المؤلفون: Christopher Woodruff, David McKenzie

المصدر: The World Bank Economic Review. 22:457-482

مصطلحات موضوعية: Rate of return, Macroeconomics, investment opportunities, Economics and Econometrics, microenterprises, Economic capital, Return of capital, developing countries, Monetary economics, Development, Investment (macroeconomics), access to loans, market interest rates, returns, Shock (economics), financial institutions, Accounting, Capital (economics), financial market, Economics, Access to finance, productive investment, return, Return on capital, Finance

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::952758598e6abe467eaffb015609d363
https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhn017

المؤلفون: World Bank Group

مصطلحات موضوعية: TRADE LIBERALIZATION, RESERVE REQUIREMENTS, BANK POLICY, TAX RATES, INVESTMENT, TAX EXEMPTIONS, VALUATION, TAX, PENSION FUNDS, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, BUDGET, DEBT-SERVICE, PENSION FUND, DEBT ISSUANCE, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, EXCHANGE RATES, INFLATION, TRANSACTION COSTS, FISCAL DEFICIT, STOCKS, LENDING, TRADE SECTORS, INVESTMENTS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, PUBLIC BORROWING, STOCK, INFLATION RATE, JUSTICE SYSTEM, DEBT SERVICE, TAX TREATMENT, POVERTY, PENSION, INVESTORS, CREDIT GROWTH, BONDS, GUARANTEE, SHARES, RESERVES, TRANSACTIONS, GOODS, PUBLIC SPENDING, LOANS, ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS, TAX COLLECTION, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, INTERESTS, TRANSPARENCY, REAL EXCHANGE RATE, CORPORATE TAX RATES, TARIFF, LIVING STANDARDS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, PAYMENT SYSTEMS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, MARKETS, FINANCE, EXPORTERS, DEBT LEVEL, MOBILE PHONES, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, TAX POLICY, DEVELOPMENT FINANCE, SMALL BUSINESSES, PROPERTY RIGHTS, CAPITAL GAINS, LEVIES, LIABILITIES, EXPORTER, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, MONETARY POLICY, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, REAL INTEREST, INCOME TAXES, LIQUIDITY, INSTRUMENTS, INTEREST RATES, COMPLIANCE COSTS, PRIVATE CAPITAL, DOMESTIC BONDS, PUBLIC DEBT, DEBT, ARREARS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES, INCOME LEVELS, MARKET, COMMODITY PRICE, PROPERTY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, CENTRAL BANK, RETURN, MONETARY POLICIES, GOVERNMENT BUDGETS, TAX RATE, DISBURSEMENTS, INVESTMENT PROJECTS, CURRENCIES, TAX INCENTIVES, PROPERTIES, DEBT SERVICING COSTS, INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS, TAX REGIMES, CREDIBILITY, MONEY SUPPLY, TRADE BALANCE, PUBLIC STOCK, TAX OBLIGATIONS, PUBLIC FUNDS, EXCHANGE, ACCOUNTING, BUDGETS, GOVERNMENT REVENUES, INCOME TAX, FOREIGN MARKETS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, TARIFFS, LEVEL OF DEBT, REAL INTEREST RATES, MORAL OBLIGATION, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, ACCESS TO LOANS, DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, FISCAL POLICY, RESERVE, OIL PRICES, EXCHANGE RATE, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, HUMAN CAPITAL, GOOD, PRIVATE INVESTORS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, REVENUE, CURRENCY, TURNOVER, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE, TAXES, EQUITY, ISSUANCE OF BONDS, RECURRENT EXPENDITURES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS, TREASURY, DIRECT INVESTMENT, INCOME LEVEL, HUMAN RESOURCES, PRICE VOLATILITY, OPTION, EXPENDITURES, COMMODITY PRICES, DEBT MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC FINANCE, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, COMMERCIAL BANKS, FUTURE, MARKET SHARE, REAL PROPERTY, LEVEL OF RISK, CONTRACT, DEBT SERVICING, MONETARY FUND, NATIONAL DEBT, FISCAL CAPACITY, ISSUANCE, DEVELOPMENT BANK, CONTRACTS, INTEREST, LOCAL ECONOMY, LEVY, REVENUES, CONVERSION, CAPACITY BUILDING, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, DEFICIT, CASH TRANSFERS, CHECKS, SHARE, CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT, INTEREST RATE, LOCAL CURRENCY, FINANCIAL FLOWS, POTENTIAL INVESTORS, EXPENDITURE, TAX SYSTEM, TRANSACTION

