المؤلفون: Yuta Goto, Daichi Tamura, Tomohiko Matsuura, Ei Shiomi, Daiki Ikarashi, Shigekatsu Maekawa, Renpei Kato, Mitsugu Kanehira, Wataru Obara

المصدر: IJU Case Reports, Vol 7, Iss 4, Pp 301-304 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: dialysis, eosinophilia, nephrectomy, renal cancer, solid tumor, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Introduction Secondary eosinophilia due to solid tumors is a rare case. This is the first study to report secondary eosinophilia due to renal cancer in a patient on dialysis. Case presentation A 70‐year‐old man, on long‐term hemodialysis was incidentally detected with right renal cancer, and workup performed revealed eosinophilia. Allergic symptoms caused by hemodialysis were initially considered; however, treatment did not lead to any improvement in eosinophilia. Therefore, nephrectomy for renal cancer was performed. The resolution of symptoms and eosinophilia after surgery suggested renal cancer as the cause of eosinophilia. Conclusion As demonstrated in this patient with dialysis‐related renal cancer, eosinophilia associated with solid tumors may be addressed by treating the tumor.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2577-171X

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/638cf1c4314c4fa6a4e10e8e4bf288d8

المؤلفون: Sandra Zazo, Sandra Pérez‐Buira, Nerea Carvajal, Jenifer Plaza‐Sánchez, Rebeca Manso, Nuria Pérez‐González, Carolina Dominguez, Iván Prieto‐Potin, Jaime Rubio, Manuel Dómine, Virginia Lozano, Patricia Mohedano, David Carcedo, Rafael Carias, Federico Rojo

المصدر: Cancer Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: actionable mutation, lung cancer, molecular alterations, next‐generation sequencing, solid tumor, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Objective This study aimed to describe the performance of a next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panel for the detection of precise genomic alterations in cancer in Spanish clinical practice. The impact of tumor characteristics was evaluated on informative NGS and actionable mutation rates. Materials and Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (May 2021–March 2022) where molecular diagnostic of 537 Formalin‐Fixed Paraffin‐Embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of diverse solid tumors (lung, colorectal, melanoma, gastrointestinal stromal, among others) was performed using AVENIO Tumor Tissue Targeted Kit. A descriptive analysis of the features of all samples was carried out. Multivariable logistic analysis was conducted to assess the impact of sample characteristics on NGS performance defined by informative results rate (for all tumors and for lung tumors), and on actionable mutations rate (for lung tumors only). Results AVENIO performance rate was 75.2% in all tumor samples and 75.3% in lung cancer samples, and the multivariable analysis showed that surgical specimens are most likely to provide informative results than diagnostic biopsies. Regarding the mutational findings, 727 pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or variant of unknown significance mutations were found in all tumor samples. Single nucleotide variant was the most common genomic alteration, both for all tumor samples (85.3% and 81.9% for all solid tumors and lung samples, respectively). In lung tumors, multivariable analysis showed that it is more likely to find actionable mutations from non‐smokers and patients with adenocarcinoma, large cell, or undifferentiated histologies. Conclusion This is the largest cohort‐level study in Spain to profile the analyses of biopsy samples of different tumors using NGS in routine clinical practice. Our findings showed that the use of NGS routinely provides good rates of informative results and can improve tumor characterization and identify a greater number of actionable mutations.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7634

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/f005a061fa8f46aca3f748bc4be3e83f

المؤلفون: Xiaoxiao Ge, Weiping Jiang, Hongqing Li, Yanxu Wu, Xiangyang Li, Shaohua Cui

المصدر: Cancer Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 18, Pp 18491-18502 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: immune‐related adverse events, immunotherapy, solid tumor, survival, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Background Real‐world evidence on immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) are relatively insufficient. Herein patterns and outcomes of irAEs after administration of anti‐programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) and its legend 1 (PD‐L1) antibodies were investigated. Methods Patients treated with anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 drugs from January 2018 to September 2021 at Huadong Hospital, Fudan University were included. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) was used for irAEs evaluation. The primary endpoints were the clinical description of irAEs. Results Two hundred and forty‐one solid tumor patients were included, with lung cancer as the most common tumor type (56%). 187 (77.6%) patients presented any kind of irAEs. The median time to any irAE onset was 28 (95% CI 24–32) days. Skin toxicities are the most common irAEs (46.1%) and the irAEs (36.5%) occurred earliest after immune‐checkpoint inhibitors. The most frequently occurred all‐grade irAEs were rash (23.7%), myelosuppression (20.7%), and hepatic injury (19.5%). 23 (9.5%) patients died of severe irAEs, which consists of 10 patients with pneumonitis, four colitis, four myocarditis, and one each for gastritis, pulmonary embolism, myelosuppression, hypophysitis, and encephalitis. Patients with any irAE onset had significantly longer progression‐free survival (PFS) (p = 0.013) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.007), respectively, than patients without irAEs. In addition, patients with skin toxicities (p = 0.012) or blood toxicities (p = 0.015) had achieved a longer PFS, than those without corresponding toxitities, respectively. Conclusion Most irAEs are mild and manageable, while some irAEs can present at later time or can be life‐threatening, especially pneumonitis as we observed. Patients with any irAE onset may achieve a better prognosis than those without irAEs, and presentation of skin or blood toxicities will indicate a better PFS.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7634

