المؤلفون: Yang L; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China., Yuan Y; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100094, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China; Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation, Oingdao, Shandong 266100, China., Xiong L; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China., Zhao Q; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100094, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China; Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation, Oingdao, Shandong 266100, China., Yang M; Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100094, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China; Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation, Oingdao, Shandong 266100, China., Suo X; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China., Hao Z; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100094, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China; Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation, Oingdao, Shandong 266100, China.

المصدر: Veterinary parasitology [Vet Parasitol] 2024 Jul; Vol. 329, pp. 110194. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7602745 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-2550 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03044017 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Vet Parasitol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Eimeria tenella*/drug effects , Chickens* , Apoptosis*/drug effects , Cecum*/parasitology , Coccidiosis*/veterinary , Coccidiosis*/drug therapy , Coccidiosis*/parasitology , Poultry Diseases*/parasitology , Poultry Diseases*/drug therapy, Animals ; Coccidiostats/pharmacology ; Coccidiostats/therapeutic use

مستخلص: To investigate the therapeutic effect of toosendanin (TSN) against Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) in chicks. In this experiment, a chick model of artificially induced E. tenella infection was established. The anti-coccidial effect was investigated by treating different doses of TSN. A preliminary mechanism of action was conducted, using cecal cell apoptosis as a starting point. TSN at the concentration of 5 mg/kg BW showed the best effect against E. tenella with the ACI value of 164.35. In addition, TSN reduced pathological damage to cecal tissue, increased the secretion of glycogen and mucus in cecal mucosa, and enhanced the mucosal protective effect. It also elevated the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and IgG in serum, and raised the sIgA content in cecal tissue of infected chicks, thereby improving overall immune function. TSN was observed to promote the apoptosis of cecum tissue cells by TUNEL staining analysis. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that in TSN-treated groups, the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax was elevated, while the expression of Bcl-2 was reduced. TSN induced apoptosis in host cells by dose-dependently decreasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and upregulating Caspase-3 expression. In summary, TSN exhibited significant anticoccidial efficacy by facilitating apoptosis in host cecal cells, with the most pronounced effect observed at a dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

المؤلفون: Yu H; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Tang J; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Dong L; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Tang M; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Arif A; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Zhang T; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Zhang G; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Xie K; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Zhao Z; Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China., Dai G; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. Electronic address: Daigj@yzu.edu.cn.

المصدر: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2024 Jun; Vol. 269 (Pt 1), pp. 131807. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7909578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01418130 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Macromol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens* , Coccidiosis*/veterinary , Coccidiosis*/immunology , Coccidiosis*/genetics , Coccidiosis*/parasitology , Eimeria tenella* , Gene Expression Profiling* , MicroRNAs*/genetics , Poultry Diseases*/parasitology , Poultry Diseases*/genetics , Poultry Diseases*/immunology, Animals ; Cecum/parasitology ; Cell Line ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Cytokines/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Inflammation/genetics ; Inflammation/immunology ; Inflammation/parasitology ; Signal Transduction ; Transcriptome ; Male ; Female

مستخلص: Coccidiosis is an important parasitic protozoan disease in poultry farming, causing huge economic losses in the global poultry industry every year. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of RNA macromolecules that play important roles in the immune response to pathogens. However, the expression profiles and functions of miRNAs during Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) infection in chickens remain mostly uncharacterized. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of cecal tissues of control (JC), resistant (JR), and susceptible (JS) chickens led to the identification of 35 differentially expressed miRNAs among the three groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly associated with the TGF-beta, NF-kB, and Jak-STAT signaling pathways. Notably, gga-miR-2954 was found to be significantly upregulated after coccidial infection. Functional analysis showed that gga-miR-2954 inhibited the production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8 in sporozoite-stimulated DF-1 cells. Mechanistically, we found that gga-miR-2954 targeted the RORC gene and that RORC promoted the inflammatory response in sporozoite-stimulated DF-1 cells. In conclusion, our study was the first to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in chicken cecal tissue during E. tenella infection and found that gga-miR-2954 regulates the host immune response to coccidial infection in chickens by targeting the RORC gene.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Chen W; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Ma C; College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Li G; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Jia Z; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Yang X; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Pan X; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China., Ma D; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China. madexing@neau.edu.cn.; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China. madexing@neau.edu.cn.

المصدر: Veterinary research [Vet Res] 2021 Feb 17; Vol. 52 (1), pp. 24. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9309551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1297-9716 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09284249 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Vet Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens*, Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Eimeria tenella/*immunology , Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control , Protozoan Proteins/*immunology , Sporozoites/*immunology, Animals ; Bacteriophages ; Cecum/pathology ; Coccidiosis/prevention & control ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation

مستخلص: Avian coccidiosis caused by Eimeria leads to huge economic losses on the global poultry industry. In this study, microneme adhesive repeat regions (MARR) bc1 of E. tenella microneme protein 3 (EtMIC3-bc1) was used as ligand, and peptides binding to EtMIC3 were screened from a phage display peptide library. The positive phage clones were checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Competitive ELISA was applied to further verify the binding capability between the positive phages and recombinant EtMIC3-bc1 protein or sporozoites protein. The inhibitory effects of target peptides on sporozoites invasion of MDBK cells were measured in vitro. Chickens were orally administrated with target positive phages and the protective effects against homologous challenge were evaluated. The model of three-dimensional (3D) structure for EtMIC3-bc1 was conducted, and molecular docking between target peptides and EtMIC3-bc1 model was analyzed. The results demonstrated that three selected positive phages specifically bind to EtMIC3-bc1 protein. The three peptides A, D and W effectively inhibited invasion of MDBK cells by sporozoites, showing inhibited ratio of 71.8%, 54.6% and 20.8%, respectively. Chickens in the group orally inoculated with phages A displayed more protective efficacies against homologous challenge than other groups. Molecular docking showed that amino acids in three peptides, especially in peptide A, insert into the hydrophobic groove of EtMIC3-bc1 protein, and bind to EtMIC3-bc1 through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Taken together, the results suggest EtMIC3-binding peptides inhibit sporozoites entry into host cells. This study provides new idea for exploring novel strategies against coccidiosis.

المؤلفون: Huang H; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Jiang Y; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Zhou F; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Shi C; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Yang W; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Wang J; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Kang Y; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Cao X; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Wang C; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: wangchunfeng@jlau.edu.cn., Yang G; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: yangguilian@jlau.edu.cn.

المصدر: Experimental parasitology [Exp Parasitol] 2020 Aug; Vol. 215, pp. 107901. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 07.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370713 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2449 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00144894 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Exp Parasitol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Protozoan Vaccines*, 12E7 Antigen/*immunology , Chickens/*parasitology , Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Eimeria tenella/*immunology , Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control, Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/immunology ; Cecum/parasitology ; Coccidiosis/economics ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Coccidiosis/prevention & control ; Eimeria tenella/chemistry ; Flow Cytometry/veterinary ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Interferon-gamma/blood ; Interleukin-2/blood ; Intestines/immunology ; Lactobacillus plantarum/genetics ; Lactobacillus plantarum/immunology ; Poultry Diseases/economics ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology ; Random Allocation ; Vaccines, Synthetic

مستخلص: Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) has caused severe economic loss in chicken production, especially after the forbidden use of antibiotics in feed. Considering the drug resistant problem caused by misuse of chemoprophylaxis and live oocyst vaccines can affect the productivity of chickens, also it has the risk to reversion of virulence, the development of efficacious, convenient and safe vaccines is still deeply needed. In this study, the EtMic2 protein of E. tenella was anchored on the surface of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) NC8 strain. The newly constructed strain was then used to immunize chickens, followed by E. tenella challenge. The results demonstrated that the recombinant strain could provide efficient protection against E. tenella, shown by increased relative body weight gains, percentages of CD4 ⁺  and CD8 ⁺ T cells, humoral immune response and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, decreased cecum lesion scores and fecal oocyst shedding were also observed during the experiment. In conclusion, this study proves the possibility to use L. plantarum as a vessel to deliver protective antigen to protect chickens against coccidiosis.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors have no financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias their work.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Chen HL; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Zhao XY; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Zhao GX; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Huang HB; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Li HR; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Shi CW; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Yang WT; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Jiang YL; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Wang JZ; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Ye LP; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Zhao Q; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China., Wang CF; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. wangchunfeng@jlau.edu.cn., Yang GL; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. yangguilian@jlau.edu.cn.

