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المؤلفون: Kun Qin, Sian Cotton, Luis Rodrigo Patino Duran, Xueling Suo, Thomas J. Blom, Du Lei, John A. Sweeney, Wenbin Li, Qiyong Gong, Maxwell J Tallman, Jing Yang, Kaitlyn M. Bruns, Melissa P. DelBello
المصدر: Early intervention in psychiatryREFERENCES. 16(9)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Mindfulness, Bipolar Disorder, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Grey matter, Limbic system, Neuroimaging, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Bipolar disorder, Child, Biological Psychiatry, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, business.industry, Brain, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mood, Cognitive therapy, Pshychiatric Mental Health, business, Clinical psychology
الوصف: Background Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children (MBCT-C), as a psychotherapeutic intervention, has been shown to be effective for treating mood dysregulation (MD). While previous neuroimaging studies of MD have reported both pre-treatment structural and functional alterations, the effects of MBCT-C on brain morphological network organisation has not been investigated. Methods We investigated brain morphological network organisation in 10 mood-dysregulated youth with familial risk for bipolar disorder and 15 matched healthy comparison youth (HC). Effects of 12 weeks of MBCT-C were examined in the mood-dysregulated youth. Topological properties of brain networks used for analyses were constructed based on morphological similarities in regional grey matter using a graph-theory approach using MRI data. Results At baseline, compared with the HC group, the mood-dysregulated group exhibited increased global efficiency (Eglob ), decreased path length (Lp ), and abnormal nodal properties, mainly in the limbic system. Right temporal pole alterations at baseline predicted change in Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure scores after treatment. The mood-dysregulated group showed significant decreases in both the Eglob and Lp metrics after MBCT-C, suggesting an improved capacity for optimal information processing. Changes in Lp were correlated with changes in Emotion Regulation Checklist scores. Our results show significant topological alterations in the mood-dysregulated group as compared to controls at baseline. After MBCT-C, disrupted topological properties in the mood-dysregulated group were significantly reduced. Conclusion MBCT-C may facilitate clinically meaningful changes in the brain structural network in mood-dysregulated individuals.
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المؤلفون: Michelle Durling, Sian Cotton, Rachel S. Wasson, Jeffrey R. Strawn, Melissa P. DelBello, Richard W. Sears, Jeffrey A. Welge, Thomas J. Blom, Kristen M. Kraemer, Nina R. McCune
المصدر: Early Interv Psychiatry
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Bipolar Disorder, Mindfulness, Adolescent, Waiting Lists, medicine.medical_treatment, Prodromal Symptoms, Pilot Projects, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Child of Impaired Parents, Psychoeducation, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Bipolar disorder, Biological Psychiatry, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, business.industry, Pilot trial, medicine.disease, Anxiety Disorders, Treatment period, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Cognitive therapy, Anxiety, Female, Pshychiatric Mental Health, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
الوصف: AIM. Previous studies suggest that Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Children (MBCT-C) is feasible and may improve anxiety and emotion regulation in youth with anxiety disorders at-risk for bipolar disorder. However, controlled studies are warranted to replicate and extend these findings. METHODS. In the current study, 24 youth with anxiety disorders who have at least one parent with bipolar disorder participated in a MBCT-C treatment period (n = 24; M(age) = 13.6, 75% girls, 79% White) with a subset also participating in a prior psychoeducation waitlist control period (n = 19 M(age) = 13.8, 68% girls, 84% White). Participants in both the waitlist and MBCT-C periods completed independently-rated symptom scales at each time point. Participants in the waitlist period received educational materials 12 weeks prior to the beginning of MBCT-C. RESULTS. There were significantly greater improvements in overall clinical severity in the MBCT-C period compared to the waitlist period, but not in clinician- and child-rated anxiety, emotion regulation or mindfulness. However, increases in mindfulness were associated with improvements in anxiety and emotion regulation in the MBCT-C period, but not the waitlist period. CONCLUSIONS. Findings suggest that MBCT-C may be effective for improving overall clinical severity in youth with anxiety disorders who are at-risk for bipolar disorder. However, waitlist controlled designs may inflate effect sizes so interpret with caution. Larger studies utilizing prospective randomized controlled designs are warranted.
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المؤلفون: Christina M. Luberto, Lauren Stahl, Jeffrey R. Strawn, Wade Weber, Sian Cotton, Richard W. Sears, James C. Eliassen, Melissa P. DelBello, L. Rodrigo Patino
المصدر: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 26:372-379
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Mindfulness, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Neuropsychological Tests, Audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Longitudinal Studies, Bipolar disorder, Child, Psychiatry, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Separation anxiety disorder, Brain, Original Articles, medicine.disease, Anxiety Disorders, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cognitive therapy, Anxiety, Female, medicine.symptom, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Insula, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: We sought to evaluate the neurophysiology of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children (MBCT-C) in youth with generalized, social, and/or separation anxiety disorder who were at risk for developing bipolar disorder.Nine youth (mean age: 13 ± 2 years) with a generalized, social, and/or separation anxiety disorder and a parent with bipolar disorder completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a continuous processing task with emotional and neutral distractors (CPT-END) prior to and following 12 weeks of MBCT-C.MBCT-C was associated with increases in activation of the bilateral insula, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus, as well as the left anterior cingulate while viewing emotional stimuli during the CPT-END, and decreases in anxiety were correlated with change in activation in the bilateral insula and anterior cingulate during the viewing of emotional stimuli (p 0.05, uncorrected; p 0.005 corrected; cluster size, 37 voxels).MBCT-C treatment in anxious youth with a familial history of bipolar disorder is associated with increased activation of brain structures that subserve interoception and the processing of internal stimuli-functions that are ostensibly improved by this treatment.
