المؤلفون: Çelik M; Department of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey., Yalçin S; Department of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2023 May 31; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 335-342. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 31.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1687-1634 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Milk, Human* , Literacy*, Infant ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Marketing ; Hospitals, University ; Delivery of Health Care

مستخلص: Background: Social media posts that violate the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes (the Code) may influence societal opinions, views, attitudes, behaviours, and beliefs about breastfeeding, including among healthcare personnel who provide services to breastfeeding women and infants.
Aims: To investigate the literacy of healthcare personnel at Ankara Hacettepe University Hospitals, Türkiye, about the Code and their selection of social media posts about breastfeeding, after completing a breastfeeding counselling course.
Methods: This study included healthcare personnel who completed 2 breastfeeding counselling courses conducted at Hacettepe University in October 2018 and July 2019. They were asked to search for breast milk and breastfeeding on their favourite social media platforms, select 2-4 posts that attracted them, and evaluate the posts to know if they were supportive of breastfeeding. The counselling course facilitators assessed their responses.
Results: Twenty-seven nurses and 40 medical doctors participated in the study; 85.0% of them were female. The participants selected 82 (34%) posts from Instagram, 22 (9.1%) from Facebook, 4 (1.7%) from YouTube, and 134 (55.2%) from other social media platforms. The most common themes of the posts were benefits of breast milk, methods of giving breast milk, and use of infant formula instead of breast milk. The contents of the media were 68.2% (n = 165) favourable and 31.0% (n = 75) unfavourable to breastfeeding. The inter-rater reliability between the participants and facilitators was almost perfect (κ coefficient 0.83).
Conclusion: Sustainable support is needed in Türkiye to increase literacy among healthcare personnel about social media posts that violate the Code, especially those working at baby-friendly hospitals and those who care for breastfeeding mothers.
(Copyright © Authors 2023; Licensee: World Health Organization. EMHJ is an open access journal. This paper is available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)

المؤلفون: Langar H; Regional Advisor, Vaccines Regulation and Production, Department of Health Systems Development, World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Dehaghi ROA; Regulatory Systems Strengthening Team, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Dellepiane N; QRB Consultants Sàrl, Switzerland.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2018 Jul 29; Vol. 24 (6), pp. 588-594. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 29.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1020-3397 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Marketing*, Poliomyelitis/*prevention & control , Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/*therapeutic use, Disease Eradication ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Mediterranean Region ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/economics

مستخلص: Background: In 2012, the World Health Assembly declared ending polio a "programmatic emergency for global public health". In response, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative developed "The Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013-2018" to address the eradication of all types of poliomyelitis.
Aims: The World Health Organization invited selected countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region to take part in a joint evaluation of the marketing authorization files of candidate standalone inactivated poliovirus vaccines (IPVs), aimed to facilitate the evaluation process and expedite the timelines for registration.
Methods: This report describes the planning, organization and execution of the joint meeting among 6 countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Results: Participants prepared a joint list of questions and concerns which was shared and discussed with the respective manufacturers on the last day of the review. Manufacturer provided answers to the questions. The questions that could not be responded to immediately by the manufacturer remained to be addressed after the meeting directly between the manufacturer and the national regulatory authoritys. A final joint evaluation report was prepared before the end of the meeting by the participating countries.
Conclusions: The report focuses on the benefits of the exercise and highlights its shortcomings as a sole strategy to secure the timely registration of the vaccine in target countries. We discuss additional aspects to be addressed to effectively accelerate registration, and hence access to priority vaccines.
(Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2018. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)

المؤلفون: Badawi MA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Wagdy E; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Nasr M; Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Etman MA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., El-Khordagui LK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Khalil SA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2014 Jan 09; Vol. 19 Suppl 3, pp. S166-71. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Jan 09.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1020-3397 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE

مستخلص: Concerns have been raised regarding the postmarketing quality of generic drugs. This study assessed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic equivalence of generic and brand atenolol tablets in 24 healthy male volunteers in a single-dose, open, randomized, two-period crossover study under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected for 24 h post dosing and assayed for atenolol using HPLC. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at baseline and throughout blood sampling. The mean plasma concentration-time curves for both products were similar. Pharmacokinetic and statistical analysis indicated bioequivalence based on the mean ratios of log-transformed Cmax and AUC values. Both products had similar time courses of pharmacodynamic activity with a significant fall in blood pressure and heart rate (maximum after ~5 h) followed by a gradual increase towards baseline. Both products were well tolerated. Both atenolol products were bioequivalent in the postmarketing setting and can be used interchangeably in clinical practice.

المؤلفون: Al-Jumaili AA; University of Baghdad College of Pharmacy, Baghdad, Iraq., Younus MM; Ministry of Health, Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center, Baghdad, Iraq., Kannan YJA; Ministry of Health, Minister's Office, Baghdad, Iraq., Nooruldeen ZE; Department of Health Systems, World Health Organization Country Office, Baghdad, Iraq., Al-Nuseirat A; Department of Health Systems, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2021 Oct 27; Vol. 27 (10), pp. 1007-1015. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1687-1634 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Drugs, Essential* , Pharmaceutical Preparations*, Drug Industry ; Humans ; Iraq ; Private Sector

مستخلص: Background: Recent information on regulation of the pharmaceutical sector in Iraq is scarce.
Aims: This report summarizes the regulations governing pharmaceutical products in Iraq, assesses the challenges faced and makes recommendations to tackle these issues.
Methods: The Iraq pharmaceutical country profile 2020, prepared by the Iraqi Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, was the main source of information.
Results: Despite all the efforts by the Ministry of Health to provide adequate and safe medicines, the Iraqi pharmaceutical sector has several challenges, including inadequate budget allocated to the ministry, shortages in essential medicines, underutilization of electronic technologies in the management of regulation-related work, a large number of substandard and falsified medications in the private sector and a stagnant national pharmaceutical industry.
Conclusion: The Ministry of Health needs more financial support from the federal government to fund its activities and technical support from international health organizations to provide training and resources.
(Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2021. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)

المؤلفون: Khoshtinat K; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Koohy-Kamaly P; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Komeili-Fanood R; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Sohrabvandi S; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Khosravi-Darani K; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Mohammadi M; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Zand-Rajabi H; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Tavakoli E; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Salehi M; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Bahramian G; Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran., Vosoughi Z; Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2021 May 27; Vol. 27 (5), pp. 452-458. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1687-1634 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Condiments* , Sugars*, Dietary Carbohydrates ; Humans ; Iran ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary

مستخلص: Background: Dietary intake of fat, salt and sugar is important for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; therefore, evaluation of these constituents in industrial packaged foods is necessary.
Aims: To compare the levels of fat, salt and sugar in mayonnaise and salad dressings commercialized in the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2017 and 2019, and to monitor compliance with standard limits.
Methods: The levels of fat, salt and sugar in 12 mayonnaise and 47 salad dressing samples collected from an Iranian market were evaluated according to the Iranian Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI) and compared between 2017 and 2019.
Results: We determined compliance with ISIRI limits and other standard targets. The salt content of mayonnaise samples significantly decreased from 2.03 (standard deviation; 0.3) g/100 g in 2017 to 1.61 (0.12) g/100 g in 2019 (P = 0.031). Total sugar level of mayonnaise samples significantly decreased from 5.97 (1.14) g/100 g in 2017 to 3.63 (0.53) g/100 g in 2019 (P = 0.005). The total sugar level of salad dressings significantly decreased from 8.97 (2.34) g/100 g in 2017 to 1.58 (2.65) g/100 g in 2019 (P = 0.039). Compliance of mayonnaise and salad dressing fat contents with ISIRI limits increased from 42.9% and 84.6% in 2017 to 100% and 90.5% in 2019, respectively. None of the mayonnaise samples met the British Food Standards Agency salt target (maximum 1.25 g/100 g) in 2017 and 2019.
Conclusions: Reformulation of these products for reduction of salt and sugar content is necessary.
(Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2021. Open Access. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)

