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المؤلفون: Kalyan, Siva, François, Alexandre
المساهمون: François, Alexandre, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - - USPC2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0005 - IDEX - VALID, Ritsuko Kikusawa & Lawrence Reid
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diachronic linguistics, Historical sociolinguistics, Diffusion of innovations, Dialectology, Wave model, Austronesian languages, Historical dialectology, Historical Glottometry, Oceanic languages, Phylogenetic comparative methods, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Comparative method, Phylogenetics, Wellentheorie, Vanuatu, Tree model, Historical linguistics
الوصف: Since the beginnings of historical linguistics, the family tree has been the most widely accepted model for representing historical relations between languages. While this sort of representation is easy to grasp, and allows for a simple, attractive account of the development of a language family, the assumptions made by the tree model are applicable in only a small number of cases: namely, when a speaker population undergoes successive splits, with subsequent loss of contact among subgroups. A tree structure is unsuited for dealing with dialect continua, as well as language families that develop out of dialect continua (for which Ross 1988 uses the term “linkage”); in these situations, the scopes of innovations (in other words, their isoglosses) are not nested, but rather they persistently intersect, so that any proposed tree representation is met with abundant counterexamples. In this paper, we define “Historical Glottometry”, a new method capable of identifying and representing genealogical subgroups even when they intersect. Finally, we apply this glottometric method to a specific linkage, consisting of 17 Oceanic languages spoken in northern Vanuatu. Kalyan, Siva and Alexandre François. 2018. Freeing the Comparative Method from the tree model: A framework for Historical Glottometry.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od_______166::de3f340215f4879b3c0c442d8616d2b4
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01967249 -
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المؤلفون: Kalyan, Siva, François, Alexandre
المساهمون: Lattice - Langues, Textes, Traitements informatiques, Cognition - UMR 8094 (Lattice), Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Ritsuko Kikusawa & Lawrence Reid, ANR-11-IDEX-0005,USPC,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité(2011), Département Littératures et langage (LILA)
المصدر: Let's talk about trees: Genetic relationships of languages and their phylogenic representation
Ritsuko Kikusawa & Lawrence Reid. Let's talk about trees: Genetic relationships of languages and their phylogenic representation, 98, pp.59-89, 2018, Senri Ethnological Studies, 9784906962617مصطلحات موضوعية: Diachronic linguistics, Historical sociolinguistics, Diffusion of innovations, Dialectology, Wave model, Austronesian languages, Historical dialectology, Historical Glottometry, Oceanic languages, Phylogenetic comparative methods, Comparative method, Phylogenetics, Wellentheorie, Vanuatu, Tree model, Historical linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
الوصف: International audience; Since the beginnings of historical linguistics, the family tree has been the most widely accepted model for representing historical relations between languages. While this sort of representation is easy to grasp, and allows for a simple, attractive account of the development of a language family, the assumptions made by the tree model are applicable in only a small number of cases: namely, when a speaker population undergoes successive splits, with subsequent loss of contact among subgroups. A tree structure is unsuited for dealing with dialect continua, as well as language families that develop out of dialect continua (for which Ross 1988 uses the term “linkage”); in these situations, the scopes of innovations (in other words, their isoglosses) are not nested, but rather they persistently intersect, so that any proposed tree representation is met with abundant counterexamples. In this paper, we define “Historical Glottometry”, a new method capable of identifying and representing genealogical subgroups even when they intersect. Finally, we apply this glottometric method to a specific linkage, consisting of 17 Oceanic languages spoken in northern Vanuatu. Kalyan, Siva and Alexandre François. 2018. Freeing the Comparative Method from the tree model: A framework for Historical Glottometry.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=dedup_wf_001::de3f340215f4879b3c0c442d8616d2b4
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01967249 -
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المؤلفون: Jean-Michel Charpentier, Alexandre François
المصدر: Linguistic Atlas of French Polynesia / Atlas linguistique de la Polynésie française
مصطلحات موضوعية: 060201 languages & linguistics, 05 social sciences, Lexicology, Dialectology, French, 06 humanities and the arts, Austronesian languages, 050105 experimental psychology, Linguistics, language.human_language, Variation (linguistics), Geography, 0602 languages and literature, language, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Oceanic languages, Historical dynamics, Linguistic landscape
الوصف: The vast territory of French Polynesia is home to seven distinct languages – Tahitian, Austral, Ra'ivavae, Rapa, Mangarevan, Marquesan, and Pa'umotu – which in turn show internal variation. The fruit of ten years of joint work by two linguists of French CNRS, Jean-Michel Charpentier and Alexandre Francois, the Linguistic Atlas of French Polynesia pays tribute to the rich linguistic landscape of the country by documenting thoroughly twenty different communalects, in the form of 2250 maps. Organised by topics (body, life, individual and society, culture and technology, flora and fauna), these lexical maps are supplemented by explanatory notes and indexes in French, English, Tahitian. Text chapters in French and English present the social profile and the historical dynamics of the territory's languages, which are all endangered to various extents. Published in open access, this multilingual and comparative atlas provides an essential reference to scholars and teachers alike, as well as to a broader audience keen to explore and preserve the linguistic heritage of the Pacific region.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::47ed665d642a67c32c989ee6f794c055
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110260359 -
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المؤلفون: Alexandre François
المساهمون: Australian National University (ANU), Langues et civilisations à tradition orale (LACITO), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-IDEX-0005,USPC,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité(2011)
المصدر: Oceanic Linguistics
Oceanic Linguistics, University of Hawai'i Press, 2011, 50 (1), pp.140-197. ⟨10.1353/ol.2011.0009⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: Sound change, Linguistics and Language, contact linguistics, Historical dialectology, Pacific Island studies, Language and Linguistics, Lexical item, Prehistory, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Vanuatu, Lapita, Historical linguistics, Austronesian Languages, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, 060201 languages & linguistics, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pacific Archaeology, Dialectology, linguistics, Historical Phonology, 06 humanities and the arts, Austronesian languages, Oceanic languages, Linguistics, language.human_language, Geography, 0602 languages and literature, Archipelago, language, 0305 other medical science
الوصف: International audience; Some twenty years ago, Paul Geraghty offered a large-scale survey of the retention and loss of Proto-Oceanic *R across Eastern Oceanic languages, and concluded that *R was “lost in proportion to distance from Western Oceanic.” This paper aims at testing Geraghty’s hypothesis based on a larger body of data now available, with a primary focus on a tightly knit set of languages spoken in Vanuatu. By observing the dialectology of individual lexical items in this region, I show that the boundaries between languages retaining vs. losing *R differ for each word, yet they all define a consistent north-to-south cline whereby *R is lost in the south. This cline, which confirms Geraghty’s observations, can be recognized all the way to southern Vanuatu and New Caledonia. Such a neat geographic distribution observed today can be interpreted in historical terms. I propose that the tendency to lose *R emerged somewhere south of Efate, at an early date in the settlement of the archipelago. This sound change triggered a range of individual lexical innovations, each of which spread across what was then a vast social and linguistic network, encompassing the whole of Vanuatu and New Caledonia. The geography of *R reflexes constitutes a fossilized picture of prehistoric social networks, as the once unitary world of Lapita settlers was beginning to break down into increasingly diversified dialects—the ancestors of modern languages.
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