المؤلفون: Zheng Z; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China., Lin X; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China., Huang Y; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China. gzcdc_huangy@gz.gov.cn.; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China. gzcdc_huangy@gz.gov.cn., Zhang C; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China. gzcdc_zhangch@gz.gov.cn., Zhang Z; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China.; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jun 11; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 13370. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 11.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Hepatitis B*/epidemiology, Humans ; China/epidemiology ; Female ; Male ; Incidence ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Infant ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Infant, Newborn ; Aged ; Age Factors ; Cohort Effect ; Hepatitis B virus ; Risk Factors

مستخلص: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly prevalent in Guangzhou, China. This study aimed to examine the long-term trend of HB incidence from 2008 to 2022 and the independent impacts of age, period, and cohort on the trends. HBV data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Joinpoint regression was utilized to examine temporal trends, and an age-period-cohort model was employed to estimate the effects of age, period, and cohort. A total of 327,585 HBV cases were included in this study. The incidence of chronic and acute HB showed a decreasing trend in Guangzhou over the past 15 years, with an average annual percent change of - 4.31% and - 16.87%, respectively. Age, period, and cohort all exerted significant effects. The incidence of HB was higher in males than in females and non-central areas compared to central areas. Age groups of 0-4 years and 15-24 years were identified as high-risk groups. The period relative risks for chronic HB incidence decreased initially and then stabilized. Cohorts born later had lower risks. Chronic HB incidences remain high in Guangzhou, especially among males, younger individuals, and residents of non-central areas. More efforts are still needed to achieve hepatitis elimination targets.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Sayed HA; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. HAAhmmad@science.zu.edu.eg., Abouzeid MY; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Jul 07; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 11013. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 07.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Peristalsis* , Hot Temperature*, Viscosity ; Entropy ; Cohort Effect

مستخلص: To examine the peristaltic motion of a Newtonian fluid through an axisymmetric tube, many writers assume that viscosity is either a constant or a radius exponential function in Stokes' equations. In this study, viscosity is predicated on both the radius and the axial coordinate. The peristaltic transport of a Newtonian nanofluid with radially varying viscosity and entropy generation has been studied. Under the long-wavelength assumption, fluid flows through a porous media between co-axial tubes, with heat transfer. The inner tube is uniform, while the outer tube is flexible and has a sinusoidal wave travelling down its wall. The momentum equation is solved exactly, and the energy and nanoparticle concentration equations are solved using the homotopy perturbation technique. Furthermore, entropy generation is obtained. The numerical results for the behaviours of velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration, as well as the Nusselt number and Sherwood number with physical problem parameters, are obtained and graphically depicted. It is discovered that as the values of the viscosity parameter and the Prandtl number rise, so does the value of the axial velocity. Temperature values decrease as the wave amplitude and radiation parameter increase. Furthermore, at high values of the dependent viscosity parameter, the fluid nanoparticle gains more active energy and can move more freely, which is the main idea behind crude oil refinement. This physical modelling is essential for some physiological flows, such as the flow of stomach juice during the insertion of an endoscope.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Li H; Department of Medicine, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China., Shi Y; Department of Pediatrics, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China., Ahmed Z; School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Khan A; Department of Nutrition and Health Promotion, University of Home Economics, Lahore, Pakistan., Xu K; Department of Pediatrics, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China., Yin X; Department of Pediatrics, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China., Nawsherwan; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. nawshermkd177@gmail.com.; Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. nawshermkd177@gmail.com., Zhang H; Department of Pediatrics, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China. hzhang926@163.com.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2022 Dec 29; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 22558. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Premature Birth*/epidemiology , Premature Birth*/etiology , Perinatal Death* , Infant, Newborn, Diseases*, Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Fetal Distress ; Cohort Effect ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology

مستخلص: The increasing trend in the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes is a public health concern globally as well as in China. However, the causes of the increasing trend are not well understood. The present tertiary-hospital-based retrospective study (2011-2019) aims to determine the secular trends and age-period-cohort effect on adverse perinatal outcomes in Hubei, China. The age-standardized incidence rates of adverse perinatal outcomes significantly decreased such as preterm births by 22% [AAPC - 3.4% (95% CI - 7.8, - 1.2)], low birth weight (LBW) by 28.5% [AAPC - 4.7% (95% CI - 6.0, - 3.3)], and fetal distress by 64.2% [AAPC - 14.0% (95% CI - 17.8, - 10.0)] during 2011-2019. Both extremes of maternal age groups (18-20 years and 42-44 years) had a higher risk ratio for adverse perinatal outcomes including preterm birth, perinatal mortality, LBW, low ponderal index (LPI), low Apgar score, and congenital defect compared to the reference age group (30-32 years). A higher risk ratio for perinatal mortality, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and fetal distress and a lower risk ratio for preterm births and LBW were observed in the period 2017-2019. Both the young cohort (1997-1999) and the old cohort (1976-1969) had a higher risk ratio for preterm birth, perinatal mortality, macrosomia, and congenital defect compared to the reference cohort (1982-1984). In conclusion, some of the adverse perinatal outcomes incidence significantly decreased in the last 9 years in Hubei. However, extremes of maternal age groups and both young and old cohorts were associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, perinatal mortality, and congenital defect.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Gbaguidi B; Inserm, CIC-1433 Clinical Epidemiology, CHRU de Nancy, University of Lorraine, 9 Allée du Morvan, 54505, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France., Guillemin F; Inserm, CIC-1433 Clinical Epidemiology, CHRU de Nancy, University of Lorraine, 9 Allée du Morvan, 54505, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France., Soudant M; Inserm, CIC-1433 Clinical Epidemiology, CHRU de Nancy, University of Lorraine, 9 Allée du Morvan, 54505, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France., Debouverie M; Département of Neurology, CHRU de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000, Nancy, France., Mathey G; Département of Neurology, CHRU de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000, Nancy, France., Epstein J; Inserm, CIC-1433 Clinical Epidemiology, CHRU de Nancy, University of Lorraine, 9 Allée du Morvan, 54505, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. j.epstein@chru-nancy.fr.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2022 Jan 19; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 1001. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Age of Onset*, Multiple Sclerosis/*epidemiology, Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Effect ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; France/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Sex Factors

مستخلص: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. An increase in MS incidence over time is reported in several regions of the world. We aimed to describe the evolution of the annual MS incidence in the Lorraine region, France, from 1996 to 2015 and to analyze potential components of a possible change by a temporal effect of age at MS onset, MS onset period, and birth cohort, overall and for each sex. Cases were identified from ReLSEP, a population-based registry of MS cases living in Lorraine, northeastern France, with MS onset between 1996 and 2015. Age-period-cohort modeling was used to describe trends in MS incidence. Annual age- and sex-standardized incidences were relatively stable: 6.76/100 000 population (95%CI [5.76-7.91]) in 1996 and 6.78/100 000 (95%CI [5.72-7.97]) in 2015. The incidence ratio between women and men was 2.4. For all time periods, the peak incidence occurred between ages 25 and 35 years. Age-period-adjusted cohort and age-cohort-adjusted period analyses did not reveal a period or cohort effect. The incidence of MS remained stable over the study period in Lorraine, and we could not identify any particular effect of disease onset period or birth period on this evolution.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Castro-Porras LV; Policies, Population and Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico., Rojas-Martínez R; Reproductive Health Department, Center for Population Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico City, Mexico., Aguilar-Salinas CA; Metabolic Diseases Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.; Tec Salud, Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México., Bello-Chavolla OY; Division of Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico., Becerril-Gutierrez C; Environmental Health Department, Center for Population Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Fray Pedro de Gante # 12, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico., Escamilla-Nuñez C; Environmental Health Department, Center for Population Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Fray Pedro de Gante # 12, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico. mescamilla@insp.mx.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2021 Sep 02; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 17553. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Hypertension/*mortality, Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cohort Effect ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/pathology ; Male ; Mexico/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Mortality/trends ; Risk Factors ; Sex Characteristics ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Arterial hypertension is a major global health problem. It is the main risk factor for preventable death and the leading cause of premature death in the world. This study aims to describe the changes in hypertension-related mortality in Mexico between 1998 and 2018. Using death certificates and national population public data sets, a total of 335,863 deaths due to hypertension were found in Mexico, disaggregated by sex and age, during the time period covered in this study. An age-period-cohort analysis was conducted to show trends in hypertension mortality rates. Mortality due to hypertension in Mexico affects more women than men. In the most recent cohorts, the risk of dying from hypertension is two times higher in men compared to women. Hypertensive kidney disease is found to be the main underlying cause, with an average increase throughout the period studied. Our results indicate that mortality rates due to hypertension continue to grow and point to an alarming trend of mortality shifting towards younger ages, with sex-based disparities in absolute numbers and in changing trends.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Bittinger K; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. bittingerk@email.chop.edu., Zhao C; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Li Y; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Ford E; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Friedman ES; Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Ni J; Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Kulkarni CV; Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Cai J; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Tian Y; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Liu Q; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Patterson AD; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Sarkar D; Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Chan SHJ; Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Maranas C; Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Saha-Shah A; Epigenetics Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Lund P; Epigenetics Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Garcia BA; Epigenetics Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Mattei LM; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Gerber JS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Elovitz MA; Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Kelly A; Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., DeRusso P; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Kim D; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Hofstaedter CE; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Goulian M; Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Li H; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Bushman FD; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Zemel BS; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. zemel@email.chop.edu., Wu GD; Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. gdwu@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

