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المؤلفون: Mandy, Goldberg, Mary V, Díaz-Santana, Katie M, O'Brien, Shanshan, Zhao, Clarice R, Weinberg, Dale P, Sandler
المصدر: Epidemiology. 33:868-879
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Cohort Studies, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Middle Aged, Aged
الوصف: Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are hypothesized to be associated with reduced maternal breast cancer risk, but the epidemiologic evidence is inconclusive. Our objective was to examine associations between gestational hypertensive disorders and breast cancer in a nationwide cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer.Women ages 35-74 years who had a sister previously diagnosed with breast cancer, but had never had breast cancer themselves, were enrolled in the Sister Study from 2003 to 2009 (N = 50,884). At enrollment, participants reported diagnoses of eclampsia, preeclampsia, or gestational hypertension in each pregnancy. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between history of a gestational hypertensive disorder and incident invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ among 40,720 parous women. We used age as the time scale and adjusted for birth cohort, race-ethnicity, and reproductive, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. We examined effect measure modification by risk factors for gestational hypertensive disease and breast cancer and assessed possible etiologic heterogeneity across tumor characteristics.The prevalence of gestational hypertensive disease was 12%. During follow-up (mean = 10.9 years), 3,198 eligible women self-reported a breast cancer diagnosis. History of a gestational hypertensive disorder was not associated with breast cancer risk (HR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.90, 1.1). We did not observe clear evidence of effect measure modification or etiologic heterogeneity.History of a gestational hypertensive disorder was not associated with breast cancer risk in a cohort of women with a first-degree family history of breast cancer.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7ddf5f419c8af05c9905fbca90a92d9e
https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000001511 -
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المصدر: Breast Cancer Research, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020)
Breast Cancer Research : BCRمصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Thelarche, Breast Neoplasms, lcsh:RC254-282, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Humans, Medicine, Breast, Prospective Studies, Family history, Risk factor, Child, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, 030304 developmental biology, Menarche, 0303 health sciences, Breast development, business.industry, Obstetrics, Incidence, Siblings, Body Weight, Hazard ratio, Puberty, Bayes Theorem, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, United States, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Female, business, Research Article
الوصف: BackgroundEarlier age at menarche is an established risk factor for breast cancer. While age at menarche has been fairly stable over the past half-century, age at breast development (thelarche) has continued to decrease. Recently, earlier age at thelarche and a longer time between thelarche and menarche (pubertal tempo) were shown to be associated with increased breast cancer risk. Our objective was to examine how breast cancer risk was associated with pubertal timing and tempo in a prospective US cohort.MethodsWomen ages 35–74 years without a history of breast cancer, but who had a sister previously diagnosed with breast cancer, were enrolled in the Sister Study from 2003 to 2009 (N = 50,884). At enrollment, participants reported their ages at thelarche and menarche. Pubertal tempo was age at menarche minus age at thelarche. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each pubertal milestone and risk of breast cancer (invasive or ductal carcinoma in situ) using Cox proportional hazards regression. We examined whether associations between age at thelarche and breast cancer risk were modified by birth cohort, race/ethnicity, weight at age 10, and extent of breast cancer family history, as characterized by a Bayesian score based on first-degree family structure.ResultsDuring follow-up (mean = 9.3 years), 3295 eligible women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Early ages at thelarche (HR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.03–1.46 for ConclusionsEarlier ages at thelarche and menarche may enhance susceptibility to breast carcinogenesis. Age at thelarche is an important risk factor to consider given secular trends towards earlier development.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ce5cf08a93b5c5963c156233af781cf0
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13058-020-01326-2 -
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المصدر: Breast Cancer Research : BCR
Breast Cancer Research, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)مصطلحات موضوعية: Menarche, Adult, Thelarche, Siblings, Puberty, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Breast Neoplasms, Breast development, Middle Aged, Early-life, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Prenatal exposures, Humans, Female, Breast, RC254-282, Research Article, Aged
الوصف: Background Early age at breast development (thelarche) has been associated with increased breast cancer risk. Average age at thelarche has declined over time, but there are few established risk factors for early thelarche. We examined associations between pre- and postnatal exposures and age at thelarche in a US cohort of women born between 1928 and 1974. Methods Breast cancer-free women ages 35–74 years who had a sister diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled in the Sister Study from 2003 to 2009 (N = 50,884). At enrollment, participants reported information on early-life exposures and age at thelarche, which we categorized as early (≤ 10 years), average (11–13 years), and late (≥ 14 years). For each exposure, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early and late thelarche using polytomous logistic regression, adjusted for birth cohort, race/ethnicity and family income level in childhood. Results Early thelarche was associated with multiple prenatal exposures: gestational hypertensive disorder (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.09–1.43), diethylstilbestrol use (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.45), smoking during pregnancy (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.13–1.27), young maternal age (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.16–1.47 for Conclusions Associations between pre- and postnatal exposures and age at thelarche suggest that the early-life environment influences breast development and therefore may also affect breast cancer risk by altering the timing of pubertal breast development.
