المؤلفون: Fugetsu, Shoya

المصدر: Journal of Early Modern History; 2024, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p209-229, 21p

مصطلحات موضوعية: JAPANESE history, POLITICAL movements, SEVENTEENTH century, TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, PRACTICAL politics, SENDAI Earthquake, Japan, 2011

مصطلحات جغرافية: OSAKA (Japan), JAPAN

مستخلص: The English East India Company's (EIC) enterprise in Japan (1613–1623) is widely recognized as a failure. Scholars of the English-speaking world have emphasized the lack of vendible commodities, the EIC traders' mismanagement, and Japanese hostility towards Christianity. Nevertheless, these narratives often overlook the political and strategic interests of Japan, in the era of political uncertainty after the long warring-states period. This paper re-examines the EIC traders' records against recent studies on Japanese politics. The careful observations of political movements surrounding the Siege of Osaka (1614–1615) reveal how the EIC traders were involved in the dynamics of Japanese history. Within the framework of mercantile connections supported by "mutual benefits," the present study demonstrates how the EIC gradually faced difficulties as the Japanese interests shifted, thus arguing that not only European overseas activity but also the active endeavor of the Asian counterparts significantly influenced global interactions of the early seventeenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Early Modern History is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Yoshii, Midori

المصدر: Journal of American-East Asian Relations; 2024, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p195-219, 25p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DIPLOMATS, INTELLECTUALS, JAPAN-United States relations, AMBASSADORS

مصطلحات جغرافية: JAPAN

مستخلص: The article discusses Edwin O. Reischauer's role in the scholarly debates on the modern history of Japan during his ambassadorship from 1961 to 1966. It challenges Takeshi Matsuda's recent interpretation in his Soft Power, and Its Perils: U.S. Cultural Policy in Early Postwar Japan and Permanent Dependency that the "Reischauer Offensive" aimed to make Japan feel subservient, creating "a psychology of dependence." The article argues instead that Reischauer's efforts for "equal partnership" and his scholarly challenge to Marxists' interpretation brought a culture of open debate in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of American-East Asian Relations is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Tan, Tiantian

المصدر: Journal of Religion in Japan; 2024, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1-25, 25p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, BUDDHISTS, FUNERALS, RITUAL

مصطلحات جغرافية: JAPAN

مستخلص: In early modern Japan, the Buddhist monopoly on death-related rituals eventually triggered a movement for the development of Shintō funerals. Based on an analysis of ritual texts produced by several Shintō groups—Yoshida Shintō, Yoshikawa Shintō, Suika Shintō, and Kokugaku Shintō—this study delineates how each group adopted and localized Confucian discourses to establish Shintō funerals during the Edo period. While there were Buddhist overtones in the practices of Yoshida Shintō, clergy from the other three groups frequently borrowed from Confucian rituals in their construction of Shintō-style funerals. Attempting to revive ancient Japanese funerary rites, scholars created Shintō versions of Confucian-style spirit tablets and justified Confucian rituals by invoking the practices of the kami. This study provides a deeper understanding of the history of Shintō funerals, and the inherent Shintōization of Confucian practices therein, while also exploring the relationship between Buddhist, Confucian, and Shintō thought in Edo-period Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Religion in Japan is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Whitmore, Janet

المصدر: Journal of Japonism; 2023, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p125-140, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: JAPANESE art, TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, PATRONAGE, SHIP captains, MUSEUM exhibits, MUSEUMS, JAPANESE literature, ART collecting

مصطلحات جغرافية: SALEM (Mass.)

مستخلص: The Peabody-Essex Museum in Salem, Massachusetts is the oldest continuously operating museum in the United States. It was established in 1799 by sea captains from Salem who wanted to educate their fellow citizens about navigation and trade in the East Indies. The museum's collection includes a variety of artifacts from cultures beyond the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn, including Japanese art. The recently installed permanent exhibition, Japanomania! Japanese Art Goes Global, explores the relationship between Japan and the West through objects made in Japan for foreign patrons. The exhibition covers a period beginning with the arrival of Portuguese traders in 1542 and continues until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in the 1860s. The exhibition at the Peabody-Essex Museum showcases the influence of Japanese design on the West, highlighting the hybrid designs that emerged as a result of Japan's international trade. It explores the fascination with Japanese imagery in Europe and the United States, and the impact of Japanese design on the development of modernism. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of Journal of Japonism is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Reichenbaecher, Christoph

المصدر: Journal of Religion in Japan; 2023, Vol. 12 Issue 2/3, p152-186, 35p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RELIGIOUS institutions, TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, WRESTLING, PUBLIC spaces, NINETEENTH century

مستخلص: This paper investigates the changes in the uncanny expressed in historical examples of sumo wrestling. Various pre-modern instances show sumo as a wild and relentless combat, often resulting in the injury or death of one of the wrestlers. However, due to sociopolitical changes in the early Edo period (1600–1868), a new mode of conduct emerged at shrines and temples that complied with regulations in the urban space and forced wrestling to adapt and curtail the uncanny. Eventually, a further drastic image shift occurred when popular culture picked up sumo wrestling. Finally, in the latter half of the nineteenth century, sumo wrestling turned into a "sport" while still retaining uncanny elements in its conduct. Thus, this paper concludes that religious institutions tamed sumo wrestling's classical uncanniness; at the same time, new conduct secured the integration of uncanny elements within modern sumo wrestling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Religion in Japan is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Castiglioni, Andrea