المصدر: Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2020 Feb 11; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 56. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 11.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101462774 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-3305 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17563305 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasit Vectors Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens*/microbiology , Chickens*/parasitology , Eimeria tenella*/genetics , Eimeria tenella*/parasitology, Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*genetics , Poultry Diseases/*parasitology, Animals ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Cecum/microbiology ; Cecum/parasitology ; Cecum/pathology ; Coccidiosis/therapy ; Metagenomics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics

مستخلص: Background: Eimeria spp. are responsible for chicken coccidiosis which is the most important enteric protozoan disease resulting in tremendous economic losses in the poultry industry. Understanding the interaction between the avian cecal microbiota and coccidia is of interest in the development of alternative treatments that do not rely on chemotherapeutics and do not lead to drug resistance.
Methods: We utilized 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect the dynamics of the cecal microbial community in AA broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. Histopathological analysis of the cecum was also conducted.
Results: We found that microbial shifts occur during the infection. Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcaceae UCG-013, Romboutsia and Shuttleworthia decreased in abundance. However, the opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus and Streptococcus increased in abundance over time in response to the infection.
Conclusions: Eimeria tenella disrupts the integrity of the cecal microbiota and could promote the establishment and growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Defining bacterial populations affected by coccidial infection might help identify bacterial markers for intestinal disease as well as populations or species that could be beneficial in maintaining and restoring gut homeostasis during and after infection with E. tenella.

المؤلفون: Schneiders GH; NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602., Foutz JC; NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602., Fuller AL; NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602., Nelson J; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602., Rekaya R; Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602., Aggrey SE; NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.

المصدر: The Journal of parasitology [J Parasitol] 2020 Jun 01; Vol. 106 (3), pp. 428-437.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Society of Parasitologists [etc.] Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7803124 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1937-2345 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223395 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Parasitol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens/*parasitology , Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Eimeria tenella/*physiology , Heat Stress Disorders/*veterinary , Poultry Diseases/*parasitology, Animals ; Cattle ; Cecum/pathology ; Cell Line ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Eimeria tenella/growth & development ; Eimeria tenella/pathogenicity ; Flow Cytometry/veterinary ; Heat Stress Disorders/complications ; Hot Temperature ; Merozoites/growth & development ; Merozoites/physiology ; Sporozoites/physiology

مستخلص: Commonly found in backyard and commercial poultry production, coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria species, presents a self-limiting intestinal infection based on the number of ingested oocysts. Heat stress (HS) is one of the major environmental stressors in poultry, predisposing broiler chickens to immunosuppression and rendering them susceptible to diseases. There are suggestions that HS reduces Eimeria oocyst shedding in chickens; however, the relationship between HS and coccidiosis is not well elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature on viability, morphology, infectivity, and development of Eimeria tenella in vitro, and merozoite production and oocyst shedding in vivo. In vitro exposure of sporozoites to 55 C for at least 60 min reduced sporozoites viability as shown by morphological changes and rendering them unable to invade Mardin-Darbi bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Intracellular development of merozoites was significantly reduced by an increase in 2 C in the optimal temperature of incubation in vitro. Most importantly, the induction of HS in the live chickens caused significantly lower lesion scores, reduced merozoite production, and oocyst shedding, resulting in a much less severe disease outcome.
(© American Society of Parasitologists 2020.)

المؤلفون: El-Shazly KA; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, KafrElsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt., El-Latif AA; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, KafrElsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt., Abdo W; Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, KafrElsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt., El-Morsey A; Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt. el.el-sayed@nrc.sci.eg., El-Aziz MIA; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, KafrElsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt., El-Mogazy H; Poultry Production and Medicine Unit, Veterinary Administration, Kafr El-Sheikh, Kafr El-Sheikh Province, Egypt.