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::ad4da58abf1cb1abca6f14fd34fa88f8
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/22331

المؤلفون: International Finance Corporation

مصطلحات موضوعية: SMALL BUSINESS LOANS, CURRENT ACCOUNTS, DEPOSIT, OVERDRAFT, LOAN STAFF, EMPLOYMENT, BANK COMPETITION, INVESTMENT CAPITAL, INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS, CREDIT ANALYSIS, CREDIT PRODUCT, LOAN OFFICER, RETURNS, COLLATERAL, COMPANY, CREDIT LINES, MEDIUM ENTERPRISES, SMALL ENTERPRISE, INTEREST RATES ON LOANS, EMERGING MARKETS, MORTGAGE, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FIRMS, LOAN APPROVAL, DEPOSITS, NEW BUSINESS, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, DEBIT CARDS, SMALL BUSINESSES, NEW MARKET, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION, ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES, DISBURSEMENT, LONG-TERM INVESTMENT, LIQUIDITY, INTEREST RATES, SMALL BUSINESS, MORTGAGES, BUSINESS UNIT, CREDIT RISK, LOAN ANALYSIS, DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIO, LOAN SIZE, MICROFINANCE CLIENTS, WORKING CAPITAL, LOAN AMOUNTS, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, FINANCIAL SERVICES, CASH FLOW, PORTFOLIO RISK, PROFITABILITY, BANKING SYSTEMS, DISBURSEMENTS, MICROCREDIT, ACCESS TO BANK LOANS, INFORMAL LOANS, FINANCIAL PRODUCT, BANKING MARKET, CUSTOMER SERVICE, PORTFOLIO, TRADE FINANCING, FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR, NEW BUSINESSES, SME SECTOR, DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTIONS, MARKET SIZE, SME, SME FINANCE, GOOD CREDIT, WIRE TRANSFERS, CREDIT SCORING, LEASING, SME CLIENTS, LOAN PRODUCTS, LARGE ENTERPRISES, ACCESS TO LOANS, REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, LIABILITY, CREDIT BUREAUS, EQUIPMENT, DIVERSIFICATION, CS, PARTNER BANKS, BANKS, FUNDING SOURCES, BUSINESS CREDIT, BORROWING, BRANCHES, MICRO LOANS, LOAN, CREDIT BANKS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, FINANCING COSTS, GUARANTEE FUNDS, SECURITIES, PUBLIC RECORDS, MARKET SHARE, LOAN TERMS, BUSINESS SEGMENT, MICROFINANCE, CREDIT HISTORY, CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT, SUBSIDIARY, FORMAL INDEBTEDNESS, LENDING REQUIREMENTS, FINANCIAL NEEDS, BUSINESS LOAN, OUTSTANDING LOANS, ACCOUNTABILITY, TRANSACTION, ACCESS TO CREDIT BUREAU, INVESTMENT LOANS, FAMILY