المؤلفون: Orchakova, Larisa, Smirnova, Yulia, Tokareva, Elena

المصدر: Public Organization Review; Jun2024, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p553-571, 19p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COMMUNITY services, COMMUNITY organization, SOCIAL services, SOCIAL support, TWENTIETH century

مصطلحات جغرافية: RUSSIA

مستخلص: Social work and religion are closely linked by historical ties and roots. In virtually the entire known world, social support for the needy was inspired by religious and spiritual ideas and dogmas. This did not pass for the Russian state in different periods of its political structure, which has its own national specifics. The paper provides rationale for the continuity of community service as a manifestation of advanced Russian political and philosophical ideas of 19th − 20th centuries. The study showed a more than twofold increase in the number of volunteers in all community-based organizations over the analyzed period of 2012–2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Santiago, Luis E., Forero-Montaña, Jimena, Ackerman, Elvia J. Meléndez

المصدر: Environmental Management; May2024, Vol. 73 Issue 5, p920-931, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ENVIRONMENTAL organizations, SOCIAL acceptance, LOGGING, SUSTAINABLE forestry, COMMUNITY organization, BIODIVERSITY conservation, FORESTS & forestry, VIRTUAL communities

مصطلحات جغرافية: PUERTO Rico

مستخلص: Social acceptability of forestry practices plays a key role in defining sustainable forestry policies and strategies. In this study an online survey was distributed among members of environmental, non-governmental, professional, and academic organizations to assess the acceptability of forestry practices in Puerto Rico among members of civic society interested in environmental management issues. Participants were asked about their perception of forest uses, their preference of tree harvesting technologies, methods that may apply in small scale wood production settings, and trust in organizations providing forest information. We also inquired about attitudes towards economic activity in forests and the impact of such activity on recreation and biodiversity. The results show that even though participants do not place a high priority on economic development through forestry activities, acceptance of forest management for wood harvesting will be possible by considering adherence to particular forestry technologies and methods to safeguard current recreation activities and biodiversity conservation. Social acceptability information would be worthwhile when seeking consensus among a broader group of local stakeholders. As a next step we suggest the creation of a council constituted by diverse forestry sector stakeholders that would engage in a strategic planning exercise to delineate a clear road map that can guide short and long-term sustainable forest management, including wood industry development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Bakal, Michael, Einbinder, Nathan

المصدر: NPJ Climate Action; 4/25/2024, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p1-6, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CLIMATE change mitigation, ACTIVE learning, CLIMATE change, COMMUNITY organization, LEARNING communities, INDIGENOUS children

مصطلحات جغرافية: GUATEMALA, CENTRAL America

مستخلص: This article considers the possibilities and limits of reimagining international development policy by taking the values, practices, and worldviews of Indigenous communities as its starting point. Drawing on ethnographic research in Guatemala, we contrast the development industry's overwhelming focus on economic growth as the gold standard of well-being with the perspective of Maya-Achí groups, who insist that growth and modernization must not come at the expense of the ecology, food sovereignty, or Indigenous ways of life connected to the land. We argue that the Maya-Achi organizations with whom we collaborate offer a philosophy and practice better attuned to the urgency of the climate crisis than that of the dominant model of development. To bring the international development agenda in line with local climate action, we propose reconceiving Development as Buen Vivir—an Indigenous philosophy of good living. To do so, we propose three lines of action: (1) Increasing Funding for Indigenous-led climate action; (2) Re-conceptualizing development practices to align with Buen Vivir, and (3) Transforming social and economic policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Griesemer, Ida, Palmer, Jennifer A., MacLaren, Risette Z., Harvey, Kimberly L. L., Li, Mingfei, Garikipati, Amisha, Linsky, Amy M., Mohr, David C., Gurewich, Deborah

المصدر: JGIM: Journal of General Internal Medicine; Apr2024, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p782-789, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RECOMMENDER systems, MENTAL health services, COMMUNITY organization, SOCIAL determinants of health, VETERANS' health

