المؤلفون: Tyrsin, Oleg Yu, Tyrsin, Dmitry Yu, Nemenov, Daniil G., Ruzov, Alexey S., Odintsova, Vera E., Koshechkin, Stanislav I., D'Amico, Luciano

المصدر: European Journal of Pediatrics; May2024, Vol. 183 Issue 5, p2311-2324, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LACTOBACILLUS reuteri, GUT microbiome, IRRITABLE colon, INFANTS, INFANTILE colic, CLINICAL trials

مستخلص: Infantile functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as colic, constipation, diarrhea, and gastroesophageal reflux (regurgitation), often occur in early infancy and, representing one of the causes of significant parental anxiety, lead to a significant strain on the healthcare resources. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri drops (L. reuteri NCIMB 30351) on the symptoms of infantile colic, constipation, diarrhea, and gastroesophageal reflux, as well as on the levels of intestinal microbiota in full-term newborns during the first months of life. A randomized, placebo-controlled, single-masked (blinded), post-marketing clinical study was conducted in two clinical units—Children's City Clinical Hospital of Moscow and Medical Center "St. Andrew's Hospitals-NEBOLIT" from March 2020 to May 2022 in 90 infants aged from 1 to 4 months (mean age (± SD) 12.3 ± 5.09 weeks; 53.3% females, 46.7% males). Patients with colic, regurgitation (single symptom or combination of several symptoms), and constipation or diarrhea were randomly allocated in two parallel arms to receive either 5 drops (2 × 10⁸ colony forming unit) of L. reuteri NCIMB 30351 (n = 60) or masked placebo (n = 30) for 25 consecutive days. Two treatment arms had equal numbers of patients with constipation and diarrhea (n = 30 each). Daily crying times and their duration, evacuations, and regurgitations were recorded in a structured diary. The levels of gut microbiota were analyzed by deep sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Infants with colic receiving supplementary L. reuteri NCIMB 30351 for 25 days had significant reduction in the numbers of colic (change from baseline − 6.3 (7.34) vs − 3.0 (7.29) in placebo, P < 0.05) and numbers of crying cases and mean duration of crying (decrease from baseline − 144 (70.7) minutes, lower in the diarrhea subgroup than in constipation infants, compared with − 80 (58.9) in placebo, P < 0.0001), as well as regurgitation numbers (decreased by − 4.8 (2.49) with L. reuteri vs − 3 (7.74) with placebo). We also observed increased numbers of evacuations in infants with constipation (L. reuteri 2.2 (2.4) vs 0.9 (1.06) in placebo, P < 0.05). There was a remarkable reduction of evacuations in infants with diarrhea, while not statistically significant. The analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in the collected samples showed that L. reuteri positively influences the proportions of prevalent species, while it negatively affects both conditionally pathogenic and commensal microbes. Additional in vitro test for formation of Clostridium colonies in the presence of the probiotic demonstrated that L. reuteri effectively inhibits the growth of pathogenic Clostridium species. No adverse events were reported in this study. Conclusion: The uptake of L. reuteri NCIMB 30351 leads to a significant reduction in the number of regurgitations, feeding-induced constipations, and diarrhea as well as mean daily numbers of crying and crying duration in infants during the first months of life. Our results suggest that L. reuteri NCIMB 30351 represents a safe and effective treatment for colic in newborns. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04262648. What is Known: • Infantile functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as colic, constipation, diarrhea, and gastroesophageal reflux (regurgitation), often occur in early infancy and, represent one of the causes of significant parental anxiety. • A number of studies have shown that both the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota play important roles in the development and function of the gastrointestinal tract. What is New: • The uptake of L. reuteri NCIMB 30351 leads to a significant reduction in the number of regurgitations, feeding-induced constipations, and diarrhea as well as mean daily numbers of crying and crying duration in infants during the first months of life. • L. reuteri positively influences the proportions of prevalent species, while it negatively affects both conditionally pathogenic and commensal microbes in gut microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Stasiłowicz-Krzemień, Anna, Szymanowska, Daria, Szulc, Piotr, Cielecka-Piontek, Judyta

المصدر: Antibiotics (2079-6382); Apr2024, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p369, 17p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CANNABIS (Genus), LACTOBACILLUS fermentum, LACTOBACILLUS brevis, LACTOBACILLUS casei, LACTOBACILLUS reuteri

مستخلص: The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and the synergy of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the Henola Cannabis sativae extract and its combinations with selected carriers (polyvinyl caprolactam–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) in terms of antimicrobial, probiotic, and immunobiological effects. As a result of the conducted research, the antimicrobial activity of the extract was confirmed in relation to the following microorganisms: Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyrogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aereuginosa, and Candida albicans (microorganism count was reduced from ~10² CFU mL⁻¹ to <10 CFU mL⁻¹ in most cases). Additionally, for the system with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a significant probiotic potential against bacterial strains was established for strains Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Streptococcus thermophilus (microorganism count was increased from ~10² to 10⁴–10⁷). In terms of immunomodulatory properties, it was determined that the tested extract and the systems caused changes in IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Mosquera-Vivas, Esmeralda, Ayala-Aponte, Alfredo, Serna-Cock, Liliana, Torres-León, Cristian, Tirado, Diego F.