BUSINESSES, INVESTMENT PURPOSES, REGULATORY POLICIES, CORPORATION, TAX, INVENTORY, LOAN MATURITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYERS, FAMILIES, CREDIT CARDS, TRANSACTION COSTS, BANK ALTERNATIVES, FIRM SIZE, MICROFINANCE MARKETS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ACQUISITION COSTS, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INVESTING, SAVINGS PRODUCTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, LETTERS OF CREDIT, EXPANSION, MICROFINANCE LOANS, ALTERNATIVE FUNDING, SAVINGS ACCOUNTS, GUARANTEE REQUIREMENTS, RISK MANAGEMENT, MFI, CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, REGULATORY AUTHORITIES, ACCESS TO FINANCING, CAPITAL LOANS, WAGES, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, MICROENTERPRISES, CUSTOMER PROFITABILITY, LACK OF ACCESS, CREDIT BUREAU, CREDIT GAP, LOW MINIMUM BALANCES, OVERDRAFT FACILITIES, AFFILIATES, CREDIT POLICIES, LARGE CITIES, DEBT, EXISTING BUSINESS, ASSET BASE, INTEREST RATE CAPS, PERSONAL CREDIT CARDS, PERSONAL CREDIT, INSTITUTIONAL LOANS, PAYMENTS SERVICES, MFIS, COMPETITIVE MARKETS, SME FINANCING, FIXED ASSET, FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, ACCESS TO FINANCE, AUTONOMY, DEPOSIT SERVICES, FACTORING, FINANCIAL INFORMATION, DEPOSIT PRODUCT, LOAN AMOUNT, COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS, CDS, CREDIT NEEDS, RISKY LOANS, OPERATIONAL COSTS, ACCESS TO DEBT FINANCING, BUSINESS ACTIVITIES, PORTFOLIOS, DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, MICRO ENTERPRISES, CASH FLOW ANALYSIS, MONEY TRANSFERS, SMALL ENTERPRISES, VILLAGE, ACCESS TO SERVICES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, SUPPLIERS, CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE, ASSET DIVERSIFICATION, ATM NETWORK, INSURANCE, SUPPLY CHAIN, BUSINESS STRATEGY, CREDIT ACCESS, ACCESS TO BANK, MORTGAGE LOANS, LOAN SIZES, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, HUMAN RESOURCES, LOANS FROM FRIENDS, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC POLICY, ACCESS TO CREDIT, RURAL LOANS, SUPPLY CHAINS, FINANCIAL COSTS, CREDIT PRODUCTS, BANK GUARANTEES, MARKET RISK, RECEIPTS, MICROFINANCE SECTOR, FIXED INVESTMENT, CASH FLOWS, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, SAVINGS, BRANCH, GROUP LENDING, CHECKS, FINANCING NEEDS, INTEREST RATE, LOAN OFFICERS, OPERATING COSTS