المصدر: Journal of Religion in Japan; 2023, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p33-71, 39p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, TAXIDERMY, SEXUAL excitement, MODERNITY, FRAMES (Social sciences)

مصطلحات جغرافية: JAPAN

مستخلص: This article explores the history of a marine zoo-anthropomorphic hybrid, the human-fish (ningyo), within the socioreligious mindscape of Japan from the second half of the seventeenth to the end of the nineteenth century. Because of the interspecific anatomy attributed to them, ningyo have always been addressed from heterogeneous perspectives (religious, literary, political, erotic, scientific) and have thus been subject to continuous hermeneutic oscillations between the fringes and the centers of human/nonhuman networks. Focusing on this bidirectional process, the present study aims to shed light on the phenomenon of the ningyo , taking into account the material culture (taxidermic items, printed talismans), practices (sideshows, public exhibitions), and social actors (itinerant ritualists, scientists, politicians) that conceptually informed and anatomically reified this liminal marine creature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Religion in Japan is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Watanabe, Chika

المصدر: East Asian Science, Technology & Medicine; 2023, Vol. 55 Issue 1/2, p204-207, 4p

مصطلحات موضوعية: EFFECT of earthquakes on buildings, JAPANESE people, SENDAI Earthquake, Japan, 2011, PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience, EARTHQUAKES, SCHOOL children

مصطلحات جغرافية: JAPAN

مستخلص: "Earthquake Children: Building Resilience from the Ruins of Tokyo" by Janet Borland is a well-researched and captivating account of the experiences of children and primary schools during and after the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923 in Tokyo. The book aims to shed light on first-hand accounts of children during the earthquake, examine the role of children and schools in disaster preparedness strategies in Japan, and challenge the notion that Japanese people have always been calm in the face of disasters. The book provides a historical grounding for disaster scholarship and explores the connections between disaster education, moral education, and visions of a good future. While the book could have delved deeper into the concept of resilience and the power dynamics behind reconstruction efforts, it is informative, captivating, and a valuable resource for researchers interested in the history of Japan, disaster studies, and childhood studies. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of East Asian Science, Technology & Medicine is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Zhang, Yun

المصدر: Hague Journal of Diplomacy; 2022, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p643-653, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DIPLOMACY, POLITICAL communication, INTERNATIONAL relations, CIVIL society, CHINA-Japan relations

مصطلحات جغرافية: CHINA, JAPAN

مستخلص: Summary: In most of the scholarship on diplomacy, whether historical or contemporary, the governmental elite-based perspective has consistently dominated. The societisation of diplomacy is the process of legitimisation of foreign policy deliberations between state and society, both domestically and internationally. This article argues that there are two types of societisation: internal and external. It defines the former as a dynamic political communication process comprising diplomatic policy deliberation and legitimisation between state and society in a domestic context. The internal dimension is yet to receive sufficient academic and practical attention. This article fills the gap in the literature on the internal societisation of diplomacy through an empirical case study of Japan's diplomacy towards China. It shows that the unsuccessful internal societisation of diplomacy has had moderating effects on Japan's diplomacy towards China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Hague Journal of Diplomacy is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Rambelli, Fabio

المصدر: Journal of Religion in Japan; 2023, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p73-79, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SHRINES, RELIGION & politics, FUKUSHIMA Nuclear Accident, Fukushima, Japan, 2011

مستخلص: Mullins writes that right-wing authors and activists are increasingly disgruntled with the last three emperors' public statements about Japan's war responsibility, their stance on the current constitution (especially the provisions against war), and their distance from Yasukuni Shrine. Mullins defines Shinto nationalism as a discourse promoting the centrality of Shinto-associated practices in Japanese culture and the need to restore them in the public life of the Japanese. They have been not only pursuing a neo-Shinto agenda as discussed in Mullins's book, but have also been courting members of new religions of all kinds, including the Korean Unification Church (currently known as The Family Federation for World Peace and Unification), the details of which are becoming increasingly publicly available since the assassination of former prime minister Abe Shinzo in 2022. Mullins then traces an ideal line connecting (1) imperialist secularization to (2) Shinto responses to the Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) (Chapter 2) and the accompanying religious policies. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of Journal of Religion in Japan is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Ruppert, Brian

المصدر: Journal of Religion in Japan; 2023, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p80-85, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: BUDDHISTS, IMAGINATION, BUDDHISM, WORLD maps, BUDDHIST monks, ASTRONOMICAL models, TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868, HERMENEUTICS

Reviews & Products: JAPANESE Buddhist World Map: Religious Vision & the Cartographic Imagination, The (Book)

مستخلص: Chapter 5 turns to the first woodblock-printed Japanese Buddhist world map, which was produced in 1709 - the same year as the second of the two maps discussed in Chapter 4 - and created by a prominent monk of the era, Hotan (1659-1738). Moerman does allude, particularly in Chapter 2, to the specific concerns of Nara monks, but does not, in my view, sufficiently address the vast gulf between the very genres of these maps and their sources, respectively, in competing institutions. The earliest Buddhist maps created in Japan were often inscribed with the movement of the well-known traveler-monk Xuanzang (600-664), who was also historically influential both as an importer-cum-translator of vast quantities of sutras and as a progenitor of what came to be called the Faxiang (Jp. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of Journal of Religion in Japan is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)