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المؤلفون: Poshendra Satyal, Morten Fibieger Byskov, Keith Hyams
المصدر: Climate and Development. 13:529-542
مصطلحات موضوعية: Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Poverty, Geography, Planning and Development, Subject (philosophy), Procedural justice, 010501 environmental sciences, Development, Livelihood, 01 natural sciences, Indigenous, Injustice, Political science, Development economics, DT, JZ, Adaptation (computer science), Distributive justice, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: Indigenous peoples, who depend on their environment for livelihoods and are often subject to poverty and socio-economic marginalization, are some of the most vulnerable to climate change. While the rights of Indigenous peoples are recognized internationally, these are not translated into adaptation responses. Using insights from theories of environmental justice in the case of Uganda’s Batwa community, we assess how justice-related factors impact their adaptive capacities and whether these are incorporated in the design and implementation of adaptation responses. Our findings reveal a multi-dimensional range of systemic injustices experienced by Batwa, resulting from their continued social-economic, cultural and political marginalization. Additionally, a variety of projects are happening locally in relation to ‘adaptation’ but not labelled as such, suggesting how Batwa's vulnerability is rooted in wider aspects of livelihoods and development. Most projects tend to focus on distribution of material benefits, while less attention is paid to the more intricate issues of compensation, political discrimination and uneven participation. This depoliticized and compartmentalized approach suggests a slow and incomplete way of operationalizing justice. Hence, we call for sincere efforts to address recognition, rights, and disproportionate levels of disadvantage for Indigenous communities, including their constitutional recognition, financial redress and participation in decision-making.\ud \ud
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المؤلفون: Mohammed Assen, Poshendra Satyal, Wondwosen Abera
المصدر: Environment, Development and Sustainability. 23:1316-1334
مصطلحات موضوعية: Sustainable land management, Economics and Econometrics, Topsoil, Watershed, business.product_category, Soil nutrients, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Soil quality, Plough, Household survey, Agricultural science, Geography, engineering, 021108 energy, Fertilizer, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: This study was aimed at assessing farmers’ perception and knowledge of soil quality (SQ) change, in light of scientifically measured SQ indicators in the Wanka watershed, northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Household survey, participatory SQ status assessment, key informant interview and laboratory analysis of selected SQ indicators were used as data collection tools. Independent samples t test (two-tailed) was used to compare the mean difference of SQ indicators between perceived good and poor SQ status. Farmers recognized that there has been SQ decline in their farm lands over the years. Based on perceived SQ status, farmers categorized their farm plots into good, average and poor classes locally called wofram meret, boda and sis/chincha meret, respectively. The identified principal SQ status indicators used by farmers were yield, plow depth, appearance of undesired weedy plant species, fertilizer requirement of soil, topsoil color and soil workability. These farmers’ assessment of SQ has well-coincided with major scientific quantitative indicators. Accordingly, plots identified by farmers as good SQ status exhibited better soil nutrients than the perceived poor SQ. Available phosphorus (p < 0.01) and exchangeable potassium (K +) (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the reported good SQ plots. Conversely, sand content (p < 0.01) and bulk density (p < 0.05) were significantly high in poor SQ category. The synergy between perceived SQ status and scientifically measured SQ indicators signifies the relevance of farmers’ soil knowledge in characterizing SQ status of farm plots and manage them accordingly. Thus, strategies that incorporate farmers’ soil knowledge in land evaluation and sustainable land management practices should be developed and promoted.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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المؤلفون: Sharad Onta, Sagar Kafle, Kaustuv Raj Neupane, Sijal Pokharel, Ramji Bogati, Kirti Kusum Joshi, Raju Pandit Chhetri, Devendra Raj Singh, Shankar Adhikari, Ajay Chandra Lal, Rocky Talchabhadel, Bhesh Raj Thapa, K B Shrestha, Gitta Shrestha, Saraswoti Bharati, Alka Sapkota, Rupesh Tha, Rajit Ojha, Rupak Sapkota, Vishnu Prasad Pandey, Daya Raj Subedi, Manohara Khadka, Ram C. Bastakoti, Indira Shrestha, Shobhakar Dhakal, Jony Mainaly, Kamal Adhikari, Yub Raj Bhusal, Prajal Pradhan, Simrin Kafle, Keshav Parajuly, Poshendra Satyal, Mahashram Sharma, Dilip Khatiwada, Dinesh Neupane, Sarmila Tandukar, Pitambar Bhandari, Narayan Prasad Regmi, Padma Prasad Khatiwada, Dinesh Raj Bhuju, Ambika P. Gautam, Nawa Raj Khatiwada, Man Bahadur Bk, Maheswar Rupakheti, Shyam Upadhyaya, Juergen P. Kropp