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المؤلفون: Robert Jeffrey Karnes, Jian-Bing Fan, Janet L. Stanford, Jonathan L. Wright, Anqi Cheng, Shanshan Zhao, E. Davicioni, Ziding Feng, Elaine A. Ostrander, James Y. Dai, Suzanne Kolb, Liesel M. FitzGerald, Robert B. Jenkins
المصدر: Prostate
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Risk Assessment, Sensitivity and Specificity, Article, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Prostate, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, In patient, RNA, Messenger, Neoplasm Metastasis, Aged, Gene transcript, Training set, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Prostatic Neoplasms, Cancer, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Salivary Cystatins, Neoplasm Grading, Transcription Factors, General, business
الوصف: Background: Molecular studies have tried to address the unmet need for prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Some gene expression tests improve upon clinical factors for prediction of outcomes, but additional tools for accurate prediction of tumor aggressiveness are needed. Methods: Based on a previously published panel of 23 gene transcripts that distinguished patients with metastatic progression, we constructed a prediction model using independent training and testing datasets. Using the validated messenger RNAs and Gleason score (GS), we performed model selection in the training set to define a final locked model to classify patients who developed metastatic-lethal events from those who remained recurrence-free. In an independent testing dataset, we compared our locked model to established clinical prognostic factors and utilized Kaplan-Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic analyses to evaluate the model's performance. Results: Thirteen of 23 previously identified gene transcripts that stratified patients with aggressive PCa were validated in the training dataset. These biomarkers plus GS were used to develop a four-gene (CST2, FBLN1, TNFRSF19, and ZNF704) transcript (4GT) score that was significantly higher in patients who progressed to metastatic-lethal events compared to those without recurrence in the testing dataset (P = 5.7 × 10-11). The 4GT score provided higher prediction accuracy (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69-0.83; partial area under the ROC curve [pAUC] = 0.008) than GS alone (AUC = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.56-0.70; pAUC = 0.002), and it improved risk stratification in subgroups defined by a combination of clinicopathological features (ie, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment-Surgery). Conclusion: Our validated 4GT score has prognostic value for metastatic-lethal progression in men treated for localized PCa and warrants further evaluation for its clinical utility.
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المؤلفون: Shanshan Zhao, Rachel Carroll
المصدر: Clin Colorectal Cancer
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, End results, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Seer data, Models, Biological, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Humans, Medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Age Factors, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Iowa, Survival Analysis, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Colorectal Neoplasms, business, SEER Program, Demography
الوصف: Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common worldwide, with 140,250 diagnoses and 50,630 deaths estimated for the United States in 2018. Guidelines current to the most recent individuals in our analysis suggested regular screenings beginning at age 50 have reduced the incidence of CRC. However, the incidence continues to rise among those under 50. Less is known about survival following CRC diagnosis, but research has suggested that younger cases may also have worse survival. However, we hypothesize that younger individuals are generally healthier with fewer comorbidities, leading to the potential for better survival following diagnosis. Materials and Methods We utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data to estimate and assess both spatial and temporal variation in age-specific colorectal cancer incidence and survival in Iowa. Results Both overall and older-onset colorectal cancer incidence began to decline in the early 2000s, whereas younger-onset incidences decreased until the late 1980s but then increased steeply through the 2000s. The risk for those younger than 50 years of age first exceeded the risk for those 50 years or older in 2007. Survival times did increase for overall CRC, older-onset CRC, and young-onset CRC throughout the study period, with young-onset CRC increasing at a higher rate. The spatial variation assessment indicated that the survival was positively associated with several variables of interest, most notably disparities including better access to healthcare and higher sociodemographic status. Conclusion In conclusion, results suggest that regular colorectal screenings could reduce incidence and mortality in people under 50.
