المؤلفون: Duranton, Gilles, Ghani, Ejaz, Goswami, Arti Grover, Kerr, William R.

URL الوصول: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/1813-9450-7451
http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/1813-9450-7451

المؤلفون: Cull, Robert, Gan, Li, Gao, Nan, Xu, Lixin Colin

مصطلحات موضوعية: MICRO-CREDIT, INVESTMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYERS, URBAN AREA, CREDIT PROGRAMS, MORTGAGE MARKETS, RURAL BANKS, RURAL BORROWER, DEPOSIT, FREE LOANS, FINANCING, INFORMAL LENDERS, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, BANK LENDING, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SUPPLY OF CREDIT, INTERNAL FINANCE, FINANCIAL TRAINING, FINANCIAL EDUCATION, BANK LOAN, ECONOMIC CRISIS, COST OF LOANS, BANK BRANCH, COLLATERAL, INFORMAL LOAN, SOCIAL BANKING, FINANCIAL MARKET, BANK, LOANS, TUITIONS, FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE, FINANCIAL SYSTEMS, FARMERS, INTERESTS, HIGH INTEREST RATES, MORTGAGE, TUITION, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, BORROWER, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, BORROWERS, OUTSTANDING BALANCE, RURAL BORROWERS, FINANCE, ACCESS TO FORMAL FINANCE, ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, FORMAL CREDIT, PROPERTY RIGHTS, LOANS FOR BUSINESS, HOUSEHOLD ACCESS, WELFARE, LOAN PORTFOLIOS, ENTERPRISES, CREDIT RELATIONSHIP, MEDICAL EXPENSES, HOUSEHOLD, DEMAND FOR CREDIT, SOURCES OF FINANCE, CREDIT ALLOCATION, SMALL BUSINESS, INTEREST RATES, FACILITATION, DEBT, GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, PAYMENTS, LOAN AMOUNTS, BANK BRANCH NETWORK, COLLEGE EDUCATION, FINANCIAL SERVICES, PROPERTY, COLLEGE DEGREE, DEBTS, TRADE CREDIT, PROFITABILITY, FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, FINANCIAL LITERACY, ACCESS TO FINANCE, REPAYMENT CAPACITIES, CREDIT HISTORIES, ENTREPRENEURS, BUSINESS FINANCE, LOAN AMOUNT, ACCESS TO BANK LOANS, INFORMAL FINANCING, COST OF ACCESS, INFORMAL LOANS, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, FINANCIAL PRODUCT, HOUSEHOLD FINANCE, DEPOSIT ACCOUNT, CAPITAL, INDICATORS OF ACCESS, LENDERS, FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, LENDER, NEW BUSINESSES, GREATER ACCESS, TERMS OF BANK LOANS, ENTERPRISE, BANK FINANCING, VILLAGES, CREDITWORTHINESS, VILLAGE, INFORMAL FINANCE, INFORMATION ASYMMETRY, ACCESS TO LOANS, FAMILY, CORPORATE FINANCE, BIAS, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INFORMAL BORROWING, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, HUMAN CAPITAL, MICRO-LOANS, EQUITY CAPITAL, HOUSEHOLDS, EMPLOYEES, DIVERSIFICATION, EQUITY, FORMAL LENDING, EMPLOYER, BANKS, BANK LOANS, HOME OWNERSHIP, SMALL BUSINESS FINANCE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, SOCIAL NETWORK, PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS, BORROWING, BANK BRANCHES, LOAN, CREDIT, ACCESS TO CREDIT, EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL ACCESS, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, INFORMAL CREDIT, FINANCING COSTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, PEOPLE, EDUCATION LEVEL, SUPPLY OF FINANCE, REPAYMENT, INCOME GROUPS, REAL ESTATE, INTEREST, CORRUPTION, ECONOMIC SYSTEMS, CREDIT MARKETS, REPAYMENT CAPACITY, BUSINESS NETWORKS, SAVINGS, FORMAL FINANCE, DISCRIMINATION, INFORMAL INSURANCE, HOUSING FINANCE, URBAN AREAS, LEVELS OF ACCESS, INTEREST RATE, FORMAL BANKING, CREDIT MARKET, SOCIAL NETWORKS, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, BACK-ALLEY BANKING