المصدر: Earth's Future, Vol 9, Iss 7, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
Earth's Futureمصطلحات موضوعية: Sustainable development, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, sustainable development, Ecology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), pandemic, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Environmental sciences, opportunities, Nepal, COVID‐19, Political science, Development economics, Pandemic, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), GE1-350, impacts, 020701 environmental engineering, QH540-549.5, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
الوصف: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted social, economic, and environmental systems worldwide, slowing down and reversing the progress made in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDGs belong to the 2030 Agenda to transform our world by tackling humankind's challenges to ensure well-being, economic prosperity, and environmental protection. We explore the potential impacts of the pandemic on SDGs for Nepal. We followed a knowledge co-creation process with experts from various professional backgrounds, involving five steps: online survey, online workshop, assessment of expert's opinions, review and validation, and revision and synthesis. The pandemic has negatively impacted most SDGs in the short term. Particularly, the targets of SDG 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 13 have and will continue to have weakly to moderately restricting impacts. However, a few targets of SDG 2, 3, 6, and 11 could also have weakly promoting impacts. The negative impacts have resulted from impeding factors linked to the pandemic. Many of the negative impacts may subside in the medium and long terms. The key five impeding factors are lockdowns, underemployment and unemployment, closure of institutions and facilities, diluted focus and funds for non-COVID-19-related issues, and anticipated reduction in support from development partners. The pandemic has also opened a window of opportunity for sustainable transformation, which is short-lived and narrow. These opportunities are lessons learned for planning and action, socio-economic recovery plan, use of information and communication technologies and the digital economy, reverse migration and “brain gain,” and local governments' exercising authorities. The current pandemic has impacts on social, economic, and environmental systems, including Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDGs consist of 17 interlinked goals that aim to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. We studied the pandemic's impacts on SDGs for Nepal by following a knowledge co-creation process. For this, we conducted online surveys and workshops with experts from various professional backgrounds and assessed expert's opinions articulated in the surveys and workshops. The experts reviewed and validated our assessment. Then, we revised and synthesized the assessment. Our study highlights that the pandemic has negatively impacted most SDGs, particularly the targets of SDG 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 13. These negative impacts may subside in the medium and long terms. The key factors behind the negative impacts are: lockdowns, underemployment and unemployment, closure of facilities, diluted focus and funds for non-pandemic issues, and anticipated reduction in development support. The pandemic has also opened a short-lived and narrow window of opportunity for sustainable transformation. The transformative opportunities consist of lessons learned for planning and actions, socio-economic recovery plan, use of information and communication technologies and the digital economy, reverse migration and “brain gain,” and local governments' exercising authorities.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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المؤلفون: Mohammed Assen, Wondwosen Abera, Poshendra Satyal
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
مصطلحات موضوعية: Watershed, Resource (biology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Land use, Agroforestry, Land management, Built-up area, Land-use planning, Land cover, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Computers in Earth Sciences, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Rural settlement, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