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::1df53ea7b3e20ef95aa2e8b0e8366c3f
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/07/24164316/experiences-microfinance-institutions-serving-very-small-small-enterprises-latin-america-based-case-studies-lac

المؤلفون: Keller, Jennifer, Scheja, Elina

مصطلحات موضوعية: CREDIT CONSTRAINT, DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES, MIGRANT, IMMIGRANTS, SKILL LEVEL, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, PULL FACTORS, INFLATION, EXTERNALITIES, POLICY MAKERS, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, IMMIGRATION POLICY, COLLATERAL, PUBLIC FINANCES, COUNTRY OF DESTINATION, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, EARNINGS, SKILLED WORKERS, LABOR SUPPLY, FINANCIAL MARKETS, SOCIAL RETURNS, EQUILIBRIUM MODELS, DEPOSITS, REMITTANCE, NUMBER OF WORKERS, PUBLIC SERVICES, BANK DEPOSITS, UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS, EXPLOITATION, SECONDARY EDUCATION, VULNERABILITY, ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES, INCOME INEQUALITY, MIGRATION DATA, SOURCES OF FINANCE, INTEREST RATES, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, WORKING CAPITAL, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, WORK FORCE, LIVING CONDITIONS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, PROFITABILITY, COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, MIGRATION DECISION, HOST COUNTRIES, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, MIGRANT FAMILY, CITIZENSHIP, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, CITIZENS, ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, DISSEMINATION, WELFARE BENEFITS, CREDITWORTHINESS, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, ACCESS TO LOANS, CAPITAL STOCK, HOST COUNTRY, PUSH FACTOR, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, HEALTH CARE, EDUCATION SYSTEM, HOUSEHOLDS, BENEFITS OF MIGRATION, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, BANKS, UNION, BORROWING, HOUSEHOLD POVERTY, RETURN MIGRATION, NATURAL DISASTER, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, LEGAL STATUS, MARKET INFORMATION, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, CREDIT RATING, EDUCATION LEVEL, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, CENTRAL BANKS, LABOR MARKETS, PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN, WORKFORCE, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INFLOW OF REMITTANCES, HOUSING, CORRUPTION, MIGRATION STATISTICS, TRANSPORTATION, NURSE, ECONOMIC AGENTS, MIGRATION PROCESS, FAMILY INCOME, GENDER, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, BANKING SYSTEM, ECONOMIC GROWTH, BRAIN DRAIN, EXCHANGE RATES, FAMILIES, CUSTOMER BASE, CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, NUMBER OF MIGRANTS, PUSH FACTORS, LABOR SHORTAGES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, WORKING CONDITIONS, SAFETY NETS, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, MACROECONOMICS, PRODUCTIVITY, BRAIN-DRAIN, MIGRANT-SENDING COUNTRIES, RULE OF LAW, IMMIGRATION POLICIES, COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, SOURCE OF INFORMATION, MIGRATION POLICIES, LOCAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, POLICY DECISIONS, DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME, IRREGULAR MIGRATION, MIGRANT WORKERS, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, HUMAN RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS, WAGES, RURAL AREAS, YOUNG MEN, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, LABOR MARKET, POPULATION DECLINE, NATURAL RESOURCE, INEQUALITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES, SEED MONEY, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, NATIONALS, DEBT, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK, COST OF CAPITAL, BANKING SECTOR, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, FORMAL BANKING SYSTEM, HUMAN RIGHTS, LABOR MOBILITY, MIGRATION PATTERNS, CREDITS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ACCESS TO FINANCE, ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS, IMMIGRANT, HOME COUNTRIES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ILLEGAL MIGRATION, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, ECONOMIC TRENDS, ACCOUNTING, REMITTANCES, BUSINESS OWNERSHIP, FUTURE GROWTH, ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS, HEALTH WORKERS, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMPACT OF MIGRATION, INEQUALITIES, INSURANCE, SEX, TRADE FLOWS, CURRENT ACCOUNT, EDUCATED MIGRANTS, NATIONAL POLICY, BUSINESS FORMATION, ECONOMIC POLICY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, DISPARITIES IN ACCESS, LABOR FORCE SURVEYS, POLICY RESEARCH, EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL ACCESS, DEBT MANAGEMENT, CHILD CARE, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, MIGRATION FLOWS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS, ACCESS TO JOB, GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, MIGRATION FLOW, DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS, LABOR FORCE, POPULATION CENSUSES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, SAVINGS, IMMIGRATION, PRACTITIONERS, URBAN AREAS, FORMAL BANKING, CENSUSES, EXPENDITURE