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المؤلفون: Sian Cotton, Christina M. Luberto, Thomas J. Blom, Rachel S. Wasson, Melissa P. DelBello, Richard W. Sears, Lauren Stahl, Jeffrey R. Strawn
المصدر: Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 10:426-434
مصطلحات موضوعية: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Mindfulness, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Cognitive therapy, Anxiety, Bipolar disorder, Pshychiatric Mental Health, medicine.symptom, education, Psychiatry, Psychology, Mania, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biological Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
الوصف: Aim Children and adolescents with bipolar parents have an elevated risk for anxiety disorders. However, antidepressant medications commonly used to treat symptoms of anxiety may accelerate the onset of mania in these already at-risk youth. Therefore, studies evaluating innovative non-pharmacologic treatments for anxiety in this population are urgently needed. Methods Subjects participated in 12 weekly sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children (MBCT-C), a manualized group psychotherapeutic intervention utilizing cognitive behavioural principles and mindfulness exercises to increase regulation of attention and non-judgmental acceptance of present moment thoughts, emotions and experiences. Independent raters administered symptoms rating scales prior to each treatment session. Spearman correlations and paired-samples signed rank tests were used to examine outcomes. After-intervention surveys and session transcripts were reviewed to assess feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Results Participants included 10 youth (meanage = 13.2; 80% girls; 40% biracial) with generalized, social and/or separation anxiety disorders, and a parent with bipolar disorder. Clinician-rated anxiety was significantly reduced after intervention (meanbefore = 11.1; meanafter = 4.3; P
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المؤلفون: Daniel H. Grossoehme, C. Jeffrey Jacobson, Michael Seid, Rhonda VanDyke, Judith R. Ragsdale, Sian Cotton
المصدر: Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 14:423-432
مصطلحات موضوعية: Coping (psychology), Hospital setting, media_common.quotation_subject, Stressor, Cognition, Prayer, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Chapel, Psychology, Social psychology, computer, computer.programming_language, media_common
الوصف: Hospitalised children represent a threatened future to parents. Such stressors call forth people's coping styles. Some individuals cope religiously or spiritually, and religious coping through prayer may be utilised. A sample of prayers written in a paediatric hospital chapel was coded by styles of religious coping evident within them. Styles associated with coping to gain control of their situation and with coping by seeking comfort from God were present. Seeking to cope for gaining control of a situation was more common than seeking comfort from God during the event. Written prayers did not contain evidence of coping by making meaning. Regression analysis showed that the probability of writing a prayer to gain control decreased over time and a trend towards increasing probability of writing a prayer expressing coping by seeking God's comfort. Clinical implications are discussed. Future research should include a larger sample and cognitive interviews with prayer writers.
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المؤلفون: Joel Tsevat, Ian Kudel, William C. Holmes, Sian Cotton, Magda Szaflarski
المصدر: Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 41:92-103
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Coping (psychology), HIV Infections, Models, Psychological, Structural equation modeling, Religiosity, Young Adult, Social support, Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Spirituality, Young adult, General Psychology, Aged, Causal model, Depression, Social Support, Middle Aged, Mental health, Religion, Psychiatry and Mental health, Health psychology, Mental Health, Female, Self Report, Psychology, Clinical psychology
الوصف: A causal model developed by Koenig suggests that higher levels of spirituality and religiosity effect intermediary variables and eventually result in better mental health, which then positively affects physical function. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the model and expanded versions that use self-report data of patients with HIV (n = 345). All models demonstrated good overall fit with significant parameters. The final model found that increased spirituality/religiosity predicted increased religious coping, which influenced social support. Social support, in turn, positively influenced depressed mood (as a measure of mental health); depressed mood affected fatigue; and both variables predicted self-reported physical function. These three variables predicted health rating/utility for one’s health state. Additional analyses found that two covariates, religiosity and race, differentially predicted spirituality/religiosity and religious coping. In patients with HIV, an expanded version of Koenig’s model found that increased spirituality/religiosity is positively associated with self-reported outcomes.