الوصف: Long-term land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics information is essential to understand the trends and make necessary land management interventions, such as in the highlands of Ethiopia. This study analyzed six decades of LULC dynamics of Wanka watershed, Northwestern Ethiopian highlands. Two sets of aerial photographs (1957 and 2017), SPOT 5 and sentinel satellite imageries were analyzed. In addition, key informant interviews, focus group discussions and field observations were used to identify the drivers and impact of LULC change. It was found that cultivated and rural settlement land (CRSL), bare land, and urban built up area have been continuously expanded at the expenses of mainly forest and shrub lands. Over the entire study period (1957–2017) while the bare land and CRSL have increased by about 59% and 20% respectively, forest and shrub lands have declined by 59% and 57% respectively. Urban built up area has also expanded. The impact of popula- tion pressure and expansion of CRSL land were considerable. The trend of LULC dynamics in the study watershed implies adverse impact on the quality and quantity of the land resource. Hence, appropriate land use planning and strategies that reduce expansion of cultivated land need to be practiced.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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المؤلفون: Poshendra Satyal, Sally J. Priest, Thomas F. Thornton, Simon Caney, Eric Chu, Helen Jeans, Keith Hyams, Morten Fibieger Byskov, Jouni Paavola, Krystyna Swiderska, Clare Heyward, Sophie Blackburn, Alice Venn, Gareth A S Edwards, Lisa Benjamin, Kristel Fourie, Maud Borie, Marcela Tarazona, Arabella Fraser, Isabelle Anguelovski, John Twigg, Edward A. Page, Mark Pelling, Colin McQuistan
المساهمون: 13040375 - Fourie, Kristel
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
Climate and Developmentمصطلحات موضوعية: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Vulnerability, Justice, 010501 environmental sciences, Development, 01 natural sciences, Injustice, 12. Responsible consumption, Political science, Climate adaptation, 11. Sustainability, Justice (ethics), Resilience (network), Adaptation (computer science), resilience, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sustainable development, Ethics, Global and Planetary Change, Adaptive capacity, Resilience, IPCC, 1. No poverty, Environmental ethics, Livelihood, ethics, justice, 13. Climate action
الوصف: As experts predict that at least some irreversible climate change will occur with potentially disastrous effects on the lives and well-being of vulnerable communities around the world, it is paramount to ensure that these communities are resilient and have adaptive capacity to withstand the consequences. Adaptation and resilience planning present several ethical issues that need to be resolved if we are to achieve successful adaptation and resilience to climate change, taking into consideration vulnerabilities and inequalities in terms of power, income, gender, age, sexuality, race, culture, religion, and spatiality. Sustainable adaptation and resilience planning that addresses these ethical issues requires interdisciplinary dialogues between the natural sciences, social sciences, and philosophy, in order to integrate empirical insights on socioeconomic inequality and climate vulnerability with ethical analysis of the underlying causes and consequences of injustice in adaptation and resilience. In this paper, we set out an interdisciplinary research agenda for the inclusion of ethics and justice theories in adaptation and resilience planning, particularly into the Sixth Assessment Report of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR6). We present six core discussions that we believe should be an integral part of these interdisciplinary dialogues on adaptation and resilience as part of IPCC AR6, especially Chapters 2 (“Terrestial and freshwater ecosystems and their services”), 6 (“Cities, settlements and key infrastructure”), 7 (“Health, wellbeing and the changing structure of communities”), 8 (“Poverty, livelihoods and sustainable development”), 16 “Key risks across sectors and regions”), 17 (“Decision-making options for managing risk”), and 18 (“Climate resilient development pathways”).: (i) Where does ‘justice’ feature in resilience and adaptation planning and what does it require in that regard?; (ii) How can it be ensured that adaptation and resilience strategies protect and take into consideration and represent the interest of the most vulnerable women and men, and communities?; (iii) How can different forms of knowledge be integrated within adaptation and resilience planning?; (iv) What trade-offs need to be made when focusing on resilience and adaptation and how can they be resolved?; (v) What roles and responsibilities do different actors have to build resilience and achieve adaptation?; (vi) Finally, what does the focus on ethics imply for the practice of adaptation and resilience planning?