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::8cc1c200eed8e4187afc111592425020
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27100

المؤلفون: World Bank

مصطلحات موضوعية: ECONOMIC FACTORS, RESERVE REQUIREMENTS, REAL INCOME, EMERGING MARKET EQUITY, TOTAL DEBT, VALUE ADDED, ROAD MANAGEMENT, RAILWAYS, ROAD, ROAD INDUSTRY, INFLATION, ROUTES, EMERGING MARKET, FISCAL DEFICIT, POLICY MAKERS, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT, EQUITY INDEXES, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, DISPOSABLE INCOME, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CREDIT GROWTH, HIGHWAY SYSTEM, PENSION, TRANSPORT SECTOR, LONG-TERM LOANS, PUBLIC SPENDING, WILLINGNESS TO PAY, CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, LABOR COSTS, TOLL, TRANSPARENCY, EMERGING MARKETS, PRICE INCREASES, RAIL SECTOR, PENSIONS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP, BORROWING CAPACITY, CREDITORS, PUBLIC SERVICES, REAL WAGES, GLOBAL ECONOMY, STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION, FUEL TAX, PROPERTY RIGHTS, RETIREMENT, ROAD PROJECTS, FARES, ASSET MANAGEMENT, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, BASIS POINTS, RAIL, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS, MONETARY POLICY, LIQUIDITY, INTEREST RATES, AIRPORTS, SHORT-TERM BORROWING, COST SAVINGS, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL SERVICES, ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE, SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS, ROAD DESIGN, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE, GDP, MODES OF TRANSPORT, ROAD USERS, RISK PREMIUMS, TRADE BALANCE, ROADS, CONSOLIDATION, EXPORTS, MARKET SIZE, DOMESTIC BORROWING, CAPITAL MARKETS, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, ACCESS TO LOANS, INTERNATIONAL RESERVES, FISCAL POLICY, LIABILITY, EXCHANGE RATE, DEBT TRANSACTIONS, EQUIPMENT, BOND, BANKS, CAPITAL ACCOUNT, CREDIT GUARANTEES, TRANSPORT PRICING, EQUITY MARKET, EXTERNAL BORROWING, BALANCE OF PAYMENT, DEBT FINANCING, PRIVATIZATION, MOBILE PHONE, COMMODITY PRICES, BOND ISSUANCE, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, MATURITY, TRUCKS, ROAD MAINTENANCE, TRADING, CREDIT MARKETS, INCOME GROWTH, BUDGETING, RESERVE FUND, CAPITAL FORMATION, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORTATION, PENSION SYSTEM, NOMINAL PRICES, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, FUEL TAXES, CPI, MARKET CONTAGION, MARKET ECONOMY, ROAD TYPES, USER CHARGES, EXCISE TAX, BANK POLICY, PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL, PRODUCERS, TRANSPORT STRATEGY, CAPITAL FLOWS, EXCISE TAX ON GASOLINE, CREDIT ENHANCEMENTS, TAX, INVENTORY, CAPITAL BUDGETING, INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIALS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BANKING SECTORS, STOCKS, DOMESTIC MARKET, RISK AVERSION, BANK LENDING, CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS, SAFETY NETS, INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING, INSTRUMENT, VEHICLE, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, PUBLIC BUDGET, GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP, OIL, BALANCE SHEETS, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, DEBTOR, AUDITING, INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION, RESERVES, OPEC, FEDERAL BUDGET, ECONOMIC OUTLOOK, BANKRUPTCIES, POLITICAL RISKS, WAGES, EXTERNAL DEBT, NATIONAL INCOME, LABOR MARKET, DECISION MAKING, CIVIL SERVICE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, ROAD NETWORK, CONSUMER LOANS, DEBT, MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, VEHICLE REGISTRATION, BANKING SECTOR, COMMERCIAL DEBT, ROAD DESIGN STANDARDS, PAVEMENT DAMAGE, REVERSE AUCTION, EXCISE TAXES, ENVIRONMENTS, BANK CREDITS, CENTRAL BANK, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, MONETARY POLICIES, PUBLIC SAFETY, RETURN, AGRICULTURE, DIVIDENDS, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, PRIVATE CONSUMPTION, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, CAPITAL MARKET, M2, FUEL, BRIDGE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES ON ROADS, DEBT REPAYMENTS, MONEY SUPPLY, PUBLIC FUNDS, ROAD SECTOR, ACCOUNTING, ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES, CREDIT DEFAULT, GLOBAL TRADE, PAVEMENT SURFACE, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, BENCHMARK, HIGHWAY, WORLD STOCK MARKET, OIL PRICES, RESERVE, CURRENCY BASKET, VEHICLES, QUALITY OF TRANSPORT, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE, REGULATORY BARRIERS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS, MARKET CONDITIONS, MARKET PRICE, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, OIL PRICE, PRICE MOVEMENTS, EQUITY FUNDS, FORESTRY, INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS, POLITICAL RISK, LACK OF COMPETITION, DEBT BURDEN, CAPITAL INFLOWS, TAX ADMINISTRATION, EQUITY ISSUANCE, FOREIGN CURRENCY, INTEREST RATE, EXPENDITURE, TOLL ROADS, OPERATING COSTS

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::29e733538c92aade83ba33c0300790f9
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27251

المؤلفون: World Bank

مصطلحات موضوعية: WHOLESALERS, MARKET REFORM, CREDIT PROGRAMS, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS, MULTINATIONALS, PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES, INFLATION, EXPORT MARKETS, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, FRUITS, FAIR, RURAL CREDIT, INPUT PRICES, RURAL CREDIT MARKETS, GOVERNMENT POLICY, BANK LOAN, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, COLLATERAL, CREDIT TRANSACTION, MARKET ENVIRONMENT, COTTON PRODUCTION, LANDOWNERS, TRANSPARENCY, EXCHANGE RATE INSTABILITY, SPOT MARKET, EMERGING ECONOMIES, GUARANTEE PRODUCT, HOLDING, SUGAR, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, FINANCIAL MEANS, MULTINATIONAL, YIELDS, EXPLOITATION, PROPERTY RIGHTS, STATE BANKS, VEGETABLES, INSECURE PROPERTY, SMALL FARM, LEGAL CONSTRAINTS, PURCHASING, SUPPLIER, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, LIQUIDITY, FAO, WORKING CAPITAL, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, SEED COTTON, DEBTS, CASH FLOW, PROFITABILITY, PUBLIC ENFORCEMENT, GUARANTEED ACCESS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, MARKET PRICES, CASH ACCOUNTS, TRANSITION COUNTRY, TAX REGIME, EXCLUSION, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, BANKRUPTCY, COTTON PRICE, POLICY CREDIBILITY, MONOPOLY, ACCESS TO LOANS, CONTRACT LAW, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SAFETY, EQUIPMENT, AGRICULTURAL CREDIT, HOUSEHOLDS, SPREAD, PREPAYMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, UNION, PRIVATIZATION, INVESTMENT LOAN, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, MARKET INFORMATION, CASH RESERVES, ACCESS TO CAPITAL, FERTILIZER, LOANS FROM BANKS, COOPERATIVES, GLOBALIZATION, BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, REPAYMENT, SALES, DEVELOPMENT BANK, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIPS, ACCESS TO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ECONOMICS, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS, TRADING, LOCAL BANK, SMALL FARMERS, LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAMS, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, TRANSACTION COST, SAFETY STANDARDS, MARKET ECONOMY, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, WAREHOUSE, EFFICIENCY BENEFITS, MARKET ACCESS, INVESTMENT LOANS, TAX, FOREIGN INVESTORS, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM, LEVEL OF INTEREST RATES, OVEREMPLOYMENT, SOURCE OF CREDIT, COMMODITY, ECONOMIC REFORMS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, MARKET ECONOMIES, FUTURE CASH FLOWS, MARKET LIBERALIZATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, INSTRUMENT, PRODUCTIVITY, INVESTING, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, COMMERCIAL CREDITS, COTTON, SEEDS, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE, GRAINS, NECESSARY COLLATERAL, SEED, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, NONPAYMENTS, DEFAULT RISK, BANKRUPTCIES, ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, BARRIERS TO GROWTH, WAREHOUSE RECEIPT, DEFAULTS, CROP, GOVERNMENT FINANCING, DEBT, DIRECT LOANS, TRADE PROTECTION, PRODUCTION CAPACITY, PROVISION OF CREDIT, TRADE CREDIT, MARKETING, CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT, ACCESS TO FINANCE, WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEMS, OBSTACLES TO GROWTH, RETURN, BARGAINING POWER, RENTS, INNOVATION, PRICE CONTROLS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, PRODUCTION PROCESS, TAX INCENTIVES, ACCESS TO MARKETS, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, BUSINESS PLANS, FACTOR MARKETS, STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, COUNTRY CREDIT, FARMER, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, VILLAGE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, SUPPLIERS, EQUITY ISSUES, SUPPLY CHAIN, DEPRESSED PRICES, HOLDINGS, COTTON SECTOR, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, COTTON PRICES, ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS, BANK LOANS, BARGAINING, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, MARKET CONDITIONS, MARKET PRICE, ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS, GOVERNMENT REVENUE, DOMESTIC BANKS, PUBLIC POLICY, SMALLHOLDERS, INNOVATIONS, ACCESS TO CREDIT, GRAIN, MONOPOLIES, CREDIT CONTRACT, SUPPLY CHAINS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, LOAN GUARANTEES, BANKRUPTCY LAWS, GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT, SMALL PRODUCERS, COLLATERAL PROBLEMS, SMALL FARMS, ALTERNATIVE FINANCING, MOTIVATION, LOAN GUARANTEE, PRODUCT QUALITY, LACK OF COMPETITION, RETAIL, FOOD INDUSTRY, SUPPLY CONTRACTS, PRICE UNCERTAINTY, SPOT MARKETS, PRODUCE, ADVISORY SERVICES

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::3e9a6302b801aae7b11cae13a8a776da
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/480561468038085982/The-dynamics-of-vertical-coordination-in-agrifood-chains-in-Eastern-Europe-and-Central-Asia-implications-for-policy-and-World-Bank-operations