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::1f3662104d87e8cd2d5a71b3a1000157
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/22867

المؤلفون: World Bank

مصطلحات موضوعية: AFFORDABILITY, INVESTMENT, PAYMENT, LOAN PERFORMANCE, EXTREME POVERTY, TRANSACTION COSTS, FINANCING, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, LOAN DEFAULTS, BUSINESS SUPPORT, INVESTMENTS, FINANCIAL TRAINING, MICRO-FINANCING, DISPOSABLE INCOME, WOMEN, LOAN APPLICATIONS, SOURCE OF INFORMATION, COLLATERAL, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, PRIVATE ENTERPRISES, LATRINES, BANK, LOANS, FARMERS, INTERESTS, BUSINESS TRAINING, MFI, LOAN PRODUCT, BORROWERS, LOAN APPLICATION, MARKETS, LOAN PROCESSING, FINANCE, ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, PRICES, GROUP LOANS, MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS, FIXED COST, SMALL BUSINESSES, ENTERPRISES, ID, INFORMATION SYSTEM, HOUSEHOLD, LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES, APPROVAL PROCESS, FACILITATION, GUARANTEES, PRODUCTS, GRANT, MICRO-LOAN, LOAN SIZE, MARKET, WORKING CAPITAL, SUPPLY, SAVING, PAYMENTS, MFIS, BUSINESS PLANNING, CASH FLOW, MARKETING, PROFITABILITY, ACCESS TO FINANCE, NATIONAL BANK, FEES, DEMAND, PROVISION OF ACCESS, MICROCREDIT, PRODUCT, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, ACCESS TO MARKETS, MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION, FINANCIAL PRODUCT, CREDIT OFFICERS, CAPITAL, PUBLIC FUNDS, START-UP, CAPITAL COSTS, NEW BUSINESSES, VALUE, INSTALLMENTS, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ENTERPRISE, VILLAGES, CREDIT PROVISION, ACCREDITATION, VILLAGE, STUDENT, ACCESS TO LOANS, FAMILY, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, SUPPLY CHAIN, REVENUE, PROMOTION ACTIVITIES, HOUSEHOLDS, TRADITIONAL LOANS, DIVERSIFICATION, SPREAD, EQUITY, BANKS, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, MARKETING STRATEGIES, PUBLIC POLICY, LOAN, CREDIT, FIXED COSTS, LOAN FUNDS, CONSUMER CREDIT, SOCIAL ENTERPRISE, DEMAND ASSESSMENT, MARKET INFORMATION, PEOPLE, MICROFINANCE, LATRINE, ACCESS TO CAPITAL, SALES, REPAYMENT, BUSINESS  TRAINING, LOAN PROGRAM, INTEREST, BIASES, MARKET POTENTIAL, PROFIT MARGIN, SUBSIDY, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, REPAYMENT PERIOD, MICRO FINANCE, CAPACITY BUILDING, OUTREACH, LOAN OFFICERS, OPERATING COSTS, INITIAL INVESTMENT

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::fa1bbb032295d72e005af3a748200ff1
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21901

