المؤلفون: Jasinska W; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel., Dindo M; Protein Engineering and Evolution Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy., Cordoba SMC; Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany., Serohijos AWR; Departement de Biochimie, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Centre Robert-Cedergren en Bio-informatique et Genomique, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada., Laurino P; Protein Engineering and Evolution Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan. paola.laurino@oist.jp.; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. paola.laurino@oist.jp., Brotman Y; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. brotmany@bgu.ac.il., Bershtein S; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. shimonb@bgu.ac.il.

المصدر: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Jun 20; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 5285. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 20.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Pub. Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101528555 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2041-1723 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20411723 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Commun Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Citric Acid Cycle* , Nitrogen*/metabolism , Carbon*/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Bacillus subtilis*/metabolism , Bacillus subtilis*/genetics , Bacillus subtilis*/enzymology , Isocitrate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Isocitrate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Ketoglutaric Acids*/metabolism, Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Ammonium Compounds/metabolism

المؤلفون: Noble M; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany., Chatterjee A; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany., Sekaran T; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany., Schwarzl T; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany., Hentze MW; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany hentze@embl.org.

المصدر: RNA (New York, N.Y.) [RNA] 2024 Jun 17; Vol. 30 (7), pp. 839-853. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9509184 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1469-9001 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13558382 NLM ISO Abbreviation: RNA Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Cytosol*/metabolism , Cytosol*/enzymology , Mitochondria*/metabolism , Mitochondria*/genetics , Mitochondria*/enzymology , Protein Binding* , Citric Acid Cycle*, Humans ; RNA/metabolism ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; RNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; NAD/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics

المؤلفون: Wang X; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China., Wang B; Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China., Hu Y; Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China., Zhang Z; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China., Zhang B; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangbiji@zju.edu.cn.

المصدر: International journal of food microbiology [Int J Food Microbiol] 2024 Jun 02; Vol. 417, pp. 110685. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8412849 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3460 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01681605 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Food Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Acrolein*/*analogs & derivatives, Acrolein*/pharmacology , Aspergillus niger*/drug effects , Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Fungal Proteins*/metabolism , Antifungal Agents*/pharmacology, Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Proteomics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Citric Acid Cycle/drug effects

المؤلفون: Fedorin DN; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia. Electronic address: rybolov@mail.ru., Eprintsev AT; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia. Electronic address: bc366@bio.vsu.ru., Igamberdiev AU; Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada. Electronic address: igamberdiev@mun.ca.

المصدر: Journal of plant physiology [J Plant Physiol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 294, pp. 154195. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Urban & Fischer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9882059 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1618-1328 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01761617 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Plant Physiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Malate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Fumarate Hydratase*/genetics, Citrate (si)-Synthase/genetics ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism ; Tricarboxylic Acids/metabolism ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Plants/genetics ; Plants/metabolism ; Aconitate Hydratase/genetics ; Aconitate Hydratase/metabolism ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Respiration

المؤلفون: Altea-Manzano P; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium., Vandekeere A; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium., Edwards-Hicks J; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Roldan M; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain., Abraham E; Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK., Lleshi X; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Guerrieri AN; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Berardi D; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Wills J; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Junior JM; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Pantazi A; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Acosta JC; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK., Sanchez-Martin RM; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain., Fendt SM; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium., Martin-Hernandez M; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I Department, School of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: miguelmartin@ugr.es., Finch AJ; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. Electronic address: a.finch@qmul.ac.uk.

المصدر: Molecular cell [Mol Cell] 2022 Dec 01; Vol. 82 (23), pp. 4537-4547.e7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Cell Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9802571 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-4164 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10972765 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Cell Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: NAD*/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction ; Citric Acid Cycle/physiology ; Respiration

المؤلفون: Omini J; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA., Wojciechowska I; Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany., Skirycz A; Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.; Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA., Moriyama H; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA., Obata T; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. tobata2@unl.edu.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2021 Sep 21; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 18770. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 21.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Citric Acid Cycle*, Citrate (si)-Synthase/*metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism, Animals ; Catalysis ; Swine

المؤلفون: Harold LK; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: liamharold@gmail.com., Jinich A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA., Hards K; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Cordeiro A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA., Keighley LM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand., Cross A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand., McNeil MB; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Rhee K; Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA., Cook GM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: greg.cook@otago.ac.nz.

المصدر: The Journal of biological chemistry [J Biol Chem] 2022 May; Vol. 298 (5), pp. 101859. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 23.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 2985121R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1083-351X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00219258 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Biol Chem Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Malate Dehydrogenase*/genetics , Malate Dehydrogenase*/metabolism , Malates*/metabolism , Oxidoreductases*/genetics , Oxidoreductases*/metabolism, Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Carbon/metabolism ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Mycobacterium smegmatis/genetics ; Mycobacterium smegmatis/metabolism ; Oxaloacetic Acid/metabolism

المؤلفون: Budni J; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil. josiane.budni@unesc.net., Braga Brandão A; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., da Silva S; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Lima Garcez M; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Mina F; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Bellettini-Santos T; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Casagrande Zabot G; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Behenck Medeiros E; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Scaini G; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., de Oliveira J; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Streck EL; Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil., Quevedo J; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.; Center of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.

المصدر: Metabolic brain disease [Metab Brain Dis] 2021 Jun; Vol. 36 (5), pp. 1057-1067. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 22.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8610370 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-7365 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08857490 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Metab Brain Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Brain/*drug effects , Citric Acid Cycle/*drug effects , Creatine Kinase/*metabolism , Galactose/*administration & dosage , Malate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism , Tricarboxylic Acids/*metabolism, Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

المؤلفون: Wang YP; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, China., Sharda A; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Xu SN; Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China., van Gastel N; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Man CH; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Choi U; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Leong WZ; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Li X; Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China., Scadden DT; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: david_scadden@harvard.edu.

المصدر: Cell metabolism [Cell Metab] 2021 May 04; Vol. 33 (5), pp. 1027-1041.e8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Cell Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101233170 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-7420 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15504131 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cell Metab Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Fumarates/*metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism , Mitochondria/*metabolism, Animals ; Cell Line ; Citric Acid Cycle ; DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; Dimerization ; Humans ; Leukemia/pathology ; Leukemia/veterinary ; Malate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Malate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism ; Pyrophosphatases/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism ; Thymidine/metabolism

المؤلفون: Jung T; Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Technical Microbiology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany., Mack M; Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Technical Microbiology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.

المصدر: FEMS microbiology letters [FEMS Microbiol Lett] 2018 Apr 01; Vol. 365 (8).

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7705721 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1574-6968 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03781097 NLM ISO Abbreviation: FEMS Microbiol Lett Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Citric Acid Cycle* , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial*, Bacillus subtilis/*enzymology , Bacterial Proteins/*genetics , Citrate (si)-Synthase/*metabolism , Escherichia coli/*enzymology , Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism, Bacillus subtilis/genetics ; Bacillus subtilis/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Malate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Operon ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding