المؤلفون: Marcel E. Moran

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Process (engineering), Community organization, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Transport, Public policy, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Operator (computer programming), 0502 economics and business, Regional science, Micromobility, Set (psychology), Digitization, HE1-9990, 050210 logistics & transportation, Transportation planning, TA1001-1280, 05 social sciences, Right of way, 021107 urban & regional planning, Dockless, e-Scooters, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, Business, Transportation and communications, Bikesharing

الوصف: A prominent question in transportation planning is how cities should regulate emerging modes, such as shared bikes and e-scooters. This pertains to a range of attributes, including pricing, use of the public right of way, number of vehicles in a fleet, and vehicle speeds. However, less attention has been paid to the way private operators spatially constrain access to their fleets, such as via the use of virtual geographic boundaries (hereafter “geofences”), or how municipalities have regulated these features. San Francisco, given it is home to a number of these schemes, presents a compelling case for studying geofences, and how regulators have sought to influence them to further public policy goals, including spatial equity. This study analyzes each bike and e-scooter geofence in San Francisco longitudinally from 2017 to 2019 via manual digitization of all geofences. This reveals high levels of overlap in the city’s dense northeast quadrant, with limited to no coverage in western neighborhoods. Each operator’s geofence expanded over this period, filling in gaps in the northeast quadrant and expanding outward in each direction. Review of permit guidelines and applications submitted by operators indicate that San Francisco’s regulations for geofences have been limited and inconsistent, which may have contributed to the concentration of services in one section of the city, as well as disconnected geofence “islands.” Together, these observations demonstrate that if broad geofence coverage (i.e., spatial equity) is an explicit municipal goal, such an aim must prominently feature into the regulatory process. This is particularly important given that operators, if left with freedom over geofence design, are likely to emphasize only a city’s densest areas, especially if tight caps are set on the allowed number of vehicles. Finally, this case also exemplifies that geofences are not drawn in a vacuum but instead relate to other permit conditions as well as pressure from community organizations.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::24d07c7e2ea5e94847279008cffeef64
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2021.1816

المؤلفون: Sander Lenferink, Marijn van Geet, Tim Busscher, Jos Arts

المساهمون: Urban and Regional Studies Institute

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, 14, 1, pp. 125-149
Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2021)
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 14(1), 125-149. UNIV MINNESOTA, CENTER TRANSPORTATION STUDIES
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 14, 125-149

مصطلحات موضوعية: land use transport integration, Horizontal and vertical, Process (engineering), Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, interaction, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Structuring, 0502 economics and business, Regional science, HE1-9990, Structure (mathematical logic), 050210 logistics & transportation, Government, Transportation planning, TA1001-1280, policy instruments, Land use, 05 social sciences, 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, Action (philosophy), Business, Transportation and communications, Institute for Management Research, policy integration, resource transfer

الوصف: Governments have widely established policy goals, which span the domains of land use and transport. Despite these integrated ambitions, government action often remains fragmented. This study adopts an instrumental perspective to encourage land-use and transport integration (LUTI). So far, the existing literature on this subject has adopted a single-instrument perspective and has been primarily focused on technical, rather than governance-oriented, instruments. Using a comprehensive analytical framework derived from combining policy integration and policy instrument theory, this in-depth multiple case study of the Dutch provinces of Friesland, Overijssel and North Brabant investigates how governments use a mix of policy instruments throughout the policy process to achieve LUTI in collaboration with municipalities. These instruments are compared based on how they structure interaction — i.e., the transfer of resources — across horizontal and vertical boundaries. The study finds that there is not one right tool to achieve LUTI. Instead, it is about finding the right mix of instruments, which, in line with LUTI goals, helps overcome government fragmentation by structuring interaction patterns across horizontal and vertical boundaries. Interestingly, each province adopts a unique mix of instruments that reflects a specific approach, typical to the case.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c511be2be06f193c3995159a06271cd4
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2021.1710

المؤلفون: Chenglin Qin, Zhenhua Chen, Zhaohui Chong

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 12, Iss 1 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 050210 logistics & transportation, TA1001-1280, Process (engineering), HSR network, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Perspective (graphical), Transportation, Connectivity improvement, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, Econometric model, Spillover effect, Urban economic growth, 0502 economics and business, Regional science, Economics, Endogeneity, 050207 economics, Spatial dependence, China, Centrality, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990

الوصف: This paper evaluates the economic benefits of high-speed rail (HSR) in China, with a focus on the connectivity change resulting from HSR development. The effect of HSR, measured in degree centrality, is assessed using a spatial econometric modeling technique based on a panel dataset that covers 268 Chinese cities from 2008-2015. To provide a robust assessment, statistical issues including heterogeneous effects, endogeneity, and spatial dependence are addressed simultaneously in the spatial panel modeling process. Our empirical results confirm that connectivity improvement brought by HSR plays a vital role in facilitating economic growth. Specifically, the contribution of HSR to urban economic growth is found to be 0.11, most of which comes from a local effect rather than a spillover effect. Overall, the research findings suggest that urban economic growth can benefit from the development of HSR.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2ab0e88ffe9446d41759aa70b3365193
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2019.1264

المؤلفون: John Douglas Hunt, Haixiao Pan, Wanle Wang, Ming Zhong, Jianzhong Li, Tao Chen, Wei Yang, Ke Zhang

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 11, Iss 1 (2018)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mainland China, PECAS model, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Developing country, challenges, Transportation, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Developing countries, Urbanization, 0502 economics and business, Regional science, China, mitigating solutions, HE1-9990, 050210 logistics & transportation, TA1001-1280, Land use, Car ownership, 05 social sciences, 021107 urban & regional planning, Policy analysis, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, ILUTM, Business, Transportation and communications

الوصف: Massive construction of transportation infrastructure and fast growth of private car ownership have brought unprecedented changes in land use and transportation systems to cities and regions in many developing countries. Traditional “four-step” travel demand models, which are not designed to assess transport policies under the case of rapid land-use change, cannot be used to achieve coordinated planning of transport and land use. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop and use integrated land-use transport models (ILUTMs), which consider interactions among socioeconomic activities, urban land use, and transportation development, for policy analysis and for guiding the progressive urbanization process taking place in many parts of these countries. In light of this, efforts have been invested in developing production, exchange, and consumption allocation system (PECAS) models for the cities of Shanghai, Wuhan, and Guangzhou in mainland China. This paper presents the cultural, organizational, and technical challenges encountered in the development of PECAS models for the cities of Shanghai, Wuhan, and Guangzhou and the mitigating solutions from the development teams for taking up or working around them. The solutions and discussions presented in this paper should be interesting to researchers and practitioners for developing ILUTMs in the context of a developing country like China.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c168b9af6f51616176cc8817cea72d7a
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2018.1329

المؤلفون: Na Chen, Gulsah Akar

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2016)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Path Analysis, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Transport engineering, 0502 economics and business, Regional science, Cluster Analysis, Built Environment, Path analysis (statistics), Built environment, HE1-9990, 050210 logistics & transportation, TA1001-1280, Spatial mismatch, Land use, 05 social sciences, 021107 urban & regional planning, Accessibility, Disadvantaged, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, Geography, Travel survey, Traffic congestion, Capability approach, Transport Exclusion, Transportation and communications, Activity Space

الوصف: Since the early 2000s, accessibility-based planning has been increasingly used to mitigate urban problems (e.g., traffic congestion and spatial mismatch) from a sustainable perspective. In particular, the concept of accessibility has been applied to investigate transport exclusion in many studies. However, few of them shed light on the effects of socio-demographics (e.g., income and gender) and the built environment (e.g., density) on accessibility at the individual level as a measure of transport exclusion. This study measures individual accessibility as the opportunities available per square mile within individual daily activity space for evaluating transport exclusion status based on the Capability Approach. Using data from the 2012 Northeast Ohio Regional Travel Survey and two opportunity sets (land uses and jobs), we calculate individual accessibility and compare them across three income groups. The comparisons report that low-income people are not disadvantaged in our study region. Path models are estimated to examine the relationships between socio-demographics, built environment, trip characteristics, and individual accessibility. We apply K-means cluster analysis to construct seven neighborhood types for the built environment. The results indicate that the effect of income on accessibility varies by opportunity types and living in urbanized neighborhoods increases people’s accessibility after controlling for other characteristics.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d25c6e7904d6fb01c096da4786776cef
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2016.861

المؤلفون: Jos Arts, David Levinson

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2016)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ninth, 050210 logistics & transportation, TA1001-1280, History, Land use, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Spatial design, 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Field (geography), Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, 0502 economics and business, Regional science, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990, Volume (compression)

الوصف: With this issue, the Journal of Transport and Land Use enters its ninth volume (and many articles from volume 10 can be found online under Forthcoming). Since our last update (Levinson 2013), JTLU has continued to grow and expand. Many of the articles in the issues in this and next volume were selected from papers presented at the 2014 World Symposium on Transport Land Use Research in Delft. We look forward to many more years of continued research and publication in this field.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7fbb700378c88569865dcbd6fceb5080
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2016.883

المؤلفون: Marcin Stępniak, Piotr Rosik

المصدر: Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol 9, Iss 3 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 050210 logistics & transportation, TA1001-1280, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Transport network, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Destinations, Big push model, territorial cohesion, Transportation engineering, Urban Studies, Transport engineering, road network development, Political science, 0502 economics and business, potential accessibility, Cohesion (geology), Regional science, Spatial ecology, Poland, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990

الوصف: During the last decade, Poland has experienced a big push in road network development. As a result, the fundamentals of the modern road network have been established. This paper aims to recognize the consequences of changes in accessibility for territorial cohesion, analyzed simultaneously in national and international dimensions. The results provided show that similar spatial patterns and the overall scale of improvement in accessibility lead to entirely different impacts on the level of territorial cohesion. From the international perspective, the investments implemented have a strong positive cohesion impact, while from the national perspective a slight increase in regional polarization has been produced. Moreover, there was an adverse effect on territorial cohesion for almost 40 percent of Polish municipalities, depending on whether or not we include international destinations. The fact that analyses conducted in the national and international dimension yielded opposite results supports the presented approach of a multidimensional evaluation of transport network development.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::228621047d3c8261cd1f364cb6aae090
https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2015.570