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/33ba0ecc565f4a4f9e0aa7f26428d9fb

المؤلفون: Jianming Xu, Jiuwei Cui, Haiping Jiang, Yan Zeng, Xiuyu Cong

المصدر: Cancer Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 7762-7771 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: FGF19, FGFR4, pembrolizumab, Phase 1, solid tumor, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Objective Inhibition of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19‐FGF Receptor 4 (FGFR4) signaling demonstrates potent anticancer activity. EVER4010001 is a highly selective FGFR4 inhibitor and pembrolizumab is approved for the treatment of several solid tumors. This study determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D), pharmacokinetics, safety, and preliminary efficacy of EVER4010001 plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods This Phase 1, multicenter, open‐label study enrolled 19 Asian–Chinese patients (57.9% male: median age 58 years) with advanced solid tumors. For “3+3” dose escalation, 3–6 patients received treatment at each dose level (EVER4010001 40, 60, 80, or 100 mg twice daily [BID] plus pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks). Results At the data cutoff (August 12, 2021), no dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were reported at 40 mg–80 mg. At 100 mg, 2 (40.0%) patients had 3 DLTs within the 28‐day DLT observation period after first administration. Median time to peak EVER4010001 concentration (Tmax) was 0.55–1.03 hours. Mean terminal EVER4010001 half‐life (T1/2) was 4.00–4.92 hours. The area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC0–t) and maximum observed concentration (Cmax) ranged from 2370.87–5475.77 hour*ng/ml and 606.07–1348.86 ng/ml, respectively. The most common EVER4010001‐related treatment‐emergent adverse events were diarrhea (94.7%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (57.9%), and increased alanine aminotransferase (47.4%). Conclusion Eighty milligrams BID was the MTD and RP2D for EVER4010001 plus pembrolizumab. Efficacy results were promising, and no new safety risks were reported, justifying the Phase 2 portion of this study.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7634

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/9732d0e461474757a49f0ef0b2c700f5

المؤلفون: Erica Vormittag‐Nocito, Ravindra Kumar, Kunwar Digvijay Narayan, Zhengjia Chen, Odile David, Frederick Behm, Gayatry Mohapatra

المصدر: Cancer Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 4, Pp 4042-4063 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cell block, cytology, next‐generation sequencing, solid tumor malignancies, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Background Targeted sequencing of cytologic samples has significantly increased in recent years. With increasing numbers of clinical trials for variant specific therapeutics, validating a comprehensive assay for cytologic samples has become clinically important. Aim For this study, a retrospective review of cytologic cell blocks from fine needle aspirations and fluid specimens was performed. Methods Two hundred twenty six total cases of solid tumor malignancies were identified, of which 120 cases and 20 lymph node negative controls were sequenced for the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay. Cytology and surgical specimen correlation was performed in a subset of cases. Statistical analysis to determine variant concordance was performed. Results Within the 117 cases sequenced, a total of 347 pathogenic variants were detected. Of the 117 cases, 32 cases (27.4%) would qualify for FDA approved targeted therapy according to the current guidelines, and an additional 23 cases (19.7%) would qualify for clinical trial based on pathogenic variants detected. Discussion With over 27% of cases in our cohort qualifying for some form of targeted therapy, our study shows the importance of providing comprehensive molecular diagnostic options. Despite only half of the cytology cases in the review period having enough material to be sequenced, overall approximately 27% of patients in this cohort would have benefitted from this service.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7634

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/6a608815749a4035a35da80855d785e7

المؤلفون: Tian‐yi Zhang, Hang Xu, Xiao‐nan Zheng, Xing‐yu Xiong, Shi‐yu Zhang, Xian‐yanling Yi, Jin Li, Qiang Wei, Jian‐zhong Ai

