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المؤلفون: V. O. Manko, G. L. Chkhatarashvіlі
المصدر: Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine. 37:329-339
مصطلحات موضوعية: education.field_of_study, Middle East, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pleistocene, Population, Fell, 030206 dentistry, Archaeology, Eastern european, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Geography, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Bladelets, Pottery, education, Holocene, General Environmental Science
الوصف: The issue of studying the global migration of the population of the Near and Middle East to the territory of Eastern Europe at the end of the Pleistocene and at the beginning of the Holocene is analyzed in the paper. At the turn of Pleistocene-Holocene the stone industries with similar characteristics in Iran, Iraq, Georgia and Ukraine one can observe. These industries are called M’lefaatian, Kobuletian, Kukrekian. These industries were characterized by using the pressing technique to produce blades, bladelets and microblades; using bladelets with abrupt retouch to make complex bone arrowheads. At the very end of the Pleistocene, the migration of the M’lefaatian population began. The stone industry of the first wave of migrants was associated with elements of the Zarzian industry. In the future, waves of M’lefaatian migrants poured innovative technologies related to the production of stone vessels, grooved tools, pottery into the territory of Western Georgia and Ukraine. The most important role in the development of Eastern European culture was the change in the funeral rite at the Boreal-Atlantic border, when the funeral traditions of M’lefaatian fell into the territory of Ukraine. The migration process ends with the transition to the Neolithic and to farming in the second half of 7th thousand BC. Analysis of the synchronous development of M’lefaatian, Kobuletian, Kukrekian allows us to conclude that the migration of the M’lefaatian population has been permanent in nature for 3—4 thousand years. Small population groups created a constant influx of population into the territory of Georgia and Ukraine. Some groups made shuttle migrations. All this created the conditions for a constant exchange of innovative technologies for the population of the Northern Black Sea Region and the Middle East. The result of this process was the transition of M’lefaatian migrants to a Neolithic lifestyle. The study of M’lefaatian migration creates the conditions for studying the patterns of transition to the Neolithic in the South Caucasus and Eastern Europe.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::9197f9578ec44a1eef9577911537f6d8
https://doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.04.27 -
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المؤلفون: Shnaider V. Svetlana, Alisher kyzy Saltanat, Rigaud Solange, Tamara Yanina, Berezina Natalia, Bujilova Alexandra
المساهمون: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
المصدر: Archaeological Research in Asia
Archaeological Research in Asia, Elsevier, 2021, 28, pp.100318. ⟨10.1016/j.ara.2021.100318⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, education.field_of_study, Middle East, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Population, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Geography, Cave, Peninsula, Period (geology), education, South eastern, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: The southeastern Caspian region was an important migration route that connected ancient cultures between the Middle East and Central Asia. Currently, the only stratified sites known in the region are Dam-Dam-Cheshme 1, Dam-Dam-Cheshme 2, and Djebel in the Bolshoi Balkhan Region; and Kuba-Sengir and Kaylu on the Krasnovodsk Peninsula. In this article we review the archaeological materials from the Kaylu and Kuba-Sengir sites, which include prismatic and pressure bladelet industries respectively, faunal remains, and two distinct sets of shell bead industries. In addition two human burials were also previously discovered next to the entrance of Kaylu cave. During an excursion to the Krasnovodsk Peninsula in 2018, the geographic position of these sites was confirmed and materials discoverd on the surface during a survey of both sites were described. These preliminary data supports the idea that the Kuba-Sengir and Kaylu sites are asynchronous and share features with the southern, western and eastern Caspian sites which future research can use to further recreate the ancient population and cultural history of the greater Caspian region.
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المؤلفون: Stephan Lindner
المصدر: Antiquity. 94:361-380
مصطلحات موضوعية: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography, Middle East, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, Steppe, General Arts and Humanities, Bayesian probability, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, law.invention, law, Bronze Age, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chronology
الوصف: In Eastern Europe, the use of light vehicles with spoked wheels and harnessed horse teams is first evidenced in the early second-millennium BC Sintashta-Petrovka Culture in the South-eastern Ural Mountains. Using Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon dates from the kurgan cemetery of Kamennyj Ambar-5, combined with artefactual and stratigraphic analyses, this article demonstrates that these early European chariots date to no later than the first proto-chariots of the ancient Near East. This result suggests the earlier emergence of chariots on the Eurasian Steppe than previously thought and contributes to wider debates on the geography and chronology of technological innovations.