المؤلفون: Lewis, Blane D., Smoke, Paul

مصطلحات موضوعية: LOCAL EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC INFORMATION, PROVINCE, REVENUE PERFORMANCE, PUBLIC SERVICE, RESERVE FUNDS, GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS, TAX, POLICY OBJECTIVES, HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINT, REPAYMENT INCENTIVE, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT TAXES, BUDGET ESTIMATES, GOVERNMENT DEBT, INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS, INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL SYSTEM, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, PROVINCES, SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE, GOVERNMENT AGENCY, POLICY MAKERS, INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS, CAPITAL SPENDING, FISCAL MANAGEMENT, ANNUAL BUDGET, FISCAL DISPARITIES, CIVIL SOCIETY, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, INSTRUMENT, REVENUE SHARING, SUB-NATIONAL, SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, CENTRAL AGENCIES, CENTRAL AGENCY, RETURNS, DEBT SERVICE, FISCAL TRANSFERS, HARD BUDGET, TAX TRANSFERS, INCENTIVE STRUCTURE, LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE DELIVERY, RESERVES, DEBT LIMITS, MORAL HAZARD, SOCIAL SERVICES, TAX EFFORT, LOCAL DEVELOPMENT, GOVERNMENT DATA, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE, LOCAL GOVERNMENT BORROWING, LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS, REVENUE SOURCE, GOVERNMENT CAPACITY, TAX COLLECTION, EQUALIZATION FUNDS, LOCAL OWN-SOURCE, PROVINCIAL LEVEL, TRANSPARENCY, SERVICE DELIVERY, FISCAL INCENTIVES, REVENUE COLLECTION, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, BUDGET CYCLE, EXPENDITURE DATA, GOVERNMENT BANK, HOLDING, SERVICE STANDARDS, NATIONAL ELECTIONS, BENEFIT SPILLOVERS, PUBLIC SERVICES, GOVERNMENT CONTROL, BUSINESS CYCLE, TAX REVENUE, BANK DEPOSITS, FISCAL FRAMEWORK, PUBLIC EDUCATION, BUDGET PERFORMANCE, TAX OFFICES, FISCAL GAP, LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE, DECISION MAKING, FISCAL SYSTEM, LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, LOCAL TAX, INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFER, FISCAL EQUALIZATION, FISCAL SURPLUSES, SALES TAX, DISBURSEMENT, LOCAL AUTHORITY, PUBLIC SECTOR, ARREARS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT CAPACITY, SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, DEBT RESTRUCTURING, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, LOAN REPAYMENT, CITIZEN COMPLAINTS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT, SECTORAL MINISTRIES, LITERACY RATES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS, GOVERNMENT BUDGETS, DISBURSEMENTS, GOVERNMENT BUDGETING, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, MINISTRY OF FINANCE, FISCAL DISCIPLINE, TAX INCENTIVES, BANK ACCOUNT, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, SUB-NATIONAL LENDING, FINANCIAL REPORTS, DEFICITS, LOCAL ACCOUNTABILITY, CENTRAL TAX, SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE, BUDGET CONSTRAINT, CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS, TAX BASE, ACCOUNTING, EXPENDITURE NEEDS, LEGAL SYSTEM, LOCAL TRANSFERS, BENEFITS OF DECENTRALIZATION, COMMERCIAL BANK, GOVERNMENT REVENUES, LOCAL GOVERNANCE, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, PROPERTY TAX, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT POLICIES, LOCAL TAX BASE, RECORD KEEPING, LOCAL AUTONOMY, ACCESS TO LOANS, DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL REVENUES, INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS, RESERVE, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, PROPERTY TAX REVENUES, LOCAL REVENUE, INTERGOVERNMENTAL FRAMEWORK, FISCAL PERFORMANCE, LOCAL SERVICES, GOVERNMENT REVENUE, NATIONAL REVENUES, GOVERNMENT SPENDING, LOCAL BUDGET, INCENTIVE SYSTEM, LOAN, LOCAL OFFICIALS, EXPENDITURES, TAX REVENUES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY, DECENTRALIZATION FRAMEWORK, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE, LOCAL OWN-SOURCE REVENUES, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, LENDING AGREEMENT, FISCAL CAPACITY, SUBNATIONAL, DEVELOPMENT BANK, TYPES OF DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEBT, SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL POLICIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS, BUDGETING, RESERVE FUND, LOCAL GOVERNMENT FISCAL BEHAVIOR, FISCAL PLANNING, DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS, LOCAL ELECTIONS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING, CAPACITY BUILDING, FISCAL OUTCOMES, LOCAL TAX ADMINISTRATION, TAX ADMINISTRATION, EQUALIZATION FORMULA, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS, USER CHARGES, FISCAL RESOURCES, INTERGOVERNMENTAL REFORM, EXPENDITURE, CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::8e4aead4f82b328b9ca3410935c7949b
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/28248

المؤلفون: Bhaopichitr, Kirida, Sirimaneetham, Vatcharin, Luangpenthong, Angkanee, Thongampai, Ruangrong

