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المؤلفون: Dong-Jae Lee, Young Joon Choi, Bora Nam
المصدر: Mycobiology, Vol 49, Iss 5, Pp 476-490 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Mucorales, biology, Microbial diversity, Ecology (disciplines), fungi, Botany, mucorales, Fungus, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Saksenaea, oomycota, Infectious Diseases, climate change, microbial diversity, QK1-989, sense organs, freshwater, human activities
الوصف: Global temperatures are steadily increasing, leading to significant changes in microbial diversity and ecology. In the present study, we isolated high-temperature-growing fungi and fungi-like group (Oomycota) strains from freshwater environments of Korea and identified them based on cultural, morphological, and multilocus phylogenetic analyses. As a result, we introduce Saksenaea (Fungi) isolates as a new species, Saksenaea longicolla sp. nov. and record Phytophthora chlamydospora and P. lagoariana (Oomycota) new to Korea. In the growth experiments, they exhibited high-temperature tolerance, which can grow at 35–40 °C but become inactive at 4 °C and below. This study confirms the presence of high-temperature-tolerant fungi and oomycetes in Korea and suggests that the Korean climate conditions are changing in favor of these species. This indicates that climate warming is altering microbial distributions in freshwater environments.
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المؤلفون: Julia Langer, Klaus Schwenk, Bora Nam, Rahul Sharma, Marco Thines, Louis A. Hanic, Maarten Boersma
المصدر: Mycological Progress. 20:509-516
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Oomycete, Detritus, biology, Obligate, Ecology, Peronosporaceae, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Genus, Biological dispersal, Ecosystem, Saprolegniaceae, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
الوصف: Marine oomycetes are highly diverse, globally distributed, and play key roles in marine food webs as decomposers, food source, and parasites. Despite their potential importance in global ocean ecosystems, marine oomycetes are comparatively little studied. Here, we tested if the primer pair cox2F_Hud and cox2-RC4, which is already well-established for phylogenetic investigations of terrestrial oomycetes, can also be used for high-throughput community barcoding. Community barcoding of a plankton sample from Brudenell River (Prince Edward Island, Canada), revealed six distinct oomycete OTU clusters. Two of these clusters corresponded to members of the Peronosporaceae—one could be assigned to Peronospora verna, an obligate biotrophic pathogen of the terrestrial plant Veronica serpyllifolia and related species, the other was closely related to Globisporangium rostratum. While the detection of the former in the sample is likely due to long-distance dispersal from the island, the latter might be a bona fide marine species, as several cultivable species of the Peronosporaceae are known to withstand high salt concentrations. Two OTU lineages could be assigned to the Saprolegniaceae. While these might represent marine species of the otherwise terrestrial genus, it is also conceivable that they were introduced on detritus from the island. Two additional OTU clusters were grouped with the early-diverging oomycete lineages but could not be assigned to a specific family. This reflects the current underrepresentation of cox2 sequence data which will hopefully improve with the increasing interest in marine oomycetes.
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المؤلفون: Bora Nam, Soo-Dong Park, Jooyun Kim, Hyeonji Kim, Jae-Hun Sim, Jung-Lyoul Lee, Jisoo Kim, Chuhyun Bae, Woo Nam, Younji Lee
المصدر: Journal of Medicinal Food. 23:575-583
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Leukocyte migration, Lactobacillus casei, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Inhalation, biology, business.industry, Medicine (miscellaneous), Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, Proinflammatory cytokine, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bronchoalveolar lavage, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, biology.protein, business, Oxidative stress, Bifidobacterium
الوصف: Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health effects. Inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with elevated pulmonary diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the initiation of lung inflammation following inhalation is unclear. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of two probiotics, Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Bifidobacterium lactis HY8002, against PM-induced pulmonary inflammation. Model mice were subjected to chronic exposure of PM2.5. The results showed that PM2.5 enhanced oxidative stress and led to Th2 cytokine responses in the mice. PM2.5-exposed mice were orally administered with HY2782 and HY8002 from the day of first exposure to the end point of the study. The results showed that HY2782 ameliorated PM 2.5 exposure-enhanced leukocyte migration and activation of proinflammatory cytokines. HY2782 and HY8002 also prevented exacerbation of eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HY2782 and HY8002 significantly increased scavenging of PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species and activated superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the blood. These results indicate that the probiotics HY2782 and HY8002 protect against PM-induced pulmonary inflammation.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::538774ebb94acf95d7d681b30c8d458f
https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2019.4604 -
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المؤلفون: Young Joon Choi, Bora Nam
المصدر: Mycobiology, Vol 47, Iss 3, Pp 261-272 (2019)
Mycobiologyمصطلحات موضوعية: Oomycete, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ecology, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, pythiales, Phytopythium, lcsh:QK1-989, 030308 mycology & parasitology, taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Infectious Diseases, lcsh:Botany, Taxonomy (biology), Pythium, ecology, freshwater, Pythiales, Research Article, 030304 developmental biology
الوصف: Oomycetes are widely distributed in various environments, including desert and polar regions. Depending upon different habits and hosts, they have evolved with both saprophytic and pathogenic nutritional modes. Freshwater ecosystem is one of the most important habitats for members of oomycetes. Most studies on oomycete diversity, however, have been biased mostly towards terrestrial phytopathogenic species, rather than aquatic species, although their roles as saprophytes and parasites are essential for freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we isolated oomycete strains from soil sediment, algae, and decaying plant debris in freshwater streams of Korea. The strains were identified based on cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS rDNA, cox1, and cox2 mtDNA sequences. As a result, we discovered eight oomycete species previously unknown in Korea, namely Phytopythium chamaehyphon, Phytopythium litorale, Phytopythium vexans, Pythium diclinum, Pythium heterothallicum, Pythium inflatum, Pythium intermedium, and Pythium oopapillum. Diversity and ecology of freshwater oomycetes in Korea are poorly understood. This study could contribute to understand their distribution and ecological function in freshwater ecosystem.