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المؤلفون: Naveen Eluru, Tanmoy Bhowmik, Shamsunnahar Yasmin, Shanshan Zhao, Eric Jackson, Kai Wang
المصدر: Accident Analysis & Prevention. 125:188-197
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Automobile Driving, Multivariate statistics, animal structures, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Ordered probit, Crash, Copula (probability theory), Young Adult, Injury Severity Score, Gumbel distribution, Econometrics, Humans, Built Environment, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Driving under the influence, media_common, Variables, celebrities, Accidents, Traffic, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Statistical model, Middle Aged, celebrities.reason_for_arrest, Connecticut, Motor Vehicles, Logistic Models, Wounds and Injuries, Female, human activities
الوصف: This study employs a copula-based multivariate temporal ordered probit model to simultaneously estimate the four common intersection crash consequence metrics - driver error, crash type, vehicle damage and injury severity - by accounting for potential correlations due to common observed and unobserved factors, while also accommodating the temporal instability of model estimates over time. To this end, a comprehensive literature review of relevant studies was conducted; four different copula model specifications including Frank, Clayton, Joe and Gumbel were estimated to identify the dominant factors contributing to each crash consequence indicator; the temporal effects on model estimates were investigated; the elasticity effects of the independent variables with regard to all four crash consequence indicators were measured to express the magnitude of the effects of an independent variable on the probability change for each level of four indicators; and specific countermeasures were recommended for each of the contributing factors to improve the intersection safety. The model goodness-of-fit illustrates that the Joe copula model with the parameterized copula parameters outperforms the other models, which verifies that the injury severity, crash type, vehicle damage and driver error are significantly correlated due to common observed and unobserved factors and, accounting for their correlations, can lead to more accurate model estimation results. The parameterization of the copula function indicates that their correlation varies among different crashes, including crashes that occurred at stop-controlled intersections, four-leg intersections and crashes which involved drivers younger than 25. The model coefficient estimates indicate that the driver's age, driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol, intersection geometry and control types, and adverse weather and light conditions are the most critical factors contributing to severe crash consequences. The coefficient estimates of four-leg intersections, yield and stop-controlled intersections and adverse weather conditions varied over time, which indicates that the model estimation of crash data may not be stable over time and should be accommodated in crash prediction analysis. In the end, relevant countermeasures corresponding to law enforcement and intersection infrastructure design are recommended to all of the contributing factors identified by the model. It is anticipated that this study can shed light on selecting valid statistical models for crash data analysis, identifying intersection safety issues, and helping develop effective countermeasures to improve intersection safety.
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المؤلفون: Marina Bibikova, Raymond S. Lance, Brandy Klotzle, Ziding Feng, Jonathan L. Wright, Dean A. Troyer, Rohina Rubicz, Jian-Bing Fan, Milan S. Geybels, Janet L. Stanford, Shanshan Zhao, Elaine A. Ostrander, Suzanne Kolb
المصدر: Genomics. 111:10-16
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Epigenomics, Male, 0301 basic medicine, PCA3, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Stage (cooking), Pathological, Aged, Prostatectomy, Prostatic Neoplasms, Methylation, DNA Methylation, Genetic Profile, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Progression-Free Survival, Black or African American, 030104 developmental biology, CpG site, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, DNA methylation, Disease Progression, CpG Islands, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
الوصف: This study examined whether differential DNA methylation is associated with clinical features of more aggressive disease at diagnosis and prostate cancer recurrence in African American men, who are more likely to die from prostate cancer than other populations. Tumor tissues from 76 African Americans diagnosed with prostate cancer who had radical prostatectomy as their primary treatment were profiled for epigenome-wide DNA methylation levels. Long-term follow-up identified 19 patients with prostate cancer recurrence. Twenty-three CpGs were differentially methylated (FDR q≤0.25, mean methylation difference ≥0.10) in patients with vs. without recurrence, including CpGs in GCK, CDKL2, PRDM13, and ZFR2. Methylation differences were also observed between men with metastatic-lethal prostate cancer vs. no recurrence (five CpGs), regional vs. local pathological stage (two CpGs), and higher vs. lower tumor aggressiveness (one CpG). These results indicate that differentially methylated CpG sites identified in tumor tissues of African American men may contribute to prostate cancer aggressiveness.