مصطلحات موضوعية: RESERVE REQUIREMENTS, GROWTH RATES, PENSION FUNDS, MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY, SAVINGS BANK, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, WORLD TRADE, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, COMMODITIES, GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION, DEPOSIT, INFLATION, EQUIPMENTS, FISCAL DEFICIT, EXPORT MARKETS, PHYSICAL ASSETS, INVESTOR CONFIDENCE, DEPOSIT INSURANCE, MORTGAGE MARKET, EXPORT GROWTH, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, GOVERNMENT POLICY, COMPETITIVENESS, PERSONAL INCOME, RETURNS, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, INVESTMENT PURPOSE, COLLATERAL, PENSION, BONDS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, CLEARING HOUSE, PER CAPITA INCOME, NON-PERFORMING LOANS, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, EQUITY INVESTMENTS, EXCHANGE COMMISSION, REAL EXCHANGE RATE, MORTGAGE, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, INCOMES, ECONOMIC DOWNTURN, GLOBAL ECONOMY, INCOME INSTRUMENTS, PURCHASING POWER, FIXED INCOME, INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS, INSTITUTION DEVELOPMENT, DISBURSEMENT, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, INCOME TAXES, INTEREST RATES, MORTGAGES, PUBLIC DEBT, DEBTS, BUDGET DEFICIT, FIXED CAPITAL, PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, CONSUMERS, COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, DEPOSITORY, STATE ENTERPRISES, TAX DEDUCTION, INVESTMENT PROJECTS, WTO, GDP, DOMESTIC INFLATION, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS, INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, PORTFOLIO, INCOME TAX, EXPORTS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, OUTPUTS, CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE, MONETARY AUTHORITIES, ACCESS TO LOANS, DECENTRALIZATION, FISCAL POLICY, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, TAX BREAKS, EQUIPMENT, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, CURRENCY, FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS, CAPITAL ACCOUNT, GOVERNMENT SAVINGS, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS, BALANCE OF PAYMENT, CONFIDENCE INDEX, LOAN, COMMODITY PRICES, MUTUAL FUNDS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, SECURITIES, REAL GDP, BANK RATE, MARKET SHARE, PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT, EXPOSURE, INCOME GROUPS, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, LOW INTEREST RATES, FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, NEW MARKETS, INCOME GROWTH, EXPORT CREDIT, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, SMALL LOANS, LOAN RATES, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, VOLATILITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, TRANSACTION, ADVERSE EFFECT, TAX RATES, CAPITAL FLOWS, INVESTMENT PURPOSES, TAX, FOREIGN INVESTORS, DURABLE GOODS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, EXCHANGE RATES, COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, COMMODITY, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FUTURE CASH FLOWS, RISE IN INFLATION, BANK LENDING, PRODUCTIVITY, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, FOOD PRICES, RESERVES, CONSUMPTION INCREASES, RAPID GROWTH, RISK MANAGEMENT, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, BANK OFFICE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, INVENTORIES, GOVERNMENT BANK, DEMOCRACY, PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY, WAGES, DEPOSIT RATES, EXTERNAL DEBT, PUBLIC UTILITY, NATIONAL INCOME, NET EXPORTS, CREDIT BUREAU, STOCK EXCHANGE, LOW-INCOME COUNTRY, GDP PER CAPITA, DEBT, COMMODITY PRICE, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, TRADE REFORMS, COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS, RETURN, RESERVE REQUIREMENT, AGRICULTURE, PUBLIC DEBTS, FREE TRADE, PRICE CONTROLS, CAPITAL OUTFLOWS, DEPOSIT INTEREST, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, MACROECONOMIC POLICIES, CAPITAL FLOW, DEVELOPMENT AGENCY, INFLATION TARGET, NATIONAL CREDIT, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, EQUITY INVESTMENT, REGIONAL TRADE, ACCOUNTING, LIBERALIZATION, COMMERCIAL BANK, GROWTH POTENTIAL, GLOBAL TRADE, KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY, AGGREGATE DEMAND, REMITTANCES, OUTPUT, OIL PRICES, RESERVE, MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, NET CAPITAL, BANK LOANS, EXPORT SHARE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT, CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS, GROWTH RATE, COMMERCIAL BANKS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, BANK DEPOSIT, FISCAL POLICIES, OIL PRICE, WORLD ECONOMY, INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES, INVESTMENT BANK, FOREIGN FIRMS, DEPOSIT INTEREST RATE, SAVINGS, CAPITAL INFLOWS, CAPACITY BUILDING, MARKET SHARES, CONSUMER GOODS, DEPOSIT INTEREST RATES, FOREIGN CURRENCY, INTEREST RATE, AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES, HUMAN RESOURCE

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::c1222e854831b56774d5515f0573fc5b
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/499781468312352349/Thailand-economic-monitor-April-2008