main complications were a prickling sensation and tenderness in the treatment area and/or a transient “hot” sensation on the skin. After the procedure, there was no obvious discomfort except for pain. Two patients developed an approximately 1-cm area of skin that exhibited a waxy appearance. Seven patients had haematuria. No severe complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound contrast agents are effective and safe for evaluating the effect of HIFU ablation on AWE, and this approach provides significant guidance and evaluation benefits for the use of HIFU treatment for AWE without obvious side effects.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6b760b530da669e9f8d7b69f00ecfa80
https://doi.org/10.21037/qims-20-622

المؤلفون: Junjie Hou, Yifan Lin, Yanqiu Fang, Xiaonan Li, Xiao-Nan Li, Ying Yang, Ning Liu, Xianzhuo Jiang, Yingying Yu, Ying Zhou, Xuguang Mi, Zhiqiang Ni, Xiaodan Lu, Ning-Yi Jin

المصدر: Annals of Palliative Medicine. 10:5754-5762

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pregabalin, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Dysuria, Pudendal Neuralgia, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Urinary retention, business.industry, Pudendal neuralgia, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Pharmaceutical Preparations, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Anesthesia, Quality of Life, Celecoxib, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, business, Tamsulosin hydrochloride, medicine.drug

الوصف: BACKGROUND To explore the clinical efficacy, safety, and prevention of major adverse reactions of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib combined with OxyContin and Pregabalin in the treatment of cancerous pudendal neuralgia. METHODS A total of 51 patients presenting with pelvic malignancies with cancerous pudendal neuralgia were selected, and random number table method was used to allocate them to either the experimental group (n=27) or control group (n=24). The control group was treated with OxyContin combined with Pregabalin, and the experimental group was treated with Celecoxib on the basis of the control group. RESULTS At 24 hours after treatment, the clinical effective rate of the experimental group was 92.6%, which was significantly higher than the 66.7% of the control group (P

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ed7f6c46322f8091b048ea580dd055fc
https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-590

المؤلفون: José de Ribamar Rodrigues Calixto, Jaqueline Diniz Pinho, Juliana Melo Macedo Mendes, Leudivan Ribeiro Nogueira, Rommel Mario Rodriguez Burbano, Gyl Eanes Barros Silva, André Salim Khayat, Antonio Augusto Lima Teixeira Júnior, Marta Regina de Castro Belfort

المصدر: Transl Androl Urol

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, business.industry, Urology, HPV infection, Perineural invasion, Context (language use), medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Reproductive Medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Penile Carcinoma, Cancer research, Medicine, Penile cancer, Immunohistochemistry, Original Article, business, Carcinogenesis

الوصف: Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a risk factor for penile cancer (PC). The miR-145 expression has been correlated to this virus genomic amplification. In this context, this work aims to determine the expression level of miR-145 in penile tumors infected by high-risk HPV and correlate it with the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumor and protein expression of p53. Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded from 52 patients with PC, at diagnosis and prior to any cancer treatment, were obtained. HPV identification was performed by nested type PCR, and miR-145 expression was obtained by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 and Ki-67 was performed. Results Tumoral miR-145 expression was significantly lower compared to adjacent tissue. Additionally, there was a significant reduction of miR-145 expression in invasion perineural, histological associated HPV, and absence of p53 expression in positive HPV cases. HPV infection was detected in 86.5%, the most frequent HPV16. Reduced disease-free survival was observed in patients with low expression of miR-145. Conclusions Our data suggest that the underexpression of miR-145 may be triggered by HPV action, decreasing protein expression of p53, and being correlated with perineural invasion. Therefore, the deregulation of miR-145 provides clues as to the potential role in penile carcinogenesis and is also a potential candidate for validation in noninvasive samples.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::59b13d7184e2e3a4e01d79e25146cc81
https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-20-1378

المؤلفون: Bangwei Cao, Huihui Li, Juanjuan Che, Yan Yang, Kun Shang, Jing Wang, Hongchao Zhen

المصدر: J Thorac Dis

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Univariate analysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cell growth, business.industry, Cell migration, medicine.disease, Metastasis, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Western blot, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Immunohistochemistry, Original Article, Epithelial–mesenchymal transition, business, Lymph node

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Discs large homolog 5 (Dlg5) is a newly discovered member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase superfamily (MAGUK) that is involved in several important processes, including the maintenance of epithelial cell polarity, cell proliferation control, and cell migration and invasion. Decreased expression of Dlg5 has been reported in malignancies arising from different organs. In the present study, we analyzed Dlg5 expression and its prognostic value in squamous cell lung cancer (SqCLC). METHODS: Tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue sections were collected from 98 patients with SqCLC. The expression levels of Dlg5 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers in the tissue sections were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot. RESULTS: There were 80 males and 18 females in the study cohort. Patients at pathological stages I and IIIA accounted for 64.3% and 35.7% of the cohort, respectively. Western blot showed that Dlg5 expression differed between SqCLC and healthy tissues. Western blot also revealed low Dlg5 expression to be associated with low E-cadherin expression and high vimentin expression, which was consistent with the findings of immunohistochemical staining. Dlg5 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node (LN) metastasis (P=0.001) and disease recurrence (P

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::dccc21b8c5edf661580d2d4368137dd5
https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-21-752