المصدر: Parasitology research [Parasitol Res] 2020 Jun; Vol. 119 (6), pp. 1955-1968. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer International Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8703571 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-1955 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09320113 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasitol Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Eimeria tenella*, Chickens/*parasitology , Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Coccidiostats/*pharmacology , Fluoroquinolones/*therapeutic use , Poultry Diseases/*drug therapy, Animals ; Cecum/pathology ; Coccidiosis/drug therapy ; Feces/parasitology ; Nitriles/therapeutic use ; Oocysts/drug effects ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology ; Triazines/therapeutic use ; Weight Gain/drug effects

مستخلص: Coccidiosis is a crucial parasitic disease of the poultry industry. As a result of the enormous global economic losses and the increased resistance to the conventional anticoccidial agents, there is a continuous need to find new anticoccidials. Here, the anticoccidial effect of the fluoroquinolone lomefloxacin versus diclazuril in experimentally infected broilers was tested for the treatment of Eimeria tenella infection. Ninety 14-day-old Cobb strain broiler chickens were allocated into five groups, each with 18 chicks. Group 1 (G1) was separated as an uninfected negative control and received no treatment; group 2 (G2), infected untreated (positive control); group 3 (G3), infected and treated with lomefloxacin at a dose rate of 100 ppm in drinking water; group 4 (G4), infected and treated with diclazuril at a dose rate of 2.5 ppm in drinking water; group 5 (G5), infected and treated with lomefloxacin at a dose rate of 100 ppm plus diclazuril at dose rate of 2.5 ppm in drinking water. Clinical signs, mortality rates, number of oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG), growth performance parameters (weight gain: WG and feed conversion ratio: FCR), lesion scoring, haematological and serum biochemical analyses, antioxidant biomarkers and histopathologic inspection of the caeca were used as evaluation criteria for the anticoccidial efficacy of both lomefloxacin and diclazuril. The findings herein showed that administration of lomefloxacin and/or diclazuril improved growth performance parameters (WG, FCR) and significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced OPG, and diminished the severity of bloody diarrhoea and mortalities. Additionally, haematological indices and serum biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, uric acid, total proteins, albumin and globulin were improved. Finally, a significant elevation in the levels of the antioxidant biomarkers was observed in the chicks of G3, G4 and G5 as compared with those of G2.

المؤلفون: Zhou BH; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhoubh@haust.edu.cn., Jia LS; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China., Wei SS; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China., Ding HY; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China., Yang JY; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China., Wang HW; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wanghw@haust.edu.cn.

المصدر: Poultry science [Poult Sci] 2020 Mar; Vol. 99 (3), pp. 1297-1305. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 22.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401150 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1525-3171 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00325791 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Poult Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens*, Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Eimeria tenella/*physiology , Intestinal Mucosa/*microbiology , Poultry Diseases/*parasitology, Animals ; Cecum/microbiology ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Male ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis

مستخلص: The symbiosis of host and intestinal microbiota constitutes a microecosystem and plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating the host's immune system. Eimeria tenella, an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite, can cause coccidiosis, a serious intestinal disease. In this study, the effects of E. tenella infection on development parameters (villus height, crypt depth, mucosa thickness, muscularis thickness, and serosa thickness) and microbiota in chicken cecum were investigated. Fourteen-day-old male Hy-Line Variety Brown layer chickens were inoculated with sporulated oocysts of E. tenella. Cecal tissues were collected 7 d after inoculation. Relative density of goblet cells and glycoproteins were determined by Alcian blue periodic acid-Schiff staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining, respectively. Intestinal development parameters were also evaluated. Cecal contents were extracted, and the composition of cecal microflora was examined by Illumine sequencing in the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results indicated that E. tenella infection destroyed the structure of cecal tissue and reduced the relative density of goblet cells and glycoproteins. Sequencing analysis indicated that E. tenella infection altered the diversity and composition of cecal microbiota. The populations of Proteobacteria, Enterococcus, Incertae, and Escherichia-Shigella decreased, and those of Bacteroidales and Rikenella significantly increased in the infected group compared with those in the control group. Hence, the pathological damage caused by E. tenella infection is associated with cecal microbiota dysbiosis, and this finding may be used to develop an alternative measure for alleviating the effect of coccidiosis on the poultry industry.
(Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Macdonald SE; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom., Nolan MJ; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom., Harman K; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom., Boulton K; The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom., Hume DA; The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom., Tomley FM; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom., Stabler RA; Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom., Blake DP; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom.