المؤلفون: Al-Ghannami S; Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Al-Shammakhi S; Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Al Jawaldeh A; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Al-Mamari F; Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Al Gammaria I; Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Al-Aamry J; Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Mabry R; World Health Organization Representative Office, Muscat, Oman.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2019 Nov 25; Vol. 25 (11), pp. 820-827. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1687-1634 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Beverages/*economics , Food/*economics , Marketing/*methods , Mass Media/*statistics & numerical data , Schools/*statistics & numerical data, Child ; Humans ; Marketing/statistics & numerical data ; Oman ; Snacks

مستخلص: Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Half of the Region's adult women (50.1%) and more than two in five men (43.8%) are overweight or obese, and 6.9% of children aged under five years in the Region are already overweight, which is higher than the global average of 6.2%.
Aims: This rapid assessment aimed to examine marketing techniques of foods and non-alcoholic beverages targeting children and assessed implementation of food restrictions in schools as part of the national effort to address obesity in Oman.
Methods: Trained reviewers assessed Arabic TV satellite stations, local radio and print media, a random sample of schools, and a convenience sample of grocery stores, cafes and convenience stores between November 2015 and October 2016.
Results: A majority of TV advertisements (71%) were for follow-up milk formula and used a variety of methods to attract children. A large portion of radio advertisements (44%) were for savoury snacks; all included children and used sounds/words to attract children. Few print media advertisements promoted snacks; however, a large majority of the sugary snack advertisements (13% of print media) used pictures/words and incentives (awards) to attract children. In schools, most beverages purchased by children had added sugars.
Conclusions: Establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework under the national Child Law and the Convention of the Rights of the Child should be complemented by systematic monitoring of their impact on child health, and increasing food and beverage literacy among principals, teachers, canteen managers and the wider community.
(Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2019. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)

المؤلفون: Shrestha BD; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Ali M; Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Mahaini R; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Gholbzouri K; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.

المصدر: Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2019 Mar 19; Vol. 25 (2), pp. 127-133. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization Country of Publication: Egypt NLM ID: 9608387 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1687-1634 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10203397 NLM ISO Abbreviation: East Mediterr Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Family Planning Policy* , Family Planning Services*/organization & administration, World Health Organization/*organization & administration, Humans ; Mediterranean Region ; Middle East

مستخلص: Background: Family planning (FP) is a cost-effective public health and development intervention. Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), has one of the lowest contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) and high unmet need for family planning.
Aims: The aim of this review is to assist Member States in highlighting those areas that need strengthening to improve quality of FP services in information and commodity supplies.
Methods: A structured questionnaire focusing on FP services was sent to 22 Member States of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region between August and December, 2015. Sixteen (73%) countries responded.
Results: Family planning services are part of the basic health benefits package and are delivered at hospitals, primary healthcare centres and outreach clinics to all women regardless of their ability to pay in the majority of Member States. In 16 Member States the family planning/birth spacing (FP/BS) counselling and FP methods are provided by general practitioner/ family doctor, nurses and midwives. In many Member States the services are integrated with child health, STI and HIV services. In 16 Member States FP/BS is part of the pre- and in-service training programmes for all cadres of healthcare providers. FP/BS is actively promoted through effective social marketing of FP/BS methods in two thirds of Member States.
Conclusions: The findings of the survey indicate that national policies and programmes endorse FP to achieve national targets. Despite progress in many areas in FP services, many countries still struggle with weak implementation of FP programmes. There are also policy gaps for key vulnerable groups including the poor, the disabled and adolescents. This review highlighted policy and programmatic gaps required to strengthen those FP services that can help improve maternal and infant health outcomes. Special programmes for adolescents, refugees and persons with disabilities need to be streamlined and strengthened.
(Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2019. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)