المؤلفون: Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Pagani E; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Valsasina P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Amato MP; Department NEUROFARBA, Section Neurosciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy., Brichetto G; Scientific Research Area, Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (FISM), Genoa, Italy.; AISM Rehabilitation Service, Italian Multiple Sclerosis Society, Genoa, Italy., Bruschi N; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy., Chataway J; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, London, UK., Chiaravalloti ND; Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA., Cutter G; Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Dalgas U; Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., DeLuca J; Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA., Farrell R; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, London, UK., Feys P; REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium., Freeman J; Faculty of Health, School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK., Inglese M; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy., Meani A; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Meza C; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada., Motl RW; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Salter A; Department of Neurology, Section on Statistical Planning and Analysis, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA., Sandroff BM; Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA., Feinstein A; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. filippi.massimo@hsr.it.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. filippi.massimo@hsr.it.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. filippi.massimo@hsr.it.

مؤلفون مشاركون: the CogEx Research Team

المصدر: Journal of neurology [J Neurol] 2023 Mar; Vol. 270 (3), pp. 1543-1563. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0423161 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-1459 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03405354 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Multiple Sclerosis*/complications , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/pathology, Humans ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

المؤلفون: Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy rocca.mara@hsr.it.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy., Valsasina P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy., Meani A; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy., Gobbi C; Neurology Clinic, MS Center/Headache Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland EOC, Lugano, Switzerland.; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland., Zecca C; Neurology Clinic, MS Center/Headache Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland EOC, Lugano, Switzerland.; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland., Barkhof F; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Schoonheim MM; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Strijbis EM; Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Vrenken H; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Gallo A; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI-Center, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy., Bisecco A; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI-Center, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy., Ciccarelli O; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Yiannakas M; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Rovira A; Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain., Sastre-Garriga J; Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain., Palace J; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Matthews L; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Gass A; Department of Neurology, and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany., Eisele P; Department of Neurology, and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany., Lukas C; Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany., Bellenberg B; Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany., Margoni M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.

مؤلفون مشاركون: MAGNIMS Study Group

المصدر: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry [J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry] 2023 Jan; Vol. 94 (1), pp. 10-18. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 28.

نوع المنشور: Multicenter Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985191R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1468-330X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223050 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Multiple Sclerosis*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis*/pathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/pathology , Spinal Cord Diseases*/pathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting*/pathology, Humans ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Gray Matter/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Atrophy/pathology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Recurrence ; Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Disability Evaluation

المؤلفون: Carotenuto A; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy., Cacciaguerra L; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy., Pagani E; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.

المصدر: Brain : a journal of neurology [Brain] 2022 Aug 27; Vol. 145 (8), pp. 2785-2795.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0372537 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1460-2156 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00068950 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Brain Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Brain Injuries* , Glymphatic System* , Multiple Sclerosis* , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive* , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting*, Brain ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

المؤلفون: Margoni M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Department of Neurosciences, Multiple Sclerosis Center of the Veneto Region, University Hospital-School of Medicine, Padua, Italy., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Tortorella P; Roche S.P.A, Monza, Italy., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. rocca.mara@hsr.it.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. rocca.mara@hsr.it.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. rocca.mara@hsr.it.

المصدر: Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics [Neurotherapeutics] 2022 Jul; Vol. 19 (4), pp. 1216-1228. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 06.

نوع المنشور: Review; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101290381 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-7479 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18787479 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurotherapeutics Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Multiple Sclerosis*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis*/drug therapy , Neurodegenerative Diseases*/drug therapy , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/drug therapy , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting*/drug therapy, Humans ; Quality of Life ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Disease Progression ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Biomarkers

المؤلفون: Margoni M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Pagani E; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Meani A; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Storelli L; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Mesaros S; Clinic of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia., Drulovic J; Clinic of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia., Barkhof F; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; MS Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Vrenken H; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; MS Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Strijbis E; MS Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Gallo A; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI-Center, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy., Bisecco A; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI-Center, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy., Pareto D; Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain., Sastre-Garriga J; Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain., Ciccarelli O; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Yiannakas M; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Palace J; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy filippi.massimo@hsr.it.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