المصدر: Foods; Mar2024, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p823, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LACTOBACILLUS reuteri, WHEY protein concentrates, STRAWBERRIES, SNACK foods, GELATION, FUNCTIONAL foods, PROBIOTICS

مستخلص: The selection of appropriate probiotic strains is vital for their successful inclusion in foods. These strains must withstand processing to reach consumers with ≥10⁶ CFU/g, ensuring effective probiotic function. Achieving this in commercial products is challenging due to sensitivity to temperature during processing. In this work, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 was microencapsulated by ionic gelation (with alginate or pectin) followed by polymeric coating (with whey protein concentrate or chitosan). Then, such microcapsules were incorporated into a strawberry puree, which was subsequently dehydrated at three temperatures (40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C) by Refractance Window^®. The ultimate aim was to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods from a technological point of view. Kinetic curves of the probiotic's viability showed a high cell loading (>10⁹ CFU/g). Additionally, an average encapsulation efficiency of 91% and a particle size of roughly 200 µm were found. A decrease in the viability of the microorganism was observed as drying temperature and time increased. As a demonstration of the above, in a particular case, drying at 45 °C and 50 °C, viable cells were found up to 165 min and 90 min, respectively; meanwhile, drying at 40 °C, viable cells were reported even after 240 min. The greatest viability preservation was achieved with Refractance Window^® drying at 40 °C for 240 min when microcapsules coated with whey protein concentrate were incorporated into puree; this procedure showed great potential to produce dehydrated strawberry snacks with moisture (15%), water activity (aw < 0.6), and viability (≥10⁶ CFU/g) suitable for functional foods. The membrane-stabilizing properties of whey protein concentrate could prevent cell damage. In contrast, probiotics in chitosan-coated capsules showed reduced viability, potentially due to antimicrobial properties and the formation of cracks. These findings signify a breakthrough in the production of dehydrated snacks with the addition of probiotics, addressing challenges in preserving the viability of these probiotics during processing; thus, opening the possibility for the development of a probiotic strawberry snack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Belà, Benedetta, Di Simone, Daniele, Pignataro, Giulia, Fusaro, Isa, Gramenzi, Alessandro

المصدر: Veterinary Sciences; Feb2024, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p61, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: GUT microbiome, COLIFORMS, LACTOBACILLUS, BODY weight, CATS, LACTOBACILLUS reuteri, PATHOGENIC microorganisms

مستخلص: Simple Summary: The intestinal microbiota, i.e., the set of microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, are fundamental for animal health. To ensure the correct functioning of the organism, it is essential that the pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms that make up the intestinal microbiota are in balance with each other; in fact, an alteration in the microbiota composition, called dysbiosis, is associated with several pathologies. Specific bacterial strains with probiotic action are used to preserve and maintain the intestinal microbiota in a balanced condition (eubiosis), preventing the dysbiosis onset. To date, no study has analyzed the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri on the health of cats. The authors of the present study have observed how the administration of L. reuteri DSM 32264 in Persian cats manages to promote intestinal well-being by decreasing pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and increasing Lactobacilli. Furthermore, the administration of L. reuteri did not cause changes in the body weight of cats, promoting the formation of compact and well-formed stools indicative of a balanced intestinal ecosystem. The results of this study show how L. reuteri DSM 32264 can be a valid aid in maintaining correct intestinal balance and well-being in cats. In the literature, there are several studies showing the effects of different probiotic administrations in dogs, while there is limited information about their effects in cats. Furthermore, there are no studies that examined the effects of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri on cats' welfare, especially considering a specific breed. In this study, the effects of L. reuteri NBF 2 DSM 32264 on body weight, body condition score (BCS), and fecal parameters (fecal score and fecal moisture) of healthy Persian cats were assessed; additionally, a microbiological analysis was carried out to quantify bacterial species like Escherichia coli (for the total coliform count) and Lactobacilli. The administration of L. reuteri NBF 2 DSM 32264 showed no alteration in the body weight and body condition score of Persian cats. The fecal moisture decreased at the end of the study and the values of fecal score were improved. Moreover, at the end of the study period, an increase in Lactobacilli (p > 0.001) was observed. The data collected report the ability of L. reuteri NBF 2 DSM 32264 to improve fecal quality parameters in healthy adult Persian cats, leading to an increase in Lactobacilli and a reduction in total coliforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Varian, Bernard J, Weber, Katherine T, Kim, Lily J, Chavarria, Tony E, Carrasco, Sebastian E, Muthupalani, Sureshkumar, Poutahidis, Theofilos, Zafarullah, Marwa, Al Olaby, Reem R, Barboza, Mariana, Solakyildirim, Kemal, Lebrilla, Carlito, Tassone, Flora, Wu, Fuqing, Alm, Eric J, Erdman, Susan E