المصدر: PloS one [PLoS One] 2017 Sep 21; Vol. 12 (9), pp. e0184890. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 21 (Print Publication: 2017).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Eimeria tenella* , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/genetics, Bird Diseases/*microbiology , Cecum/*microbiology , Chickens/*microbiology , Coccidiosis/*veterinary, Animals ; Bird Diseases/pathology ; Cecum/pathology ; Coccidiosis/microbiology ; Coccidiosis/pathology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Random Allocation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severity of Illness Index

مستخلص: Eimeria species cause the intestinal disease coccidiosis, most notably in poultry. While the direct impact of coccidiosis on animal health and welfare is clear, its influence on the enteric microbiota and by-stander effects on chicken health and production remains largely unknown, with the possible exception of Clostridium perfringens (necrotic enteritis). This study evaluated the composition and structure of the caecal microbiome in the presence or absence of a defined Eimeria tenella challenge infection in Cobb500 broiler chickens using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The severity of clinical coccidiosis in individual chickens was quantified by caecal lesion scoring and microbial changes associated with different lesion scores identified. Following E. tenella infection the diversity of taxa within the caecal microbiome remained largely stable. However, infection induced significant changes in the abundance of some microbial taxa. The greatest changes were detected in birds displaying severe caecal pathology; taxa belonging to the order Enterobacteriaceae were increased, while taxa from Bacillales and Lactobacillales were decreased with the changes correlated with lesion severity. Significantly different profiles were also detected in infected birds which remained asymptomatic (lesion score 0), with taxa belonging to the genera Bacteroides decreased and Lactobacillus increased. Many differential taxa from the order Clostridiales were identified, with some increasing and others decreasing in abundance in Eimeria-infected animals. The results support the view that caecal microbiome dysbiosis associated with Eimeria infection contributes to disease pathology, and could be a target for intervention to mitigate the impact of coccidiosis on poultry productivity and welfare. This work highlights that E. tenella infection has a significant impact on the abundance of some caecal bacteria with notable differences detected between lesion score categories emphasising the importance of accounting for differences in caecal lesions when investigating the relationship between E. tenella and the poultry intestinal microbiome.

المؤلفون: Rafiqi SI; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Garg R; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India. rajatgarg_2000@yahoo.com., Ram H; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Reena KK; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Asari M; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Kumari P; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Kundave VR; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Singh M; Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India., Banerjee PS; Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.

المصدر: Parasitology research [Parasitol Res] 2019 Mar; Vol. 118 (3), pp. 945-953. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer International Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8703571 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-1955 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09320113 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasitol Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chickens*, Antigens, Protozoan/*immunology , Coccidiosis/*veterinary , Eimeria tenella/*immunology , Poultry Diseases/*parasitology , Protozoan Vaccines/*immunology, Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Cecum ; Coccidiosis/prevention & control ; Cytokines ; Immunization ; Poultry Diseases/prevention & control ; Recombinant Proteins ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Subunit

مستخلص: Gametocyte proteins are being explored as potential vaccine candidates against Eimeria sp. in chicken since they are the components of the resilient oocyst wall. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoprophylactic efficacy of recombinant Eimeria tenella gametocyte antigen 22 (EtGam22) in chickens against homologous oocyst challenge. Broiler chicks were subcutaneously immunized individually with 100 μg of recombinant EtGam22 adjuvanted with Montanide ISA 71 VG at 7 days of age and boosted 2 weeks later. The immunized chickens were challenged individually with 1 × 10 ⁴ sporulated oocysts of E. tenella 1 week post-booster immunization. The anti-EtGam22 IgY and serum cytokine response was measured post-immunization. The results showed that the anti-EtGam22 IgY antibody, serum IFN-γ, IL-2, TGF-β, and IL-4 levels in chickens vaccinated with recombinant protein were significantly increased post-immunization as compared to unimmunized challenged controls (P < 0.05). The peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation activity was also found significantly higher in EtGam22-immunized group on day 28, i.e., pre-challenge (P < 0.05). Upon homologous oocyst challenge, chickens immunized with rEtGam22 exhibited a significant drop in the total oocyst output per bird (246.78 ± 36.9 × 10 ⁶ , 45.23% reduction) and a significantly higher weight gain (497.7 ± 19.2 g) as compared to unimmunized challenged controls. Taken together, these data indicate that EtGam22 is a potent immunogen for use as a subunit vaccine against cecal coccidiosis in chickens as it induces a diverse and robust immune response involving multiple cytokines and strong antibody titers.