المصدر: Nature microbiology [Nat Microbiol] 2020 Jun; Vol. 5 (6), pp. 838-847. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101674869 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2058-5276 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20585276 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Bacteria*/classification , Bacteria*/genetics , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*, Cohort Effect ; Computational Biology/methods ; Feces/microbiology ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics/methods ; Metagenomics/methods ; Phylogeny ; Proteomics/methods

مستخلص: Initial microbial colonization and later succession in the gut of human infants are linked to health and disease later in life. The timing of the appearance of the first gut microbiome, and the consequences for the early life metabolome, are just starting to be defined. Here, we evaluated the gut microbiome, proteome and metabolome in 88 African-American newborns using faecal samples collected in the first few days of life. Gut bacteria became detectable using molecular methods by 16 h after birth. Detailed analysis of the three most common species, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides vulgatus, did not suggest a genomic signature for neonatal gut colonization. The appearance of bacteria was associated with reduced abundance of approximately 50 human proteins, decreased levels of free amino acids and an increase in products of bacterial fermentation, including acetate and succinate. Using flux balance modelling and in vitro experiments, we provide evidence that fermentation of amino acids provides a mechanism for the initial growth of E. coli, the most common early colonizer, under anaerobic conditions. These results provide a deep characterization of the first microbes in the human gut and show how the biochemical environment is altered by their appearance.

المؤلفون: Diaz MDP; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Estadística y Bioestadística, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Bv. de la Reforma, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Argentina., Icaza G; Instituto de Matemática y Física, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.; Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Avenida Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile., Nuñez L; Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Avenida Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile.; Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile., Pou SA; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Estadística y Bioestadística, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Bv. de la Reforma, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Argentina. pousonia@conicet.gov.ar.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2020 Jan 30; Vol. 10 (1), pp. 1526. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Stomach Neoplasms/*epidemiology , Stomach Neoplasms/*mortality, Adult ; Age Distribution ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Argentina/epidemiology ; Chile/epidemiology ; Cohort Effect ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach/pathology

مستخلص: Although Argentina and Chile are neighboring countries, gastric cancer (GC) is the first cancer death cause in the Chilean male population, while it is ranked in fifth place for Argentinean males. This study is the first to identify the differential time-patterns associated with the age-period-cohort effects for the last few decades (1990-2015) in these Southern Cone countries. Trends of age-standardized truncated mortality rates (ASMR) for GC were analyzed using log-linear Poisson age-period-cohort models, including cubic splines for each component. The ASMR trends for GC decreased in both sexes but more considerably in Chile and more favorably for males (annual percentage changes 2002-2015 = -3.5, 95%CI: -3.9 to -3.1). Moreover, GC age-specific mortality rates were noticeably higher in Chile. A favorable decreasing mortality risk throughout the periods (from 2000) and by cohort was observed for both countries; however, the risk reduction has stabilized in younger female cohorts since 1950-cohort. In conclusion, overall favorable decreasing trends for GC mortality were found; however, when age-period-cohort effects were disentangled, Chile and younger female cohorts showed a more unfavorable scenario. Obesity, lifestyles, and environmental conditions (like altitude) may explain country differences. This analytical approach may be a valuable tool to be replicated in other countries with no population-based cancer registries and acceptable mortality data quality.