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المؤلفون: Jae-Hun Sim, Joo Yun Kim, Jang Sung Sik, Jeung Woon Hee, Hyeon Ji Kim, Soo-Dong Park, Bora Nam, Jung-Lyoul Lee, Woo Nam
المصدر: Preventive Nutrition and Food Science. 24:136-143
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Normal diet, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Gut flora, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Oral administration, medicine, Food science, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Adiponectin, Leptin, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, nutritional and metabolic diseases, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Obesity, Lactic acid, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Lactobacillus plantarum, Food Science
الوصف: Obesity is a major health issue worldwide, and is associated with many diseases including type 2 diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of combinations of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, and Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR) extract, and explored the mechanism through which they modulate gut microbiota using diet-induced obese mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups that received a high-fat diet (HFD), HFD and LAB (HFD+LAB), HFD and CR extract (HFD+CR), HFD with LAB and CR extract (HFD+LAB+CR), or normal diet for 10 weeks. The mice in the HFD+LAB+CR group showed significant reductions in body weight gain, in particular epididymal fat and liver, blood leptin levels, and an increase in the levels of blood adiponectin. In addition, the LAB and CR extract altered the gut microbiota, mainly increasing the alpha diversity. These results demonstrate that a mixture of two LAB (Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032) and CR extracts alleviate HFD-induced obesity, and has potential of being used as a strategy for the treatment of obesity.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b39e04d6f744ce759ffa88864544bc5d
https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2019.24.2.136 -
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المؤلفون: Bora Nam, Young Joon Choi, Hyang Burm Lee, Thuong T. T. Nguyen, Seo Hee Lee
المصدر: Mycobiology, Vol 47, Iss 2, Pp 135-142 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Oomycete, biology, Saprolegniales, mycosis, food and beverages, Achlya, Saprolegnia, biology.organism_classification, oomycetes, Microbiology, Achlyaceae, lcsh:QK1-989, freshwater fungi, Infectious Diseases, lcsh:Botany, Botany, emerging disease, Achlya americana
الوصف: Many members of the Saprolegniales (Oomycete) cause mycoses and disorders of fishes, of which Achlya and Saprolegnia are most ubiquitous genera worldwide. During a survey of the diversity of freshwater oomycetes in Korea, we collected seven isolates of Achlya, for which morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses enabled them to identify as Achlya americana and Achlya bisexualis. In Korea, only a species of Achlya, A. prolifera, has been previously found to cause seedling rot on rice (Oryza sativa), but none of the two species have been reported yet. Importantly, A. bisexualis was isolated from a live fish, namely rice fish (Oryzias sinensis), as well as freshwater, and this is the first report of Achlya-causing mycoses on freshwater fishes in Korea. The presence of A. americana and A. bisexualis on live fish in Korea should be closely monitored, as considering the well-known broad infectivity of these species it has the potential to cause an important emerging disease on aquaculture industry.