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المؤلفون: Maria Laura Mascelloni
المصدر: Advances in Historical Studies. :211-228
مصطلحات موضوعية: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Middle East, Archaeometallurgy, General Engineering, CONTEST, Archaeology, Wadi, Natural (archaeology), Archaeological science
الوصف: The study reports on the identification of chemical composition of samples, of natural and artificial origin, in order to investigate the technology involved and the contest of production of metals, slag and vitrified materials from the Jordanian site of Tell es-Sa’idiyeh. The site is situated in the east central Jordan Valley, 1.8 km east of the River Jordan, on the south side of the Wadi Kufrinjeh. The settlement is placed on two mounds: the Upper Tell, to the middle east of the site, lies 14 m above the plain level and covers an area of about 10,000 sq·m; and the Low Tell, approximately 90 by 40 m to the west, is about 20 m lower than the upper mound. The surrounding land may be considered some of the most fertile agricultural terrains in the country and the site occupies a key strategic position, dominating the crossroads of two major trade routes.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::962a9c990763d756a89bc1788d2dff1a
https://doi.org/10.4236/ahs.2020.94018 -
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المؤلفون: Robin Bendrey, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, A Amini, Michael Gregg, A. Naderi Beni, Y Zha, Elena Marinova, H. Fazeli Nashli
المساهمون: Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Golestan University, St. Francis Xavier University (StFX), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', University of Edinburgh, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography, University of Tehran, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
المصدر: Quaternary Science Reviews
Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier, 2019, 218, pp.343-364. ⟨10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.038⟩
Quaternary Science Reviews, 2019, 218, pp.343-364. ⟨10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.038⟩
Leroy, S A G, Amini, A, Gregg, M W, Marinova, E, Bendrey, R, Zha, Y, Naderi Beni, A & Fazeli Nashli, H 2019, ' Human responses to environmental change on the southern coastal plain of the Caspian Sea during the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods ', Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 218, pp. 343-364 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.038مصطلحات موضوعية: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Pleistocene, Coastal plain, Population, palaeogeography, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Middle East, Pleistocene-Holocene transition, Foothills, Younger Dryas, education, neolithization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, Mesolithic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Caspian Sea levels, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, vegetation dynamics, Ecology, Geology, 15. Life on land, Palynology, human response, Geography, Archaeology, faunal and botanical evidence
الوصف: This paper presents results of a multidisciplinary research initiative examining human responses to environmental change at the intersection of the southern coastal plain of the Caspian Sea and the foothills of the Alborz Mountains during the terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene. Our palaeo-environmental analysis of two sedimentary cores obtained from a lagoon in close proximity to four caves, occupied by human groups during the transition from hunting and gathering to food-producing ways of life in this region, confirms Charles McBurney's 1968 hypothesis that when Caspian Sea levels were high, Mesolithic hunters were reliant on seal and deer, but as water levels receded and a wide coastal plain emerged, hunters consumed a different range of herbivorous mammalian species. Palynological evidence obtained from these two cores also demonstrates that the cool and dry climatic conditions often associated with the Younger Dryas stadial do not appear to have been extreme in this region. Thus, increasingly sedentary hunting and gathering groups could have drawn on plant and animal resources from multiple ecological niches without suffering significant resource stress or reduced population levels that may have been encountered in neighbouring regions. Our analyses of botanical, faunal and archaeological remains from a recently-discovered open-air Mesolithic and aceramic Neolithic site also shows an early process of Neolithization in the southern Caspian basin, which was a very gradual, low-cost adaptation to new ways of life, with neither the abandonment of hunting and gathering, nor a climatic trigger event for the emergence of a low-level, food-producing society.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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المؤلفون: Jacob Vardi, Linoy Namdar, Yitzhak Paz, Lidar Sapir-Hen
المصدر: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 13
مصطلحات موضوعية: Archeology, Middle East, geography.geographical_feature_category, Southern Levant, business.industry, Chalcolithic, Animal husbandry, Archaeology, Geography, Anthropology, Period (geology), Livestock, Pottery, business, Wadi
الوصف: Our research examines the extent of animal husbandry between the Early and the Late Pottery Neolithic period in the southern Levant. Based on the faunal analysis of several assemblages from sites dated to the Jericho IX/Lodian (7800–7500 Bp) and Wadi Raba cultures (7500–6500 Bp), located in diverse geographic zones, it expands upon the current knowledge regarding the status of livestock exploitation and the extent of hunting. We expected some measure of exploitation of secondary products, as previous studies show that intense use of livestock for milk had already emerged in several places in Europe and the Near East by the 8th millennium BC. Our examination of the species abundance, herd demography, and changes in body size of the main livestock animals and wild species in multiple sites showed that livestock were utilized mainly for meat, and not for their secondary products. Additionally, while the animal economy in all sites relied on a combination of livestock and wild species, the extent of reliance on each source varied greatly between sites, especially in the Late Pottery Neolithic. Finally, our findings demonstrate that the economy of the Late Pottery Neolithic (Wadi Raba) of the southern Levant is more similar to the Early Pottery Neolithic (Jericho IX/Lodian) than to the later Chalcolithic Ghassulian.
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المؤلفون: Stanislav Grigoriev
المصدر: Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology, Vol 8, Iss 2 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Archeology, History, Steppe, bone cheekpieces, Ancient history, chariots, D51-90, law.invention, Bronze Age, law, Medicine, Radiocarbon dating, Classics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Middle East, business.industry, Eastern european, bronze age, Archaeology, Chariot, 2nd millennium BC, greek and thracian origins, business, CC1-960, Chronology
الوصف: It is believed that chariots and cheekpieces for harnessing horses were invented in the steppe in the late 3rd – early 2nd millennium BC. From the steppe, the chariots reached the Carpathians, Mycenae and the Near East. However, these conclusions are based on the use of radiocarbon dates for the steppe complexes and historical ones for the Near Eastern ones. Correlation with the Carpathian materials was made on the basis of chronological schemes outdated for this region. The analysis shows that chariots spread to both regions independently, from the Near East, and the appearance of both chariots and cheekpieces in Mycenaean Greece was associated with the arrival of small elite groups from the Carpathians, probably of Thracian origin. It has made it possible to link the Eastern European and Ural cultures to the historical chronology of the Eastern Mediterranean.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::03b3d1c378c05702b58b5a409b5b5bc3
https://doi.org/10.14795/j.v8i2.633 -
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المؤلفون: Irina Usacheva
المصدر: Journal of Lithic Studies. 7
مصطلحات موضوعية: Middle East, Geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pleistocene, Bronze Age, Mesopotamia, Archaeology, Holocene, Chronology, Near Eastern archaeology
الوصف: Transverse grooved stones (TGS) believed to be used as shaft straighteners, first made their appearance at Epipalaeolithic sites in the Near East from where they spread to the Mediterranean coasts of Africa and Europe, but mostly to Northern Eurasia (the steppe, forest-steppe, and semi-desert zones). It has been discovered that the spread of TGA has been carried out along different paths. Moreover, grooved stones along each of these transmission routes can be distinguished by their unique decorative and morphological characteristics. The aim of this paper is to clarify the circumstances and the date of appearance of the first TGS, localization of their initial areas, and identification of their respective decorative and morphological features. This is a necessary condition for identifying the starting points of the subsequent transit carriers of TGS' tradition and tracing the directions of interaction in Eurasia during the end of the Pleistocene – the first half of the Holocene period using TGS as markers. The initial database was formed on the basis of the scientific publications on the Near East. The following is a presentation of the analytical review of at least 200 grooved stones and 80 sites in their starting area in south-western Asia. The analysis used a systematic approach with emphasis on chronology, environment, petrography, morphology, functional-typological data where such were available, and TGS’ decor. But first of all, the study pays attention to the distribution of TGS and their cultural and chronological boundaries in this region. For this purpose, it was performed the mapping of findings in two chronological levels – up to 8000 thousand BCE and after, with the marking of decorated products. The results enabled us to detect that the geographical spread of grooved artefacts of this type is limited in the Near East to the area of central Anatolia and Fertile Crescent, with a boundary along the desert-steppes. At least three concentrations can be clearly distinguished: the Levant, Zagros Mountains, and Upper Mesopotamia - central Anatolia, where the products are characterized by specific features of decorative and morphological design and in one case (Levant) an additional observed petrographic specificity. Currently, the earliest cases are recorded in Early Natufian contexts in the Levant and in Epipalaeolithic contexts of the Anatolian plateau since the 13th millennium cal BCE. Thus, one can confidently state that the introduction of TGS in the Middle East is generally linked to the Epipalaeolithic sites (Natufian, Harifian, and Western Zarzian) and is definitely associated with hunter-gatherers. The heyday of TGS falls on the PPNA and lasts to the beginning of the early Bronze Age, when they finally disappear.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b3cb286c238f31f287b9d452b2a561de
https://doi.org/10.2218/jls.3094 -
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المؤلفون: Sofiane Bouzid, François Pompanon, Bea De Cupere, Camille Bader, Hossein Davoudi, Philippe Abrahami, Daniel Helmer, Catherine Breniquet, Azadeh Fatemeh Mohaseb, Thomas Cucchi, Rémi Berthon, Moussab Albesso, Oscar Estrada, Lionel Gourichon, Emmanuelle Vila, Marjan Mashkour, Daniel G. Bradley, Manon Vuillien, Jwana Chahoud, Ludovic Orlando, Jacqueline Studer, Wei Huangfu, Cécile Michel, Gilles Escarguel, Joséphine Lesur, Agraw Amane