وصف الملف: PDF; application/pdf
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المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
مصطلحات موضوعية: 040101 forestry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Corporate governance, media_common.quotation_subject, Forest management, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Ambiguity, Public administration, Social engagement, 01 natural sciences, Local government, General partnership, Political science, Central government, User group, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
الوصف: Collaborative forest management (CFM) is a ‘community-based’ forest tenure regime that works in partnership between the central government, local government and local forest user groups in Nepal’s Terai, particularly in the management of large, contiguous forests. It has been in practice since the early 2000s in the form of ‘pilot initiatives’ and is gradually receiving greater legal attention. Through our own experiences, available literature and review of policies, we document the evolutionary history of Terai forest and CFM’s current issues. We found that the management aspects of Terai forests have been weak throughout its history. We also found a number of issues and challenges in the implementation of CFM. Some of the prominent issues include ambiguity in tenure rights and security, lack of appropriate and uncontested policy provisions for cost and benefit sharing among collaborators, limited decision-making space for forest-managing communities and local governments, and limited capacity of collaborators for the productive management of forests. We suggest tenure reform in terms of legal, institutional, technical and financial arrangements, so as to make CFM an effective forest management model in the Terai.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a9ea909184d57670af9e6808090d0de3
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/64917/ -
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المؤلفون: Gina Ziervogel, Salma Hegga, Chandni Singh, Thelma Zulfawu Abu, Ritwika Basu, Poshendra Satyal, Adelina Mensah
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
مصطلحات موضوعية: Flexibility (engineering), Global and Planetary Change, Government, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Corporate governance, Climate change, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Vertical integration, Decentralization, Natural resource, Intermediary, Political science, Development economics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: Vertical integration, which creates strategic linkages between national and sub-national levels, is being promoted as important for climate change adaptation. Decentralisation, which transfers authority and responsibility to lower levels of organisation, serves a similar purpose and has been in place for a number of decades. Based on four case studies in semi-arid regions in Africa and India, this paper argues that vertical integration for climate change adaptation should reflect on lessons from decentralisation related to governing natural resources, particularly in the water sector. The paper focuses on participation and flexibility, two central components of climate change adaptation, and considers how decentralisation has enhanced or undermined these. The findings suggest that vertical integration for adaptation will be strengthened if a number of lessons are considered, namely (i) actively seek equitable representation from marginal and diverse local groups drawing on both formal and informal participation structures, (ii) assess and address capacity deficits that undermine flexibility and adaptive responses, especially within lower levels of government, and (iii) use hybrid modes of governance that include government, intermediaries and diverse local actors through both formal and informal institutions to improve bottom-up engagement.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6debb4f9e829b294f6ef4e12639f4f3e
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المساهمون: Vira, Bhaskar [0000-0001-7766-6773], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
مصطلحات موضوعية: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Sustainable development, Political science, Natural disasters, Climate change, Transformative resilience, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Poverty, business.industry, Environment and development challenges, Environmental resource management, New Himalayan crisis, Livelihood, Transformative learning, Political economy, Remittance, Psychological resilience, business, Emancipatory politics, Social capital
الوصف: This paper demonstrates that a new crisis has emerged in the Himalayas in recent years, as five decades of well-intentioned policy responses failed to tackle escalating environment and development challenges. It then suggests some practical pathways for achieving what we term transformative resilience in the region. Our analysis draws on a critical review of literature, combined with individual co-authors' longstanding experience in the region in both research and policy arenas. We highlight how the neo-Malthusian Theory of Himalayan Degradation continues to shape simplistic responses to environment and development problems of a multi-faceted nature, in the vulnerable, complex and politicized contexts of the Himalayas. A key reason for this failure is an obsession with technical reasoning underpinned by the dominance of biophysical analyses of the problems, which have, in most cases, undermined the potential for emancipatory political transformations. The failure is visible in various ways: poverty remains, while environmental vulnerabilities have increased. Foreign aid has often been counter-productive and ‘blue-print’ development planning has been fragmented and dysfunctional. Likewise, livelihood opportunities and social capital have seriously eroded due to unprecedented political crises, out-migration, abandonment of productive mountain lands and unregulated remittance economies. We term this phenomenon a ‘new Himalayan crisis’. In response, we argue for the need to open up a transformative agenda for integrating approaches to environment and development challenges, emphasizing an emancipatory multi-scalar politics that has the potential to open up sustainable pathways in the context of dynamic social and ecological changes in the Himalayas.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8ba8e7ed31b4adb3effdd3de405b722c
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المؤلفون: Hari Dhungana, Gyanu Maskey, Poshendra Satyal, Esteve Corbera, Neil Dawson