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المؤلفون: Bora Nam, Woo Nam, Jae-Hun Sim, Soo A Kim, Jung-Lyoul Lee, Soo-Dong Park, Jang Sung Sik, Jeung Woon Hee
المصدر: Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Myosin light-chain kinase, tight junctions, biology, Tight junction, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Inflammation, Articles, Pharmacology, biology.organism_classification, Occludin, anti-inflammation, lactic acid bacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Mrna level, Caco-2, medicine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, medicine.symptom, Caco-2 cells, Lactobacillus plantarum, 030304 developmental biology, Food Science
الوصف: In addition to intestinal balance, probiotics are known to have beneficial effects on skin inflammation, metabolic diseases, and emotions. Previously, we have reported the skin anti-aging effects of Lactobacillus plantarum HY7714 (HY7714) in a clinical trial. To prove the protective skin effects of HY7714 through the intestinal tight junction (TJ), we investigated the effects of HY7714 on the intestines through tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced TJ defects in Caco-2 cells. Specifically, 24 h treatment with HY7714 restored the decreased expression of zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-1 compared to the TNF-α-treated groups (P
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::755f5d9cbe2aa18fee7284aacc562040
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6456235 -
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المؤلفون: Bora Nam, Okjin Kim, Hyun-A Lee, Jisoo Kim, Jooyun Kim
المصدر: Laboratory Animal Research, Vol 36, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Lactobacillus paracasei, Perilla frutescens var. acuta, Glycyrrhiza glabr, Virulence, Drug resistance, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, CagA, lcsh:QH301-705.5, lcsh:R5-920, HP7, Perilla frutescens, Helicobacter pylori, biology, Stomach, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, lcsh:Biology (General), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Glycyrrhiza, lcsh:Medicine (General)
الوصف: The effect of standard therapeutic strategies on Helicobacter pylori infection is diminished over time owing to the emergence of drug resistant strains. In this study, we would like to confirm the enhanced effect of L. paracasei HP7, which has been reported to exert antibacterial and gastric mucosal protective effects, in combination with Perilla frutescens var. acuta (P. frutescens)and Glycyrrhiza glabra (G. glabra) extracts. P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract were found to inhibit the growth of H. pylori in a concentration-dependent manner, and the combination of L. paracasei HP7 and P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract effectively inhibited H. pylori from attaching to AGS a gastric epithelial cells. Moreover, L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts has been shown to inhibit H. pylori virulence genes such as AlpA, CagA, FlaA and UreA. When H. pylori-infected mice were administered a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extract, the infection rate of H. pylori was significantly reduced. In addition, the L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture significantly reduced serum IL-8 levels and stomach inflammation in H. pylori infected mice. These results suggest that a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts may be an alternative to treating diseases caused by H. pylori infection.
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المؤلفون: Jose G. Maciá-Vicente, Marco Thines, Bora Nam
مصطلحات موضوعية: Assembly rules, Oomycete, Host (biology), Ecology, Microorganism, Colonization, Brassicaceae, Microbiome, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Bacteria
الوصف: The plant family Brassicaceae includes some of the most studied hosts of plant microbiomes, targeting microbial diversity, community assembly rules, and effects on host performance. Compared to bacteria, eukaryotes in the brassicaceous microbiome remain understudied, especially under natural settings. Here, we assessed the impact of host identity and age on the assembly of fungal and oomycete root communities, using DNA metabarcoding of roots and associated soil of three annual co-habiting Brassicaceae collected at two time points. Our results showed that fungal communities are more diverse and structured than those of oomycetes. In both cases, plant identity and sampling time had little influence on community variation, whereas root/soil compartment had a strong effect by exerting control on the entry of soil microorganisms into the roots. The enrichment in roots of specific fungi suggests a specialization towards the asymptomatic colonization of plant tissues, which could be relevant to host’s fitness and health.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::df5ad60fa0a64ec0b0130007832ed749
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.24.918177 -
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المؤلفون: Marco Thines, Bora Nam, Jose G. Maciá-Vicente
المصدر: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 146
Soil Biology and Biochemistry 146 (2020)مصطلحات موضوعية: Assembly rules, Oomycete, biology, Peronosporales, Host (biology), Soil Science, Brassicaceae, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Roots, Helotiales, Botany, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Endophytes, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Colonization, Microbiome, Pathogens, Symbiosis
الوصف: The plant family Brassicaceae includes some of the most studied hosts of plant microbiomes, improving our knowledge of microbial diversity, community assembly rules, and effects on host performance. Compared to bacteria, eukaryotes in the microbiome of Brassicaceae remain understudied, especially under field conditions. Here, we assessed the impact of host identity and age on the assembly of fungal and oomycete root communities, using DNA metabarcoding of roots and associated soil of three annual co-habiting Brassicaceae collected at two growth stages from a site untouched for a long time. Our results showed that communities of root-associated fungi are more diverse and structured across factors than those of oomycetes. In both cases, plant identity and growth stage had little influence on the community structure of fungi and oomycetes, whereas soil/root compartment had a strong effect by filtering, resulting in a reduction of the number of microorganisms in roots as compared to the surrounding soil. The enrichment in roots with respect to soil of specific fungi and oomycetes, such as members of the Helotiales or the Peronosporales, suggests a specialization towards the asymptomatic colonization of plant tissues that could be relevant to host fitness and health.
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