المساهمون: ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Addis Ababa University (AAU), International Livestock Research Institute [CGIAR, Ethiopie] (ILRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Trinity College Dublin, Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' (CHEC), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), University of Tehran, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Équipe 6 - Paléontologie, Paléoécologie, Paléobiogéographie, Évolution (P3E), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux (MOM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Natural History Museum [Geneva], ANR-17-CE27-0004,EVOSHEEP,Exploration des premières innovations zootechniques dans les sociétés du sud-ouest asiatique (5e-1er millénaires av. J.-C.)(2017), Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Archaeozoological section, Bioarchaeological laboratory, Directorate Earth & History of Life, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Archaeozoology, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, ILRI Ethiopia (ILRI), ILRI, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Archaeology, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien [Archéorient], Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 [HALMA], Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements [AASPE], Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' [CHEC], Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse [AMIS], Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité [ArScAn], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine [LECA ], Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age [CEPAM], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe 6 - Paléontologie, Paléoécologie, Paléobiogéographie, Évolution [P3E]
المصدر: Antiquity
Antiquity, 2021, 95 (379), pp.e2, 1-8. ⟨10.15184/aqy.2020.247⟩
Antiquity, Antiquity Publications/Cambridge University Press, 2021, 95 (379), pp.e2, 1-8. ⟨10.15184/aqy.2020.247⟩
Antiquity Project Gallery
Antiquity Project Gallery, 2021, 95 (379), pp.e2, 1-8. ⟨10.15184/aqy.2020.247⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: Near East, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Textile production, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Levant, Archaeozoology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Morphometrics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Geometric morphometrics, Middle East, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Africa, Sheep, 060102 archaeology, General Arts and Humanities, Mesopotamia, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Geography, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
الوصف: International audience; The EVOSHEEP project combines archaeozoology, geometric morphometrics and genetics to study archaeo- logical sheep assemblages dating from the sixth to the first millennia BC in eastern Africa, the Levant, the Ana- tolian South Caucasus, the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia. The project aims to understand changes in the physical appearance and phenotypic characteristics of sheep and how these related to the appearance of new breeds and the demand for secondary products to supply the textile industry.
وصف الملف: application/octet-stream
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المؤلفون: Emily Hammer, Jason Ur
المصدر: Advances in Archaeological Practice. 7:107-126
مصطلحات موضوعية: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography, Marsh, geography.geographical_feature_category, Middle East, 060102 archaeology, media_common.quotation_subject, Empire, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Aerial imagery, Prehistory, Aerial perspective, 0601 history and archaeology, Satellite imagery, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
الوصف: Recently declassified photographs taken by U2 spy planes in the 1950s and 1960s provide an important new source of historical aerial imagery useful for Eurasian archaeology. Like other sources of historical imagery, U2 photos provide a window into the past, before modern agriculture and development destroyed many archaeological sites. U2 imagery is older and in many cases higher resolution than CORONA spy satellite imagery, the other major source of historical imagery for Eurasia, and thus can expand the range of archaeological sites and features that can be studied from an aerial perspective. However, there are significant barriers to finding and retrieving U2 imagery of particular locales, and archaeologists have thus not yet widely used it. In this article, we aim to reduce these barriers by describing the U2 photo dataset and how to access it. We also provide the first spatial index of U2 photos for the Middle East. A brief discussion of archaeological case studies drawn from U2 imagery illustrates its merits and limitations. These case studies include investigations of prehistoric mass-kill hunting traps in eastern Jordan, irrigation systems of the first millennium BC Neo-Assyrian Empire in northern Iraq, and twentieth-century marsh communities in southern Iraq.
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