الشركة/الكيان: UNITED States. Veterans Health Administration

مستخلص: Background: Social risk factors, such as food insecurity and financial needs, are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, health conditions that are highly prevalent in rural populations. A better understanding of rural Veterans' experiences with social risk factors can inform expansion of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) efforts to address social needs. Objective: To examine social risk and need from rural Veterans' lived experiences and develop recommendations for VHA to address social needs. Design: We conducted semi-structured interviews with participants purposively sampled for racial diversity. The interview guide was informed by Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use and the Outcomes from Addressing Social Determinants of Health in Systems framework. Participants: Rural Veterans with or at risk of cardiovascular disease who participated in a parent survey and agreed to be recontacted. Approach: Interviews were recorded and transcribed. We analyzed transcripts using directed qualitative content analysis to identify themes. Key Results: Interviews (n = 29) took place from March to June 2022. We identified four themes: (1) Social needs can impact access to healthcare, (2) Structural factors can make it difficult to get help for social needs, (3) Some Veterans are reluctant to seek help, and (4) Veterans recommended enhancing resource dissemination and navigation support. Conclusions: VHA interventions should include active dissemination of information on social needs resources and navigation support to help Veterans access resources. Community-based organizations (e.g., Veteran Service Organizations) could be key partners in the design and implementation of future social need interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Zheng, Rui, Ospina-Forero, Luis, Chen, Yu-wang

المصدر: Decision (0304-0941); Mar2024, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p85-103, 19p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SOCIAL impact, SOCIAL networks, SOCIAL structure, COMMUNITY organization, POLICY diffusion, SOCIAL influence, INFORMATION dissemination

مستخلص: Individuals often make decisions in a social environment where social influence can impact on people's decision-making domains such as online purchasing, political voting and voluntary vaccine uptake. Social influence can be recognised as the intentional or unintentional change in an individual's belief, perception, or behaviours caused by an information diffusion process embedded in a social network. However, there is limited research on how this diffusion process is shaped by the topology or structure of the social network. This work provides an exploratory and systematic analysis of how decision-making outcomes in a population can be affected by both the structure of the social network and the starting node of where new information starts to diffuse. Simulation results considering three common network structures highlight how social networks with clear community structures lead to a larger absolute impact on decision-making outcomes and networks where the social connections follow a preferential attachment rule show the largest relative impact than the others. The results also suggest scenarios in which introducing new pieces of information to the social network can facilitate the information diffusion process and produce a more significant impact in terms of the overall population decision-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Zhang, Huijuan, Eimicke, William B.

المصدر: Public Organization Review; Mar2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p201-216, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LOCAL government, COMMUNITY organization, PUBLIC administration, MUNICIPAL services, ADMINISTRATIVE efficiency

مستخلص: Efficiency and responsiveness are always considered to be two essential but often contradictory values in theory and practice of public administration. This article mainly addresses whether there is a possibility that the efficiency and responsiveness are able to be balanced. Through outlining the evolution process of the Administrative Service Organization in Nanhu District, we argue that the government has gradually focused on providing better services to the public. We concluded that the structural innovation, along with process innovation and conceptual innovation, can be viewed as effective measures to keep the balance between government efficiency and responsiveness to citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Pannard, Alexandrine, Minaudo, Camille, Leitao, Maria, Abonyi, Andras, Moatar, Florentina, Gassama, Nathalie

المصدر: Hydrobiologia; Feb2024, Vol. 851 Issue 4, p869-895, 27p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PHYTOPLANKTON, FRESHWATER phytoplankton, WATER temperature, COMMUNITY organization

مصطلحات جغرافية: FRANCE

مستخلص: Meteorological and hydrological forcings influence phytoplankton at very short-time scales. The effect of turbulence, dilution, light, and nutrients are highly dynamic. Yet, our knowledge of short-term phytoplankton dynamics associated with discharge disturbances and nutrient inputs remains elusive, especially in large rivers. Based on every three-day monitoring, we studied phytoplankton in the middle Loire River (France) and related to the daily variations in water discharge and the physical and chemical parameters. We focused on summer phytoplankton (2013 and 2014), where dissolved inorganic phosphorus concentration was potentially limiting growth. We identified eight discharge events, which increased suspended matter concentration and decreased chlorophyll-a concentration. The most significant environmental drivers of phytoplankton composition were discharge and water temperature, a sensitive proxy for meteorological forcing at short-time scale. The phytoplankton composition responded to changes in hydrology along with three distinct assemblage types, where even small water discharge increase induced a community response. Meroplanktic algae being able to withstand sedimentation and resuspension could take advantage of hydrological peaks, following the benthic retention hypothesis. Our results suggest that short-term dynamics are crucial to understanding community organization and functioning in large river plankton, with meroplankton playing a decisive role in maintaining phytoplankton diversity and ecosystem functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Martinez-Damia, Sara, Marzana, Daniela, Paloma, Virginia, Marta, Elena