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المصدر: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 28:51-58
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Breast Neoplasms, Sister, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Prospective Studies, Family history, skin and connective tissue diseases, Prospective cohort study, Exercise, Aged, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Obstetrics, Hazard ratio, Bayes Theorem, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, United States, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Female, business, Follow-Up Studies
الوصف: Background: Recreational physical activity has been consistently associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Less is known about how family history of breast cancer affects the association and whether it varies by menopausal status. Methods: The Sister Study is a cohort of 50,884 women who had a sister with breast cancer but no prior breast cancer themselves at enrollment. Women reported all recreational sport/exercise activities they participated in over the past 12 months. Hours/week and MET-hours/week of physical activity were considered in association with breast cancer risk. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with Cox regression. Extent of family history, examined as a modifier, was characterized by a Bayesian score incorporating characteristics of the family structure. Results: During follow-up (average 8.4 years), 3,023 cases were diagnosed. Higher hours/week (HR≥7vs Conclusions: In women with a family history of breast cancer, physical activity was associated with reduced postmenopausal, but not premenopausal, breast cancer risk and was not modified by extent of family history. Impact: This was the first study to examine the association between physical activity and breast cancer risk in a large population with a family history of breast cancer.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::3f1dca244ff5d7b0d42e472d53d4fc71
https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0674 -
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المؤلفون: Hailey R. Banack, Margery Gass, Ross L. Prentice, Aaron K. Aragaki, Rowan T. Chlebowski, Garnet L. Anderson, JoAnn E. Manson, Shanshan Zhao, Beverly M. Snively, Jacques E. Rossouw, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Robert B. Wallace, Lihong Qi
المصدر: Am J Epidemiol
American journal of epidemiology, vol 189, iss 9مصطلحات موضوعية: Aging, Epidemiology, Practice of Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Response to Invited Commentary, Medical and Health Sciences, Conjugated (USP), Mathematical Sciences, hazard ratio, Fractures, Bone, 0302 clinical medicine, cardiovascular disease, Risk Factors, Medroxyprogesterone acetate, 030212 general & internal medicine, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Estrogens, Conjugated (USP), diabetes, Women's Health Initiative, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Hormone replacement therapy (menopause), fractures, Middle Aged, Intention to Treat Analysis, Postmenopause, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cox model, Female, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, menopausal hormone therapy, Context (language use), Gallbladder Diseases, Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, medicine, cancer, Humans, Bone, dual outcomes, Aged, Intention-to-treat analysis, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Contraception/Reproduction, Estrogens, Estrogen, United States, Good Health and Well Being, Hormone therapy, business
الوصف: Dual-outcome intention-to-treat hazard rate analyses have potential to complement single-outcome analyses for the evaluation of treatments or exposures in relation to multivariate time-to-response outcomes. Here we consider pairs formed from important clinical outcomes to obtain further insight into influences of menopausal hormone therapy on chronic disease. As part of the Women’s Health Initiative, randomized, placebo-controlled hormone therapy trials of conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) among posthysterectomy participants and of these same estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) among participants with an intact uterus were carried out at 40 US clinical centers (1993–2016). These data provide the context for analyses covering the trial intervention periods and a nearly 20-year (median) cumulative duration of follow-up. The rates of multiple outcome pairs were significantly influenced by hormone therapy, especially over cumulative follow-up, providing potential clinical and mechanistic insights. For example, among women randomized to either regimen, hazard ratios for pairs defined by fracture during intervention followed by death from any cause were reduced and hazard ratios for pairs defined by gallbladder disease followed by death were increased, though these findings may primarily reflect single-outcome associations. In comparison, hazard ratios for diabetes followed by death were reduced with CEE but not with CEE + MPA, and those for hypertension followed by death were increased with CEE + MPA but not with CEE.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1b94d98e0d01a5bc9339e8dfe70441c3
https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7443766/ -
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المؤلفون: Lijun Zhang, Rachel Carroll, Nathaniel R. Geyer, Shanshan Zhao, Raymond J. Hohl, Ming Wang, Alicia C. McDonald, Eugene J. Lengerich, Emily Wasserman
المصدر: BMC Cancer
BMC Cancer, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Rural Population, Cancer Research, Accelerated failure time models, lcsh:RC254-282, Catchment area, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Genetics, medicine, Ethnicity, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Registries, Mortality, Survival rate, Aged, Spatial Analysis, Geography, business.industry, Mortality rate, Cancer, Prostatic Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Pennsylvania, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Confidence interval, Cancer registry, Spatial heterogeneity, Survival Rate, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Demography, Follow-Up Studies, Research Article
الوصف: Background Spatial heterogeneity of prostate cancer-specific mortality in Pennsylvania remains unclear. We utilized advanced geospatial survival regressions to examine spatial variation of prostate cancer-specific mortality in PA and evaluate potential effects of individual- and county-level risk factors. Methods Prostate cancer cases, aged ≥40 years, were identified in the 2004–2014 Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. The 2018 County Health Rankings data and the 2014 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Quality Index were used to extract county-level data. The accelerated failure time models with spatial frailties for geographical correlations were used to assess prostate cancer-specific mortality rates for Pennsylvania and by the Penn State Cancer Institute (PSCI) 28-county catchment area. Secondary assessment based on estimated spatial frailties was conducted to identify potential health and environmental risk factors for mortality. Results There were 94,274 cases included. The 5-year survival rate in PA was 82% (95% confidence interval, CI: 81.1–82.8%), with the catchment area having a lower survival rate 81% (95% CI: 79.5–82.6%) compared to the non-catchment area rate of 82.3% (95% CI: 81.4–83.2%). Black men, uninsured, more aggressive prostate cancer, rural and urban Appalachia, positive lymph nodes, and no definitive treatment were associated with lower survival. Several county-level health (i.e., poor physical activity) and environmental factors in air and land (i.e., defoliate chemical applied) were associated with higher mortality rates. Conclusions Spatial variations in prostate cancer-specific mortality rates exist in Pennsylvania with a higher risk in the PSCI’s catchment area, in particular, rural-Appalachia. County-level health and environmental factors may contribute to spatial heterogeneity in prostate cancer-specific mortality.
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