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname
Recercat: Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelonaمصطلحات موضوعية: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Corporate governance, Participation, Non-state actors, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Policy process, 01 natural sciences, Representation (politics), Representation, Forest resource, Community forestry, Nepal, Deforestation, International policy, Political science, Environmental planning, REDD+, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: REDD+ is an international policy aimed at incentivizing forest conservation and management and improving forest governance. In this article, we interrogate how newly articulated REDD+ governance processes established to guide the formulation of Nepal’s REDD+ approach address issues of participation for different social groups. Specifically, we analyse available forums of participation for different social groups, as well as the nature of their representation and degree of participation during the country’s REDD+ preparedness phase. We find that spaces for participation and decision-making in REDD+ have been to date defined and dominated by government actors and influential civil society groups, whereas the influence of other actors, particularly marginalized groups such as Dalits and women’s organizations, have remained limited. REDD+ has also resulted in a reduction of influence for some hitherto powerful actors (e.g. community forestry activists) and constrained their critical voice. These governance weaknesses related to misrepresentation and uneven power relations in Nepal cast doubt on the extent to which procedural justice has been promoted through REDD+ and imply that implementation may, as a consequence, lack the required social legitimacy and support. We discuss possible ways to address these shortcomings, such as granting greater prominence to neglected civil society forums within the REDD+ process, allowing for an increase in their influence on policy design, enhancing capacity and leadership of marginalized groups and institutionalizing participation through continued forest governance reform. Key policy insights: -Participation is a critical asset in public policy design. -Ensuring wide and meaningful participation can enhance policy legitimacy and thus its endorsement and potential effective implementation. - Fostering inclusive processes through dedicated forums such as multi-stakeholder groups can help overcome power dynamics. -While REDD+ is open to participation by different actors through a variety of formal means, many countries lack a clear framework for participation in national policy processes. -Nepal’s experience with representation and participation of non-state actors in its REDD+ preparedness programme provides useful insights for similar social and policy contexts.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::53bf0bf5d37ff2b3ce17be8524bab7d8
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/190170 -
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المؤلفون: Janet Fisher, David Mwayafu, Neil Dawson, Hari Dhungana, Heike Schroeder, Mark Zeitoun, Michael Mason, Poshendra Satyal
المصدر: BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
Dawson, N, Mason, M, Mwayafu, D, Dhungana, H, Satyal, P, Fisher, J, Zeitoun, M & Schroeder, H 2018, ' Barriers to equity in REDD+: Deficiencies in national interpretation processes constrain adaptation to context ', Environmental Science & Policy . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.06.009مصطلحات موضوعية: Sustainable development, Civil society, Equity (economics), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Stakeholder, Public policy, G Geography (General), 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Public administration, Social engagement, 01 natural sciences, Political science, National Policy, Empowerment, GE Environmental Sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
الوصف: A national interpretation process involving diverse actors and interests is required to transform global environmental initiatives into policies appropriate to the national or subnational context. These processes of localising norms are critical spaces to formulate equitable pathways to environmental conservation, yet have received limited attention from policy makers and researchers. We explored national policy processes for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) in Uganda and Nepal from the perspectives of ‘intermediaries’, state and civil society actors at subnational and national scale who promote the interests of various stakeholder groups. Through think-tank meetings and semi-structured interviews with a range of intermediaries, we uncovered that REDD+ implementation processes in both countries are dominated by international actors, applying a demanding administrative agenda and restricting space for deliberation. Consequently, social aspects of policy were compartmentalised, reduced to technical exercises and local equity concerns inadequately addressed in national REDD+ policies. For example, social safeguards approaches were perceived to lack substantive guidelines to promote equity. Limited national political space to criticise government policy and lack of attention to relevant evidence further restricted ability to address entrenched injustices such as status inequalities faced by marginalised groups. Although civil society organisations choose to maintain official involvement with REDD+, many expressed a possibility they would oppose REDD+ in future, or serious doubts about its design and expected outcomes. Concerns centred on lack of recognition of indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ values, identities, practices and institutions such as customary tenure systems, alongside possible detrimental impacts to decentralised forest governance regimes, well established in Nepal and emerging in Uganda. We suggest features to be enshrined in REDD+ policy for adapting national interpretation processes to become more effective spaces for empowering diverse intermediaries to negotiate and influence localisation of international norms, ultimately to promote more equitable pathways to reduced deforestation and degradation.
وصف الملف: application/pdf; text
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0c69f9058b3070bc47fc88543ae5dabb
http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/88374/
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