المصدر: MedComm, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cancer treatment, mRNA vaccines, objective response rate, safety, solid tumor, Medicine

الوصف: Abstract Tumor mRNA vaccines have been developed for over 20 years. Whether mRNA vaccines could promote a clinical benefit to advanced cancer patients is highly unknown. PubMed and Embase were retrieved from January 1, 2000 to January 4, 2023. Random effects models were employed. Clinical benefit (objective response rate [ORR], disease control rate [DCR], 1‐year/2‐year progression‐free survival [PFS], and overall survival [OS]) and safety (vaccine‐related grade 3–5 adverse events [AEs]) were evaluated. Overall, 984 patients (32 trials) were enrolled. The most typical cancer types were melanoma (13 trials), non‐small cell lung cancer (5 trials), renal cell carcinoma (4 trials), and prostate adenocarcinoma (4 trials). The pooled ORR and DCR estimates were 10.0% (95%CI, 4.6–17.0%) and 34.6% (95%CI, 24.1–45.9%). The estimates for 1‐year and 2‐year PFS were 38.4% (95%CI, 24.8−53.0%) and 20.0% (95%CI, 10.4–31.7%), respectively. The estimates for 1‐year and 2‐year OS were 75.3% (95%CI, 62.4–86.3%) and 45.5% (95%CI, 34.0–57.2%), respectively. The estimate for vaccine‐related grade 3–5 AEs was 1.0% (95%CI, 0.2–2.4%). Conclusively, mRNA vaccines seem to demonstrate modest clinical response rates, with acceptable survival rates and rare grade 3–5 AEs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2688-2663

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/f0961e99c5b24375b5d3388bb74df289

المؤلفون: Chunwei Xu, Lu Si, Wenxian Wang, Ziming Li, Zhengbo Song, Qian Wang, Aijun Liu, Jinpu Yu, Wenfeng Fang, Wenzhao Zhong, Zhijie Wang, Yongchang Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Shirong Zhang, Xiuyu Cai, Anwen Liu, Wen Li, Ping Zhan, Hongbing Liu, Tangfeng Lv, Liyun Miao, Lingfeng Min, Yu Chen, Jingping Yuan, Feng Wang, Zhansheng Jiang, Gen Lin, Xingxiang Pu, Rongbo Lin, Weifeng Liu, Chuangzhou Rao, Dongqing Lv, Zongyang Yu, Lei Lei, Xiaoyan Li, Chuanhao Tang, Chengzhi Zhou, Junping Zhang, Junli Xue, Hui Guo, Qian Chu, Rui Meng, Jingxun Wu, Rui Zhang, Xiao Hu, Jin Zhou, Zhengfei Zhu, Yongheng Li, Hong Qiu, Fan Xia, Yuanyuan Lu, Xiaofeng Chen, Rui Ge, Enyong Dai, Yu Han, Weiwei Pan, Jiancheng Luo, Hongtao Jia, Xiaowei Dong, Fei Pang, Kai Wang, Liping Wang, Youcai Zhu, Yanru Xie, Xinqin Lin, Jing Cai, Jia Wei, Fen Lan, Huijing Feng, Lin Wang, Yingying Du, Wang Yao, Xuefei Shi, Xiaomin Niu, Dongmei Yuan, Yanwen Yao, Jianhui Huang, Yinbin Zhang, Pingli Sun, Hong Wang, Mingxiang Ye, Dong Wang, Zhaofeng Wang, Bing Wan, Donglai Lv, Qing Wei, Jin Kang, Jiatao Zhang, Chao Zhang, Genhua Yu, Juanjuan Ou, Lin Shi, Zhongwu Li, Zhefeng Liu, Jing Liu, Nong Yang, Lin Wu, Huijuan Wang, Gu Jin, Liu Yang, Guansong Wang, Meiyu Fang, Yong Fang, Yuan Li, Xiaojia Wang, Yiping Zhang, Shenglin Ma, Biyun Wang, Xiaotian Zhang, Yong Song, Yuanzhi Lu

المصدر: Thoracic Cancer, Vol 13, Iss 21, Pp 3084-3097 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: fusion, precision medicine, solid tumor, targeted therapy, tyrosine receptor kinase, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Gene fusions can drive tumor development for multiple types of cancer. Currently, many drugs targeting gene fusions are being approved for clinical application. At present, tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors targeting neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions are among the first “tumor agnostic” drugs approved for pan‐cancer use. Representative TRK inhibitors, including larotrectinib and entrectinib, have shown high efficacy for many types of cancer. At the same time, several second‐generation drugs designed to overcome first‐generation drug resistance are undergoing clinical development. Due to the rarity of NTRK gene fusions in common cancer types and technical issues regarding the complexity of fusion patterns, effectively screening patients for TRK inhibitor treatment in routine clinical practice is challenging. Different detection methods including immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and (DNA and/or RNA‐based) next‐generation sequencing have pros and cons. As such, recommending suitable tests for individual patients and ensuring the quality of tests is essential. Moreover, at present, there is a lack of systematic review for the clinical efficacy and development status of first‐ and second‐generation TRK inhibitors. To resolve the above issues, our expert group has reached a consensus regarding the diagnosis and treatment of NTRK gene fusion solid tumors, aiming to standardize clinical practice with the goal of benefiting patients with NTRK gene fusions treated with TRK inhibitors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1759-7706; https://doaj.org/toc/1759-7714

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/c0f46fdc5f094fa1953ce73161f2fd94

المؤلفون: Shun‐Yu Wu, Feng Ji, Bin Xu, Fu‐Gen Wu

المصدر: MedComm – Oncology, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cancer immunotherapy, CAR‐T cell therapy, combined cancer therapy, hydrogel, solid tumor, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy is a promising form of cancer immunotherapy that genetically modifies a patient's own T cells to express CARs for the specific recognition and eradication of cancer cells. Unfortunately, unlike the impressive advancements it achieves in hematologic cancer treatment, CAR‐T cell therapy has encountered obstacles in treating solid tumors such as high cost, inadequate tumor infiltration, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recently, the regional administration of CAR‐T cells via hydrogel platforms has been investigated as a potential method to not only promote tumor infiltration, cell expansion, and anticancer efficacy of the CAR‐T cells but also provide a multifunctional platform to introduce additional therapeutic agents for achieving potentiated cancer therapy. In this perspective, different design strategies of CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels are introduced. Besides, various types of therapeutic agents incorporated in the hydrogel platforms and diverse hydrogel formulations have been discussed. The current challenges and future research directions on CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels are also proposed. It is hoped that this perspective can help future researchers develop new CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels that can effectively fight against solid tumors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2769-6448

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d7b6137fcb2a476fb92bfe9e1020f198

المؤلفون: Kai He, Xi Liu, Robert D. Hoffman, Rong‐Zhen Shi, Gui‐Yuan Lv, Jian‐Li Gao

المصدر: FEBS Open Bio, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 1268-1285 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, hematopoiesis, metastasis, prognostic, solid tumor, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: There are two types of abnormal hematopoiesis in solid tumor occurrence and treatment: pathological hematopoiesis, and myelosuppression induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this review we primarily focus on the abnormal pathological hematopoietic differentiation in cancer induced by tumor‐released granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). As key factors in hematopoietic development, G‐CSF/GM‐CSF are well‐known facilitators of myelopoiesis and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In addition, these two cytokines can also promote or inhibit tumors, dependent on tumor type. In multiple cancer types, hematopoiesis is greatly enhanced and abnormal lineage differentiation is induced by these two cytokines. Here, dysregulated hematopoiesis induced by G‐CSF/GM‐CSF in solid tumors and its mechanism are summarized, and the prognostic value of G‐CSF/GM‐CSF‐associated dysregulated hematopoiesis for tumor metastasis is also briefly highlighted.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2211-5463

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/5b8a14c959224100be84c571b15ed0ac

المؤلفون: Chia Liu, Lei‐Chi Wang, Hui‐Shan Chen, Yi‐Chen Yeh, Po‐Kuei Hsu, Chien‐Sheng Huang, Chih‐Cheng Hsieh, Han‐Shui Hsu

المصدر: Thoracic Cancer, Vol 13, Iss 14, Pp 2005-2013 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: adenocarcinoma of lung, invasive size, lepidic component, part‐solid tumor, TNM staging system, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Background To evaluate the long‐term outcomes after surgical resection for stage I lung adenocarcinoma based on the percentage of lepidic component (LC) and invasive tumor size (IS). Methods The clinicopathological characteristics of 1049 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Tumors were categorized into groups: A (LC ≥ 50%) and B (LC 1 cm. 10‐year CIR and CSS were 15.2% and 86.0%. LC and IS were found to be independent predictors of CSS. Patients in group A had 1.4% 10‐year CIR and 100% 10‐year CSS. In group B, a significantly higher CIR and worse CSS were observed as IS increased (p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1759-7706; https://doaj.org/toc/1759-7714

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/9a64430e6beb48a0927372ecab56276c