مؤلفون مشاركون: MAGNIMS Study Group

المصدر: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry [J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry] 2022 Jul; Vol. 93 (7), pp. 741-752. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Multicenter Study

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985191R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1468-330X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223050 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Brain Injuries* , Multiple Sclerosis*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis*/pathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive*/pathology , White Matter*/diagnostic imaging , White Matter*/pathology, Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

المؤلفون: Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e di Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e di Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Barkhof F; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom., Chard DT; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom., De Stefano N; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy., Fox RJ; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Gasperini C; Department of Neurology, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy., Kappos L; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Montalban X; Department of Neurology, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Division of Neurology, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Moraal B; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Reich DS; Translational Neuroradiology Section, Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland., Rovira À; Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology (IDI), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Toosy AT; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom., Traboulsee A; MS/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Research Group, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Weinshenker BG; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota., Zeydan B; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota., Banwell BL; Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.; Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e di Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

المصدر: JAMA neurology [JAMA Neurol] 2021 Mar 01; Vol. 78 (3), pp. 351-364.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101589536 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2168-6157 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21686149 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Disease Progression*, Brain/*diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*trends , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*diagnostic imaging, Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods

المؤلفون: Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Langdon D; Royal Holloway, University of London, London, United Kingdom., Lassmann H; Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Paul F; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Rovira À; Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Schoonheim MM; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Solari A; Unit of Neuroepidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy., Stankoff B; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Paris, France., Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

المصدر: Annals of neurology [Ann Neurol] 2020 Sep; Vol. 88 (3), pp. 438-452. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Liss Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7707449 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1531-8249 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03645134 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*pathology, Humans

المؤلفون: Rocca MA; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy. rocca.mara@hsr.it., Valsasina P; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Meani A; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Gobbi C; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Zecca C; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Rovira À; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Montalban X; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Kearney H; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Ciccarelli O; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Matthews L; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Palace J; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Gallo A; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Bisecco A; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Gass A; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Eisele P; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Lukas C; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Bellenberg B; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Barkhof F; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Vrenken H; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Preziosa P; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Comi G; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy., Filippi M; From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., P.V., A.M., P.P., M.F.) and Neurology Unit (M.A.R., P.P., G.C., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.G., C.Z.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano (EOC), Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (C.G., C.Z.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Section of Neuroradiology and MRI Unit, Department of Radiology (A.R.), and Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (X.M.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; NMR Research Unit (H.K., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (L.M., J.P.), University of Oxford, UK; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI Center, (A.G., A.B.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Department of Neurology (A.G., P.E.), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.L., B.B.) and Institute of Neuroradiology (C.L., B.B.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (P.P., G.C., M.F.), Milan, Italy.

مؤلفون مشاركون: MAGNIMS Study Group

المصدر: Neurology [Neurology] 2019 Nov 12; Vol. 93 (20), pp. e1852-e1866. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Oct 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/*diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord/*diagnostic imaging, Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Atrophy ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Demyelinating Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Demyelinating Diseases/pathology ; Demyelinating Diseases/physiopathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/physiopathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/physiopathology ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Young Adult

المؤلفون: Preziosa P; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Sangalli F; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Esposito F; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Moiola L; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Martinelli V; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Falini A; Department of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Comi G; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy. filippi.massimo@hsr.it.; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. filippi.massimo@hsr.it.

المصدر: Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology [Neurol Sci] 2017 Feb; Vol. 38 (2), pp. 361-364. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 11.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Italia Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 100959175 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1590-3478 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15901874 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Brain Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging , Glioblastoma/*diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*physiopathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/*physiopathology, Brain Neoplasms/complications ; Brain Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Glioblastoma/complications ; Glioblastoma/epidemiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/epidemiology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/epidemiology

المؤلفون: Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Preziosa P, Rocca MA

المصدر: Current opinion in neurology [Curr Opin Neurol] 2014 Jun; Vol. 27 (3), pp. 290-9.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9319162 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1473-6551 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13507540 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Opin Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging*, Brain/*pathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/*pathology , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/*pathology, Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome