المؤلفون: Qamruddin I; Orthodontic Department, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: drirfan_andani@yahoo.com., Alam MK; Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: dralam@gmail.com.com., Mahroof V; Orthodontic Department, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan., Fida M; Section of Dental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Khamis MF; Forensic Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia., Husein A; Prosthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.

المصدر: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics [Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop] 2017 Nov; Vol. 152 (5), pp. 622-630.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8610224 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-6752 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08895406 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Low-Level Light Therapy* , Tooth Movement Techniques*, Orthodontic Brackets/*adverse effects , Pain/*etiology , Tooth/*physiology , Tooth/*radiation effects, Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Single-Blind Method ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

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المؤلفون: Nadeem, Meral, Tariq, Jawaria, Kamran, Muhammad Abdullah, Mahroof, Verda, Siddique, Raza, batool, Farwa, Qamruddin, Irfan

المصدر: Annals of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College; Jun2016, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p94-99, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TOOTHACHE, ORTHODONTIC appliances