المؤلفون: World Bank

مصطلحات موضوعية: AFFORDABILITY, CUSTOMS, RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, SERVICE CONTRACTS, CARBON FINANCE, WOOD FUEL, APPROACH, CAPABILITY, SOLAR ENERGY, FINANCING NEED, QUALITY ASSURANCE, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, POSITIVE FEEDBACK, PUBLIC FACILITIES, RENEWABLE ENERGY, ADVERTISING, RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS, GOVERNMENT POLICY, ELECTRIFICATION, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES, SERVICE PROVIDERS, FRAUD, ONLINE DISCUSSIONS, GENERATION CAPACITY, MACHINERY, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, HYDRO POWER, HARDWARE, OUTSOURCING, ENERGY SYSTEMS, BASIC NEEDS, POLITICAL PROCESS, SMALL POWER PRODUCERS, LONG TERM FINANCING, HYDROPOWER, USER INFORMATION, SUBSIDIZATION, NEW BUSINESS, PDF, SOCIOECONOMIC DATA, GLOBAL STANDARDS, SMALL BUSINESSES, REGULATORY AGENCIES, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, VOLTAGE, SERVICE PROVIDER, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION, INFORMATION SYSTEM, ELECTRICAL POWER, PRODUCTION CREDITS, COPYRIGHT, DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY, POWER SYSTEMS, FINANCIAL RISK, TIME FRAME, GRAPHICS, ENERGY POLICY, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, ENGINEERING, MICROCREDIT, RURAL ENERGY, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, POWER PRODUCER, BANK ACCOUNT, FIXED ASSETS, BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, UNIVERSAL ACCESS GOALS, SOLAR LANTERNS, KNOWLEDGE SHARING, DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES, FINANCIAL VIABILITY, VILLAGES, ACCESS TO LOANS, DIFFUSION, KEY CHALLENGES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, NETWORKS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SAFETY, EQUIPMENT, HOUSEHOLDS, BUSINESS MODELS, RETAIL CUSTOMERS, VIDEO, GRID ELECTRICITY, TRANSMISSION, POWER, UNION, TRANSMISSION LINES, KEROSENE, POLICY FRAMEWORK, TARGETS, MICROFINANCE, TARIFF STRUCTURES, RURAL ACCESS, COOPERATIVES, INSTALLATION, REPAYMENT, DEVELOPMENT BANK, MAINTENANCE COST, ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY, HEAVY FUEL OIL, GRID ELECTRIFICATION, RESULTS, PACKET RADIO, BUSINESSES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, TRANSPORT, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INSPECTIONS, GENDER, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, PUMPS, TRANSACTION, USER GROUPS, IMAGE, EQUIPMENT COSTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT, PROGRAMS, SOLAR SYSTEM, TRANSACTION COSTS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, COMPUTERS, CARBON NEUTRAL, PILOT PROJECTS, ACCESS TO ENERGY, PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, DIESEL, ELECTRICITY DEMAND, RENEWABLE ENERGY PROGRAM, CONSUMER EDUCATION, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, BALANCE, RELIABILITY, INFORMATION SHARING, PROCUREMENT, SOLAR HOME SYSTEM, BIOGAS, USERS, WINDMILLS, BUSINESS PARTNERS, HIGH INTEREST RATES, ENGINEERS, MFI, PIPELINES, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, INSTALLATIONS, LAND OWNERSHIP, TECHNICAL STANDARDS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS, MOBILE PHONES, SANITATION, BI, TRANSMISSION LINE, ENERGY REQUIREMENTS, PUBLIC UTILITY, INSTITUTION, ENERGY DEMAND, GRID SYSTEMS, CONTRACTORS, POWER PRODUCERS, MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS, CREDIT LINE, DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS, PHONES, CREDITS, SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS, FALLING, MARKETING, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, GENERATION, ACCESS TO FINANCE, ACCESS TO ENERGY SERVICES, COLLABORATION, FUEL, ELECTRICITY, PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS, OPERATIONAL COSTS, TECHNICIANS, MANUFACTURING, POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS, BUSINESS PLANS, CAPITAL COSTS, SPREADSHEET, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, BATTERY CHARGING STATIONS, RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATORS, USES, USER, VILLAGE, APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY, BEST PRACTICES, BUSINESS MODEL, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SUPPLY CHAIN, ENERGY PLANNING, PRIVATE SECTOR, INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT, TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION, PACKET RADIO SERVICE, AGRICULTURAL BANK, CLEAN ENERGY, INNOVATIONS, LEARNING, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, JOINT VENTURES, COMMERCIAL BANKS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, UTILITIES, RENEWABLE ENERGIES, MATERIAL, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, KILOWATT HOUR, TOOLS, RADIO, AVAILABILITY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, WIND, BATTERY CHARGING, MOMENTUM, SAVINGS, CAPACITY BUILDING, ICT, PAYMENT DEFAULT, GRID EXTENSION, PPPS, PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP, TARIFF LEVELS, OPERATING COSTS

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::d252b3d163975c096ffa304ed16b8d1a
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/26073

المؤلفون: Keller, Jennifer, Scheja, Elina

مصطلحات موضوعية: CREDIT CONSTRAINT, DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES, MIGRANT, IMMIGRANTS, SKILL LEVEL, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, PULL FACTORS, INFLATION, EXTERNALITIES, POLICY MAKERS, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, IMMIGRATION POLICY, COLLATERAL, PUBLIC FINANCES, COUNTRY OF DESTINATION, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, EARNINGS, SKILLED WORKERS, LABOR SUPPLY, FINANCIAL MARKETS, SOCIAL RETURNS, EQUILIBRIUM MODELS, DEPOSITS, REMITTANCE, NUMBER OF WORKERS, PUBLIC SERVICES, BANK DEPOSITS, UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS, EXPLOITATION, SECONDARY EDUCATION, VULNERABILITY, ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES, INCOME INEQUALITY, MIGRATION DATA, SOURCES OF FINANCE, INTEREST RATES, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, WORKING CAPITAL, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, WORK FORCE, LIVING CONDITIONS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, PROFITABILITY, COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, MIGRATION DECISION, HOST COUNTRIES, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, MIGRANT FAMILY, CITIZENSHIP, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, CITIZENS, ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, DISSEMINATION, WELFARE BENEFITS, CREDITWORTHINESS, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, ACCESS TO LOANS, CAPITAL STOCK, HOST COUNTRY, PUSH FACTOR, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, HEALTH CARE, EDUCATION SYSTEM, HOUSEHOLDS, BENEFITS OF MIGRATION, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, BANKS, UNION, BORROWING, HOUSEHOLD POVERTY, RETURN MIGRATION, NATURAL DISASTER, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, LEGAL STATUS, MARKET INFORMATION, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, CREDIT RATING, EDUCATION LEVEL, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, CENTRAL BANKS, LABOR MARKETS, PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN, WORKFORCE, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INFLOW OF REMITTANCES, HOUSING, CORRUPTION, MIGRATION STATISTICS, TRANSPORTATION, NURSE, ECONOMIC AGENTS, MIGRATION PROCESS, FAMILY INCOME, GENDER, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, BANKING SYSTEM, ECONOMIC GROWTH, BRAIN DRAIN, EXCHANGE RATES, FAMILIES, CUSTOMER BASE, CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, NUMBER OF MIGRANTS, PUSH FACTORS, LABOR SHORTAGES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, WORKING CONDITIONS, SAFETY NETS, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, MACROECONOMICS, PRODUCTIVITY, BRAIN-DRAIN, MIGRANT-SENDING COUNTRIES, RULE OF LAW, IMMIGRATION POLICIES, COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, SOURCE OF INFORMATION, MIGRATION POLICIES, LOCAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, POLICY DECISIONS, DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME, IRREGULAR MIGRATION, MIGRANT WORKERS, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, HUMAN RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS, WAGES, RURAL AREAS, YOUNG MEN, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, LABOR MARKET, POPULATION DECLINE, NATURAL RESOURCE, INEQUALITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES, SEED MONEY, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, NATIONALS, DEBT, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK, COST OF CAPITAL, BANKING SECTOR, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, FORMAL BANKING SYSTEM, HUMAN RIGHTS, LABOR MOBILITY, MIGRATION PATTERNS, CREDITS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ACCESS TO FINANCE, ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS, IMMIGRANT, HOME COUNTRIES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ILLEGAL MIGRATION, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, ECONOMIC TRENDS, ACCOUNTING, REMITTANCES, BUSINESS OWNERSHIP, FUTURE GROWTH, ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS, HEALTH WORKERS, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMPACT OF MIGRATION, INEQUALITIES, INSURANCE, SEX, TRADE FLOWS, CURRENT ACCOUNT, EDUCATED MIGRANTS, NATIONAL POLICY, BUSINESS FORMATION, ECONOMIC POLICY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, DISPARITIES IN ACCESS, LABOR FORCE SURVEYS, POLICY RESEARCH, EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL ACCESS, DEBT MANAGEMENT, CHILD CARE, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, MIGRATION FLOWS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS, ACCESS TO JOB, GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, MIGRATION FLOW, DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS, LABOR FORCE, POPULATION CENSUSES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, SAVINGS, IMMIGRATION, PRACTITIONERS, URBAN AREAS, FORMAL BANKING, CENSUSES, EXPENDITURE