المصدر: Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary & Nonprofit Organizations; Feb2024, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p85-96, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COMMUNITY organization, IMMIGRANTS, SOCIAL justice, COMMUNITY involvement

مصطلحات جغرافية: MILAN (Italy)

مستخلص: Migrant community-based organizations (MCBOs) are key mediating structures between immigrants and host societies. However, when implementing this role in host societies, MCBOs often face a number of challenges that reduce their chances to be effective in promoting social justice. This paper aims to analyze the challenges that MCBOs settled in Milan (Northern Italy) experience and the coping strategies that they use in order to provide some guidelines on how to support them. In-depth interviews, observations and document analysis with 15 MCBOs were conducted. Based on a situational analysis, we present the main challenges perceived by MCBOs at three levels: internal (i.e., surviving), inter-organizational (i.e., collaborating) and community (i.e., being recognized as mediating actors). We provide specific guidelines for action on how to address such challenges and thus foster the role of MCBOs as mediating structures in receiving societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Wang, Peng, Chen, Haiyun, Si, Zhiyuan, Jia, Ling, Wang, Jiaming, Li, Keying, Wang, Chenglong

المصدر: Environmental Science & Pollution Research; Feb2024, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p9011-9030, 20p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COMMUNITY organization, EVOLUTIONARY models

مستخلص: Although the government highly focuses on old residential building energy-saving renovation (ORBESR), many hinders still exist and the efficiency of it is still low. This paper proposes a four-party evolutionary game model to study the impact of relative stakeholders' choices, involving developers, residents, neighborhood councils, and governments. Using this model, this paper studies what influences the conflicts between developers and residents take on the efficiency of ORBESR. In addition, what influence the residents, neighborhood councils, and developers' strategies will take on the ORBESR under the condition of evolutionary stability strategy. This paper finally concludes that governments could propose high penalties first to accelerate the stability of the system, then suitable subsidies to relieve the financial burden and to achieve high efficiency. The governments could provide a suitable plan for residents' investment to promote residents' participation. The neighborhood councils arouse the ways and facilities to help residents understand and participate in the ORBESR and try to solve the conflicts between developers and residents can improve the residents' participation and the developers' willingness to implement the ORBESR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Doucet, Tyler C., Duinker, Peter N., Charles, John D., Steenberg, James W. N., Zurba, Melanie

المصدر: Environmental Management; Jan2024, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p231-242, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations, FOREST management, COMMUNITY organization, LOCAL government, MUNICIPAL government

مصطلحات جغرافية: CANADA

مستخلص: Urban forests are being threatened by rapid urbanization, biodiversity crises, and climate variability. In response, governments are increasingly collaborating with the public for solutions to these mounting challenges. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are dominant players in these collaborations because of their ability to supplement governments' expertize and resources and bring social and ecological issues to the forefront of civic agendas. Despite their growing visibility in urban forest management, there is a lack of attention directed to the forms and range of NGO relationships. This study focuses on addressing this gap and examining collaborations between local governments and NGOs in urban forest programming by characterizing their components including mandates, relationship ties, accountability, resource exchange, and power dynamics. We collected data using semi-structured interviews with three groups: leaders of NGOs, municipal government officials in an urban forest or public works departments, and urban-forest experts who have observed their interactions. The participants represent 32 individuals in nine Canadian cities. Our results indicate that NGO-government collaborations have relational ties and accountability processes that are both formal and informal in nature. Formality in collaborations is often associated with the amount of funding, proximity to government, or size of the NGO. In addition, our findings suggest that NGOs present an opportunity for local governments to supplement their resources and capacity. While the strength and formality of collaborations may be a product of NGO size and budgets, public servants should not hesitate to engage smaller, grassroots NGOs to realize their public service mandates. Characterizing the components of these governance processes provides a benchmark for practitioners participating in similar public-civic interactions and arms them with the knowledge to navigate collaborative decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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