المؤلفون: Li J; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Na L; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Ma H; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Zhang Z; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Li T; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Lin L; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Li Q; Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China., Sun C; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine., Li Y; TheDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, and the Department of Internal Medicine.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2015 Sep 03; Vol. 5, pp. 13792. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Sep 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Cognition*, Cognition Disorders/*epidemiology , Maternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data , Paternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology , Starvation/*epidemiology, Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Causality ; Child ; China/epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders/physiopathology ; Cohort Effect ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; Starvation/physiopathology ; Young Adult

مستخلص: The effects of prenatal nutrition on adult cognitive function have been reported for one generation. However, human evidence for multigenerational effects is lacking. We examined whether prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959-61 affects adult cognitive function in two consecutive generations. In this retrospective family cohort study, we investigated 1062 families consisting of 2124 parents and 1215 offspring. We assessed parental and offspring cognitive performance by means of a comprehensive test battery. Generalized linear regression model analysis in the parental generation showed that prenatal exposure to famine was associated with a 8.1 (95% CI 5.8 to 10.4) second increase in trail making test part A, a 7.0 (1.5 to 12.5) second increase in trail making test part B, and a 5.5 (-7.3 to -3.7) score decrease in the Stroop color-word test in adulthood, after adjustment for potential confounders. In the offspring generation, linear mixed model analysis found no significant association between parental prenatal exposure to famine and offspring cognitive function in adulthood after adjustment for potential confounders. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to severe malnutrition is negatively associated with visual- motor skill, mental flexibility, and selective attention in adulthood. However, these associations are limited to only one generation.

المؤلفون: Mishra GD; University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. g.mishra@uq.edu.au, McNaughton SA, Ball K, Brown WJ, Giles GG, Dobson AJ

المصدر: European journal of clinical nutrition [Eur J Clin Nutr] 2010 Oct; Vol. 64 (10), pp. 1125-33. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Aug 04.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8804070 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-5640 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09543007 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Clin Nutr Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Aging* , Diet* , Health Behavior* , Women's Health*, Adult ; Australia ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Effect ; Female ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Middle Aged ; Principal Component Analysis ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health

مستخلص: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the major dietary patterns of two age cohorts of women, to determine to the extent to which the dietary patterns differ between the cohorts and to assess whether they vary according to sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics and patterns of nutrient intake.
Method: Dietary intake was assessed using an 80-item food frequency questionnaire for women aged 50-55 years (n=10 150; 'middle age') in 2001 and aged 25-30 years (n=7371; 'young') in 2003, from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Factor analysis using principal component extraction was used to identify dietary patterns, and a pattern score was calculated from the consumption of the food items identified with each dietary pattern. Associations between the dietary pattern scores and sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics and nutrient intakes were investigated using regression analysis.
Results: Six dietary patterns were identified and were labelled: cooked vegetables; fruit; Mediterranean-style; processed meat, meat and takeaway; reduced fat dairy; and high-fat and sugar foods. Regression analysis revealed that healthier dietary patterns were significantly associated with other favourable health-related behaviours, higher socioeconomic status and living in urban areas (P-values <0.05).
Conclusions: In spite of differences in the level of consumption of individual food items, the similarity in dietary patterns across two generations of women suggests that policies and interventions to improve diet should focus on social and economic factors and general health-related behaviour rather than different age groups.

المؤلفون: Qiang Li, Hao Ma, Ying Li, Lixin Na, Liqun Lin, Jie Li, Tianjiao Li, Changhao Sun, Zhe Zhang

المصدر: Scientific Reports

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Gerontology, China, Adolescent, Offspring, Trail Making Test, Comorbidity, Article, Young Adult, Age Distribution, Cognition, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Cohort Effect, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Sex Distribution, Young adult, Child, Multidisciplinary, Prenatal nutrition, business.industry, Cognitive flexibility, Middle Aged, Causality, Paternal Exposure, Cohort effect, Maternal Exposure, Starvation, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Female, Cognition Disorders, business, Demography

الوصف: The effects of prenatal nutrition on adult cognitive function have been reported for one generation. However, human evidence for multigenerational effects is lacking. We examined whether prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–61 affects adult cognitive function in two consecutive generations. In this retrospective family cohort study, we investigated 1062 families consisting of 2124 parents and 1215 offspring. We assessed parental and offspring cognitive performance by means of a comprehensive test battery. Generalized linear regression model analysis in the parental generation showed that prenatal exposure to famine was associated with a 8.1 (95% CI 5.8 to 10.4) second increase in trail making test part A, a 7.0 (1.5 to 12.5) second increase in trail making test part B and a 5.5 (−7.3 to −3.7) score decrease in the Stroop color-word test in adulthood, after adjustment for potential confounders. In the offspring generation, linear mixed model analysis found no significant association between parental prenatal exposure to famine and offspring cognitive function in adulthood after adjustment for potential confounders. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to severe malnutrition is negatively associated with visual- motor skill, mental flexibility and selective attention in adulthood. However, these associations are limited to only one generation.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a0bd14c3bb5549d7d106a823fb66bd7d