المصدر: Genes. 13(8)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Animals, Humans, Mice, Fragile X Syndrome, Cytokines, Pregnancy, Female, Microbiota, Dysbiosis, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, FMRP, FXS, Lactobacillus reuteri, microbiome, probiotic, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Genetics, Complementary and Integrative Health, Biotechnology, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Rare Diseases, Brain Disorders, Pediatric, Nutrition, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being

الوصف: Maternal microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in adverse postnatal health conditions in offspring, such as obesity, cancer, and neurological disorders. We observed that the progeny of mice fed a Westernized diet (WD) with low fiber and extra fat exhibited higher frequencies of stereotypy, hyperactivity, cranial features and lower FMRP protein expression, similar to what is typically observed in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) in humans. We hypothesized that gut dysbiosis and inflammation during pregnancy influenced the prenatal uterine environment, leading to abnormal phenotypes in offspring. We found that oral in utero supplementation with a beneficial anti-inflammatory probiotic microbe, Lactobacillus reuteri, was sufficient to inhibit FXS-like phenotypes in offspring mice. Cytokine profiles in the pregnant WD females showed that their circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (Il)-17 were increased relative to matched gravid mice and to those given supplementary L. reuteri probiotic. To test our hypothesis of prenatal contributions to this neurodevelopmental phenotype, we performed Caesarian (C-section) births using dissimilar foster mothers to eliminate effects of maternal microbiota transferred during vaginal delivery or nursing after birth. We found that foster-reared offspring still displayed a high frequency of these FXS-like features, indicating significant in utero contributions. In contrast, matched foster-reared progeny of L. reuteri-treated mothers did not exhibit the FXS-like typical features, supporting a key role for microbiota during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that diet-induced dysbiosis in the prenatal uterine environment is strongly associated with the incidence of this neurological phenotype in progeny but can be alleviated by addressing gut dysbiosis through probiotic supplementation.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tb7m20f

المؤلفون: Chargo, Nicholas J, Schepper, Jonathan D, Rios‐Arce, Naoimy, Kang, Ho Jun, Gardinier, Joseph D, Parameswaran, Narayanan, McCabe, Laura R

المصدر: JBMR Plus; Dec2023, Vol. 7 Issue 12, p1-10, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LACTOBACILLUS reuteri, BONE health, CANCELLOUS bone, OSTEOPOROSIS, MICE, PROBIOTICS, ENDOTOXINS

مستخلص: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used anti‐inflammatory medications with significant side effects, including glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIO). We have previously demonstrated that chronic subcutaneous GC treatment in mice leads to gut barrier dysfunction and trabecular bone loss. We further showed that treating with probiotics or barrier enhancers improves gut barrier function and prevents GIO. The overall goal of this study was to test if probiotics could prevent GC‐induced gut barrier dysfunction and bone loss in a clinically relevant oral‐GC model of GIO. Eight‐week‐old male CD‐1 mice were treated with vehicle or corticosterone in the drinking water for 4 weeks and administered probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 6475 (LR 6475) or VSL#3 thrice weekly via oral gavage. As expected, GC treatment led to significant gut barrier dysfunction (assessed by measuring serum endotoxin levels) and bone loss after 4 weeks. Serum endotoxin levels significantly and negatively correlated with bone volume. Importantly, LR 6475 treatment effectively prevented both GC‐induced increase in serum endotoxin and trabecular bone loss. VSL#3 had intermediate results, not differing from either control or GC‐treated animals. GC‐induced reductions in femur length, cortical thickness, and cortical area were not affected by probiotic treatment. Taken together, these results are the first to demonstrate that LR 6475 effectively prevents the detrimental effects of GC treatment on gut barrier, which correlates with enhanced trabecular bone health in an oral mouse model of GIO. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Ovcharova, Anastasiya^Aff11, Ostrenko, Konstantin^{Aff11, Aff12}

المساهمون: Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor^Aff1, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor^Aff2, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor^Aff3, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor^Aff4, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor^Aff5, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor^Aff6, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor^Aff7, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor^Aff8, Muratov, Aleksei, editor^Aff9, Ignateva, Svetlana, editor^Aff10

المصدر: Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021) : Agricultural Innovation Systems, Volume 2. 354:737-743

المؤلفون: Valdir Gouveia Garcia, Daniela Maria Janjácomo Miessi, Tiago Esgalha da Rocha, Natália Amanda Gomes, Marta Aparecida Alberton Nuernberg, Jânderson de Medeiros Cardoso, Edilson Ervolino, Letícia Helena Theodoro

المصدر: Saudi Dental Journal, Vol 34, Iss 6, Pp 516-526 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Dentistry, Periodontology, Lactobacillus reuteri, Periodontal disease, Probiotic, Medicine, RK1-715

الوصف: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic (PRO) Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM17938) as an adjuvant to the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP). Material and methods: Fifty-four male adult Wistar rats were included. EP was induced and maintained for 7 days. Subsequently, the ligature was removed and the animals were allocated into three different experimental groups (n = 18/group): EP – no local treatment, the animals received four systemic saline solution (SS) administrations; SRP+SS, the animals underwent SRP treatment, followed by SS administration; and SRP+PRO, the animals received SRP treatment, followed by the systemic administration of PROs (Lactobacillus reuteri ; 0.16 ml/day). Six animals from each group were euthanised at 7, 15 and 30 days. Histological and histometric analyses of alveolar bone loss (BL) and immunohistochemical analyses for TRAP, RANKL, OPG, OCN, and PCNA were performed. Shapiro–Wilk, ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey, Kruskal–Wallis, Student–Newman Keuls were performed. Results: The SRP+PRO group presented a reduction in inflammation. At 15 days, a lower BL was observed in the SRP+SS and SRP+PRO groups. Greater immunolabeling was noticed for PCNA at 15 days in the SRP+PRO group than in the SRP+SS group. The SRP+PRO group demonstrated a higher OCN immunolabeling pattern than the EP group at 15 and 30 days. Conclusion: The use of Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjuvant to SRP for the treatment of EP showed promising results in the control of local inflammatory responses, and enhanced the periodontal tissue repair process according to the employed concentration.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905222000608; https://doaj.org/toc/1013-9052

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/0780828b3f5748c0a25b6ca1007991df

المؤلفون: Widyarman, Armelia Sari, Udawatte, Nadeeka S., Roeslan, Moehamad Orliando, Rizal, Muhammad Ihsan, Richi, Mario, Kusnoto, Joko, Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath

المصدر: Journal of Oral Microbiology; Dec2022, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-11, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LACTOBACILLUS reuteri, PROBIOTICS, GUT microbiome, CORRECTIVE orthodontics, ORTHODONTIC appliances, CUTIBACTERIUM acnes, ORAL hygiene, LACTOBACILLUS

مستخلص: This prospective clinical study aim was to analyze the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Prodentis lozenges on salivary microbiome of subjects wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Saliva samples were collected prior to consumption and 14th-day post probiotic lozenges consumption (n=40, age 18–23). Oral hygiene index-score (OHI-S) and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were recorded. The salivary microbiome was profiled by next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region of 16S-rRNA. Microbial composition, diversity and taxonomic biomarkers were analysed in comparison to probiotic intervention and the clinical characteristics of the cohort using standard bioinformatics tools. The diversity and bacterial community structures did not change significantly in salivary microbiome of periodontally healthy subjects during short-term probiotic intervention. Probiotic consumption correlated with reduction of OHI and PBI scores (50% reduction of scores, P<0.001). The reduction of clinical indices was evident in conjunction with significantly reduced abundance of oral pathogens, such as Porphyromonas pasteri, Treponema sp., Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Kingella oralis and Propionibacterium acnes. Short-term probiotic intervention helped maintaining good oral health in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy. Although overall oral microbiome structure remained largely unchanged, a significant alteration in the abundance of health and disease-associated species highlighted the beneficial effect of probiotic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Oral Microbiology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Armelia Sari Widyarman, Nadeeka S. Udawatte, Moehamad Orliando Roeslan, Muhammad Ihsan Rizal, Mario Richi, Joko Kusnoto, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne

المصدر: Journal of Oral Microbiology, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Probiotic, Lactobacillus reuteri, oral microbiome, fixed orthodontic appliance, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Objective This prospective clinical study aim was to analyze the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Prodentis lozenges on salivary microbiome of subjects wearing fixed orthodontic appliances.Methods Saliva samples were collected prior to consumption and 14th-day post probiotic lozenges consumption (n=40, age 18–23). Oral hygiene index-score (OHI-S) and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were recorded. The salivary microbiome was profiled by next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region of 16S-rRNA. Microbial composition, diversity and taxonomic biomarkers were analysed in comparison to probiotic intervention and the clinical characteristics of the cohort using standard bioinformatics tools.Results The diversity and bacterial community structures did not change significantly in salivary microbiome of periodontally healthy subjects during short-term probiotic intervention. Probiotic consumption correlated with reduction of OHI and PBI scores (50% reduction of scores, P

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2000-2297

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/a87e3cbcbeb94015945e0f1c6965e458