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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Eric Martin Sieloff, Adam Timothy Ladzinski, Neiberg de Alcantara Lima, Duncan Vos, Harry Boamah, Thomas Andrew Melgar
المصدر: International Journal of Mycobacteriology, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 167-172 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: epidemiology, peritonitis, risk factors, tuberculosis, united states, Microbiology, QR1-502
الوصف: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon disease in the Western hemisphere that can present with peritoneal involvement, as tuberculous peritonitis(TBP) causing abdominal pain and fever. The healthcare and economic burden of TBP in the United States remains unknown. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample database was utilized to investigate TBP hospitalizations from 2002 to 2014. Economic expenditures, patient and hospital demographics, and associations of certain comorbidities with TBP were analyzed. Results: A total of 5878 hospitalizations for TBP occurred over the 12-year duration, with $420 million in-hospital charges. The median patient age was 45 years (interquartile range: 31.1–61.7), with the majority being Hispanic (27.15%). Hospitalizations occurred primarily in the Western (31.3%) and Southern (31.7%) United States. Patient comorbidities and the respective odds ratio associated with TBP included HIV (33.56), continuous peritoneal dialysis (10.49), malnutrition (7.38), liver cirrhosis (6.87), and liver cirrhosis sequelae (6.91). Nearly 6.37% of TBP hospitalizations also had active pulmonary TB. Conclusion: Although TBP is uncommon in the United States, it should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal pain and fever and a history of HIV, continuous peritoneal dialysis, malnutrition, liver cirrhosis, or liver cirrhosis sequelae.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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المؤلفون: Wei Zheng, Yongjian Huang, Shugang Yang, Jianxin Ye, Guangwei Zhu, Chunlin Lin
المصدر: The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 46-52 (2020)
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Associationمصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, medicine.medical_treatment, Adenocarcinoma, Gastroenterology, survival, Metastasis, nomogram, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gastrectomy, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Stomach Neoplasms, Signet ring cell carcinoma, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, signet ring cell carcinoma, Stage (cooking), lcsh:RC799-869, Survival rate, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Middle Aged, Nomogram, Prognosis, medicine.disease, United States, Survival Rate, Nomograms, Case-Control Studies, Lymphatic Metastasis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Original Article, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, gastric adenocarcinoma, business, Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell
الوصف: Background/Aims: Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRC), a subtype of adenocarcinoma, has been considered a histological type with poor survival. We aimed to compare the survival outcomes between patients with GSRC and patients with gastric non-signet ring cell adenocarcinoma (NGSRC) and constructed a nomogram to predict gastric adenocarcinoma-specific survival (GCSS). Patients and Methods: We identified 10,031 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database and stratified them into two histological type groups: GSRC and NGSRC. We used propensity score matching and identified 4304 patients (training cohort) to assess the effect of the histological type on GCSS with Kaplan–Meier curves, and constructed a predictive nomogram. The accuracy of the nomogram was tested on the remaining 5727 patients (validation cohort) with concordance index (C-index) values, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: We found that the histological type SRC was not associated with significantly poor survival (5-year survival rate: 46.1% vs 46.7%, P = 0.822). GSRC patients had similar GCSS rates compared to those with NGSRC in each tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage (allP > 0.05). The nomogram showed that histological type was a relatively weak predictor of survival. The C-index value of the nomogram for predicting survival was 0.720, similar to that in the validation cohort (0.724). Conclusions: Patients with GSRC had a similar prognosis to those with NGSRC. The proposed nomogram allowed a relatively accurate survival prediction for operable GA patients after gastrectomy.
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3دورية أكاديمية
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4
المؤلفون: Marvin Rotman, Aparna Surapaneni, David A. Schwartz, Emmanuel Nwokedi, David Schreiber, Justin Rineer
المصدر: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 951-956 (2014)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Disease, lcsh:RC254-282, Disease-Free Survival, Prostate cancer, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Dose escalation, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Veterans Affairs, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Veterans, Aged, 80 and over, Radiotherapy, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, Cancer, Radiotherapy Dosage, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, prostate cancer, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, United States, Surgery, Radiation therapy, radiation, Treatment Outcome, Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated, business
الوصف: Aims: The aim of the following study is to analyze the long-term results of veterans treated with dose escalated radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 469 patients who were treated between 2003 and 2010 with dose escalated radiation therapy to a minimum dose of 7560 cGy for prostate cancer at the New York Harbor Department of Veterans Affairs. Biochemical failure-free survival (bFFS) and distant metastatic-free survival (DMFS) were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox Regression were used to measure the impact of covariates on biochemical control. Results: The median follow-up was 61 months and 95.3% of patients were followed at least 2 years. The 5-year bFFS for National Cancer Care Network low, intermediate and high risk disease were 90.3%, 86.9% and 77.3% respectively (P = 0.001). Patients with high risk disease were more likely to develop metastatic disease. The 5-year DMFS was 99.1% for low risk, 98.8% for intermediate risk and 94.5% for high-risk (P < 0.001). There were 8 prostate cancer related deaths, of which 6 had high risk disease and 2 had intermediate risk disease. The 5-year prostate cancer specific survival was 98.4%. Toxicities were generally mild, however there were two genitourinary toxicity related deaths, though in both patients there were confounding medical issues that may have contributed to their deaths. Conclusions: Dose escalated radiation in the treatment of United States Veterans appears to be well-tolerated with results in line with prior reports. Further follow-up is necessary to identify any additional late toxicities as well as to assess the durability of their biochemical control beyond 5 years.
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5
المصدر: Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, Vol 25, Iss 4, Pp 741-749 (2014)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Graft Rejection, Male, Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Daclizumab, Time Factors, Tissue and Organ Procurement, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:Medicine, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Gastroenterology, Drug Administration Schedule, Steroid, Basiliximab, Young Adult, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Alemtuzumab, Kidney transplantation, Antilymphocyte Serum, business.industry, Graft Survival, Hazard ratio, lcsh:R, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Kidney Transplantation, Survival Analysis, United States, Confidence interval, Surgery, Calcineurin, Regimen, Organ procurement, Treatment Outcome, Immunoglobulin G, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Steroids, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
الوصف: The influence of steroid maintenance on the outcomes of repeat kidney transplant (RKT) recipients with respect to induction type is unclear. Using the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network/United Network of Organ Sharing (OPTN/UNOS) database, we identified patients (≥18 years) who underwent deceased donor RKT from January 2000 to December 2008 after receiving induction with rabbit-antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG), alemtuzumab or an IL-2 receptor blocker (IL-2B) and were discharged on a calcineurin inhibitor/mycophenolate mofetil regimen with or without steroids. Of 5634 patients, 3643 received r-ATG (steroid = 3157, no-steroid = 486), 448 alemtuzumab (steroid = 196, no-steroid = 252) and 1543 an IL-2B (steroid = 1465, no-steroid = 78). Unadjusted graft survivals were similar for the no-steroid versus steroid groups for induction with r-ATG [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.70-1.03, P = 0.10], alemtuzumab (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.14, P = 0.18) and IL-2B (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.56-1.70, P = 0.23). In the adjusted model, steroid use improved graft survival in alemtuzumab (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, P = 0.003) but not in the r-ATG (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.68-1.09, P = 0.21) or IL-2B (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.56-1.70, P = 0.94) groups. Steroid use was associated with inferior patient survival in unadjusted (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.17-1.44, P
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6
المؤلفون: Osama El Minshawy, Eman El Bassuoni, Tawfik Ghabrah
المصدر: Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 192-195 (2014)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Saudi Arabia, lcsh:Medicine, Rural Health, End stage renal disease, Peritoneal dialysis, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Renal replacement therapy, Kidney transplantation, business.industry, lcsh:R, Urban Health, General Medicine, Environmental exposure, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Analgesic nephropathy, United States, Surgery, Renal Replacement Therapy, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Egypt, Female, Hemodialysis, business
الوصف: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, etiology and risk factors of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the region of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. We studied 460 renal replacement therapy patients through a review of medical records and patient interviews and obtained patient demographics, family history, risk factors for ESRD, environmental exposure to toxins, work conditions, social history and causes of death. The estimated prevalence of treated ESRD was 460 per million populations (PMP); 350 (76%) were treated by hemodialysis, 30 (7%) by peritoneal dialysis and 80 (17%) by kidney transplantation. The mean age was 48 ± 17 years, body mass index was 25 ± 2 kg/m 2 and the male vs. female ratio was 64% vs. 36%. Most patients (55%) were living in rural areas. Etiology of the ESRD was unknown in 33%, hypertension in 24%, chronic glomerulonephritis in 8%, obstructive uropathy in 3.5%, analgesic nephropathy in 5%, Bilhaziasis in 0.5%, chronic pyelonephritis in 2% and diabetic nephropathy in 18%. Other causes such as gouty nephropathy, collagen diseases, toxemia of pregnancy and lupus nephritis constituted 6% of the cases. We conclude that the epidemiology of the treated ESRD in Tabuk area is similar to that in Egypt, but very different from that in the United States.
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7دورية أكاديمية
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