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::8cc1c200eed8e4187afc111592425020
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27100

المؤلفون: Lyman, Timothy, Lythgoe, Tony, Miller, Margaret, Reille, Xavier, Sankaranarayan, Shalini

مصطلحات موضوعية: AFFORDABILITY, LOAN DATA, EXISTING CREDIT, MICROBORROWERS, OUTSTANDING ASSET, CREDIT CARD, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, DONOR SUPPORT, LOAN OFFICER, COLLATERAL, DEBT RATIOS, FRAUD, TRANSPARENCY, EMERGING MARKETS, BANKING MARKETS, ASSET VALUES, CREDITORS, LOAN CONTRACTS, GROUP LOANS, MANDATE, CREDIT PORTFOLIOS, LOAN PORTFOLIOS, INDEBTEDNESS, INFORMATION SYSTEM, SOURCES OF FINANCE, GROUP GUARANTEES, ARREARS, CREDIT RISK, INCOME LEVELS, LOAN SIZE, LOW-INCOME CONSUMERS, LOAN AMOUNTS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, CENTRAL REGISTRY, FINANCIAL LITERACY, LOCAL MARKET, CREDIT SCORES, MICROCREDIT, LATE PAYMENT, AUDITS, CREDIT PROVIDERS, PORTFOLIO, POLITICAL ECONOMY, LENDER, MARKET PARTICIPANTS, CREDIT SCORING, LOAN UNDERWRITING, CREDITWORTHINESS, RECORD KEEPING, ACCESS TO LOANS, REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, RURAL FINANCE, CREDIT BUREAUS, LENDING INSTITUTIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, HOUSEHOLDS, LEVEL OF CREDIT, NATURAL DISASTERS, PRIVATE CREDIT, LEVELS OF DEBT, BORROWING, MATURITY, NONPERFORMING LOANS, PUBLIC RECORDS, MARKET SHARE, MICROFINANCE, BANKING AUTHORITIES, LOANS FROM BANKS, REPAYMENT INCENTIVES, CREDIT HISTORY, CREDIT REGISTRIES, COOPERATIVES, REPAYMENT, CENTRAL BANK OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, ECONOMICS, HOUSING, FINANCIAL PROVIDERS, GENDER EQUALITY, REPAYMENT DISCIPLINE, COSTS OF CREDIT, ACCURATE INFORMATION, FINANCIAL NEEDS, DOWN MARKET, CREDIT MARKET, GENDER, SOCIAL NETWORKS, INFORMAL SECTOR LENDERS, TRANSACTION, PUBLIC REGISTRY, PUBLIC CREDIT, FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS, BANKING SUPERVISION, CREDIT REPORTS, FAMILIES, REPAYMENT HISTORY, CUSTOMER BASE, TRANSACTION COSTS, OUTSTANDING LOAN, INFORMAL LENDERS, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, PRODUCTIVITY, ASSET QUALITY, CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU, RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, CREDIT REPORT, JURISDICTION, ASSETS, INFORMATION SHARING, CONSUMER PROTECTION, MATURE MARKETS, RISK MANAGEMENT, CREDIT INSTITUTIONS, HIGH INTEREST RATES, CREDIT DISCIPLINE, MFI, BORROWER, LOAN APPLICATION, VALUABLE ASSET, REGULATORY AUTHORITIES, LENDING DECISIONS, MONEYLENDERS, CREDIT REGISTRY, FORMAL CREDIT, POTENTIAL BORROWER, CREDIT BUREAU, LEGAL RIGHTS, DEFAULTS, CONSUMER LOANS, DEMAND FOR CREDIT, COMPLIANCE COSTS, MARKET RISKS, DEBT, FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE, REGULATORY AUTHORITY, COMPETITIVE MARKETS, CREDITS, INTERNATIONAL CREDIT, RESERVE BANK, CONSUMER LENDING, FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, ACCESS TO FINANCE, CENTRAL BANK, INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, POLICY RESPONSES, CREDIT HISTORIES, INDIVIDUAL LOANS, LOW-INCOME FAMILIES, ACCESSIBILITY, PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS, CREDIT-WORTHINESS, OFFERINGS, BANKING AUTHORITY, CREDIT INFORMATION, REPAYMENTS, VILLAGE, PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAU, RESERVE, PRUDENTIAL REGULATION, INSURANCE, TURNOVER, CREDIT REPORTING, REGULATORY BARRIERS, CONSUMER FINANCE, BENEFITS OF CREDIT, COMMERCIAL BANKING, CREDIT REPORTING SYSTEM, MARKET CONDITIONS, EXCESSIVE INDEBTEDNESS, MARKET INCENTIVES, MARKET LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, ACCESS TO CREDIT, FINANCIAL ACCESS, COMMERCIAL BANKS, CREDIT PRODUCTS, LOW-INCOME BORROWERS, CONSUMER LOAN, SALARIES, DEBT COLLECTION, MICROFINANCE SECTOR, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, FINANCE COMPANIES, FINANCIAL INNOVATION, SAVINGS, BANK SUPERVISION, CAPACITY BUILDING, GROUP LENDING, OUTREACH, RESERVE BANK OF INDIA, CONSUMER GOODS, NEW CREDIT, FORM OF CREDIT, CREDIT DECISIONS

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::0db933df228d955be7ad8a0233a2304e
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/26880

المؤلفون: World Bank

مصطلحات موضوعية: WHOLESALERS, MARKET REFORM, CREDIT PROGRAMS, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS, MULTINATIONALS, PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES, INFLATION, EXPORT MARKETS, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, FRUITS, FAIR, RURAL CREDIT, INPUT PRICES, RURAL CREDIT MARKETS, GOVERNMENT POLICY, BANK LOAN, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, COLLATERAL, CREDIT TRANSACTION, MARKET ENVIRONMENT, COTTON PRODUCTION, LANDOWNERS, TRANSPARENCY, EXCHANGE RATE INSTABILITY, SPOT MARKET, EMERGING ECONOMIES, GUARANTEE PRODUCT, HOLDING, SUGAR, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, FINANCIAL MEANS, MULTINATIONAL, YIELDS, EXPLOITATION, PROPERTY RIGHTS, STATE BANKS, VEGETABLES, INSECURE PROPERTY, SMALL FARM, LEGAL CONSTRAINTS, PURCHASING, SUPPLIER, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, LIQUIDITY, FAO, WORKING CAPITAL, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, SEED COTTON, DEBTS, CASH FLOW, PROFITABILITY, PUBLIC ENFORCEMENT, GUARANTEED ACCESS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, MARKET PRICES, CASH ACCOUNTS, TRANSITION COUNTRY, TAX REGIME, EXCLUSION, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, BANKRUPTCY, COTTON PRICE, POLICY CREDIBILITY, MONOPOLY, ACCESS TO LOANS, CONTRACT LAW, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SAFETY, EQUIPMENT, AGRICULTURAL CREDIT, HOUSEHOLDS, SPREAD, PREPAYMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, UNION, PRIVATIZATION, INVESTMENT LOAN, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, MARKET INFORMATION, CASH RESERVES, ACCESS TO CAPITAL, FERTILIZER, LOANS FROM BANKS, COOPERATIVES, GLOBALIZATION, BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, REPAYMENT, SALES, DEVELOPMENT BANK, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIPS, ACCESS TO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ECONOMICS, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS, TRADING, LOCAL BANK, SMALL FARMERS, LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAMS, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, TRANSACTION COST, SAFETY STANDARDS, MARKET ECONOMY, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, WAREHOUSE, EFFICIENCY BENEFITS, MARKET ACCESS, INVESTMENT LOANS, TAX, FOREIGN INVESTORS, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM, LEVEL OF INTEREST RATES, OVEREMPLOYMENT, SOURCE OF CREDIT, COMMODITY, ECONOMIC REFORMS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, MARKET ECONOMIES, FUTURE CASH FLOWS, MARKET LIBERALIZATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, INSTRUMENT, PRODUCTIVITY, INVESTING, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, COMMERCIAL CREDITS, COTTON, SEEDS, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE, GRAINS, NECESSARY COLLATERAL, SEED, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, NONPAYMENTS, DEFAULT RISK, BANKRUPTCIES, ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, BARRIERS TO GROWTH, WAREHOUSE RECEIPT, DEFAULTS, CROP, GOVERNMENT FINANCING, DEBT, DIRECT LOANS, TRADE PROTECTION, PRODUCTION CAPACITY, PROVISION OF CREDIT, TRADE CREDIT, MARKETING, CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT, ACCESS TO FINANCE, WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEMS, OBSTACLES TO GROWTH, RETURN, BARGAINING POWER, RENTS, INNOVATION, PRICE CONTROLS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, PRODUCTION PROCESS, TAX INCENTIVES, ACCESS TO MARKETS, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, BUSINESS PLANS, FACTOR MARKETS, STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, COUNTRY CREDIT, FARMER, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, VILLAGE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, SUPPLIERS, EQUITY ISSUES, SUPPLY CHAIN, DEPRESSED PRICES, HOLDINGS, COTTON SECTOR, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, COTTON PRICES, ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS, BANK LOANS, BARGAINING, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, MARKET CONDITIONS, MARKET PRICE, ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS, GOVERNMENT REVENUE, DOMESTIC BANKS, PUBLIC POLICY, SMALLHOLDERS, INNOVATIONS, ACCESS TO CREDIT, GRAIN, MONOPOLIES, CREDIT CONTRACT, SUPPLY CHAINS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, LOAN GUARANTEES, BANKRUPTCY LAWS, GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT, SMALL PRODUCERS, COLLATERAL PROBLEMS, SMALL FARMS, ALTERNATIVE FINANCING, MOTIVATION, LOAN GUARANTEE, PRODUCT QUALITY, LACK OF COMPETITION, RETAIL, FOOD INDUSTRY, SUPPLY CONTRACTS, PRICE UNCERTAINTY, SPOT MARKETS, PRODUCE, ADVISORY SERVICES

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::3e9a6302b801aae7b11cae13a8a776da
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/480561468038085982/The-dynamics-of-vertical-coordination-in-agrifood-chains-in-Eastern-Europe-and-Central-Asia-implications-for-policy-and-World-Bank-operations

المؤلفون: Johnston, Don Jr., Morduch, Jonathan

مصطلحات موضوعية: lender, financial access, lack of collateral, microfinance, small businesses, collateral, households, small loans, creditworthiness, access to loans

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2456::9d39af0a386dde9deec4a887249ff9a5
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/4490