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المؤلفون: John M. Salsman, Cassie R. Campbell, Amy H. Peterman, Eboni C. Winford, Joel Tsevat, Sian Cotton, Richard P. McQuellon, Charlie L. Reeve
المصدر: Psychological assessment. 26(1)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Psychometrics, Sense of Coherence, Test validity, Article, Developmental psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Spirituality, Meaning (existential), Aged, Discriminant validity, Construct validity, Middle Aged, Mental health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Scale (social sciences), Well-being, Chronic Disease, Female, Psychology, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Social psychology
الوصف: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp; Peterman, Fitchett, Brady, Hernandez, & Cella, 2002) has become a widely used measure of spirituality; however, there remain questions about its specific factor structure and the validity of scores from its separate scales. Specifically, it remains unclear whether the Meaning and Peace scales denote distinct factors. The present study addresses previous limitations by examining the extent to which the Meaning and Peace scales relate differentially to a variety of physical and mental health variables across 4 sets of data from adults with a number of chronic health conditions. Although a model with separate but correlated factors fit the data better, discriminant validity analyses indicated limited differences in the pattern of associations each scale showed with a wide array of commonly used health and quality-of-life measures. In total, the results suggest that people may distinguish between the concepts of Meaning and Peace, but the observed relations with health outcomes are primarily due to variance shared between the 2 factors. Additional research is needed to better understand the separate and joint role of Meaning and Peace in the quality of life of people with chronic illness.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8fa5c3d2481b9fada9cd17a33ed73582
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24188147 -
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المؤلفون: Paul A. Succop, Harini Pallerla, Ian Kudel, Michael S. Yi, Yvonne Humenay Roberts, Sian Cotton, Joel Tsevat
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Ethnic group, Article, Young Adult, Quality of life (healthcare), Spirituality, Medicine, Humans, Young adult, Psychiatry, Child, Depression (differential diagnoses), Ohio, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Mental health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental Health, Case-Control Studies, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Well-being, Female, business
الوصف: The purpose of this study was threefold: 1) to describe spiritual well-being (existential and religious well-being) in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) versus healthy peers; 2) to examine associations of spiritual well-being with mental health outcomes (emotional functioning and depressive symptoms); and 3) to assess the differential impact of existential versus religious well-being on mental health.A total of 155 adolescents aged 11-19 years from a children's hospital and a university hospital filled out questionnaires including the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Children's Depression Inventory-Short Form, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Covariates in multivariable models included demographics, disease status, and interactions.Participants' mean (SD) age was 15.1 (2.0) years; 80 (52%) were male; and 121 (78%) were of white ethnicity. Levels of existential and religious well-being were similar between adolescents with IBD and healthy peers. In multivariable analyses, existential well-being was associated with mental health (partial R(2) change = .08-.11, p.01) above and beyond other characteristics (total R(2) = .23, p.01). Presence of disease moderated both the relationship between existential well-being and emotional functioning and that between religious well-being and depressive symptoms: that is, the relationships were stronger in adolescents with IBD as compared with healthy peers. Religious well-being was only marginally significantly associated with mental health after controlling for other factors.Although both healthy adolescents and those with IBD had high levels of spiritual well-being, having IBD moderated the relationship between spiritual well-being and mental health. Meaning/purpose was related to mental health more than was connectedness to the sacred.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::99bafaa1dac8249e1193f8e5b6895f59
https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2704380/ -
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المؤلفون: Dennis Drotar, Susan L. Rosenthal, Joel Tsevat, Sian Cotton, Kathy Zebracki
المصدر: The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. 38(4)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coping (psychology), Adolescent, Psychometrics, Health Status, Health Behavior, Poison control, Occupational safety and health, Spirituality, Health care, Adaptation, Psychological, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Mental health, Religion, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental Health, Adolescent Behavior, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Outcomes research, business, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Adolescent health
الوصف: Religion/spirituality is important to adolescents, is usually considered a protective factor against a host of negative health outcomes, and is often included in adolescent health outcomes research. Previous reviews of the relationship among spirituality, religion, and adolescent health have been limited by scope, focusing primarily on distal aspects of religion/spirituality (e.g., attendance at religious services). We reviewed the literature examining proximal domains of religion/spirituality (e.g., spiritual coping) in adolescent health outcomes research. Constructs such as spiritual coping and religious decision-making were the ones most often studied and were generally positively associated with health outcomes. Measurement of proximal domains, associations of proximal domains with health outcomes, methodological issues and recommendations for future research were covered in this review.
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المؤلفون: Paul A. Succop, Frank M. Biro, Susan L. Rosenthal, Lisa Mills, Sian Cotton
المصدر: The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. 34(5)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Parental monitoring, Longitudinal study, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Sexual Behavior, Psychology, Adolescent, Gee, Developmental psychology, Midwestern United States, Perception, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, Generalized estimating equation, media_common, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Age Factors, Black or African American, Psychiatry and Mental health, Logistic Models, Attitude, Psychosexual development, Adolescent Behavior, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Sexual initiation, Female, Psychology
الوصف: Purpose To examine variables associated with adolescent girls' perceptions of the timing of their first consensual intercourse. Methods One hundred seventy-four primarily African-American adolescent girls, aged 12 to 15 years participated in a 3-year longitudinal study of psychosexual development. Seventy-three percent reported being sexually experienced by the end of the study. They were asked whether they believed their age of initiation was “too young,” “too old,” or “just right.” A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to evaluate predictors of perception of timing of first consensual intercourse. Results Ninety-nine (78%) said that they were “too young” and 28 (22%) said that their age had been “just right.” The results of the final GEE model indicated that variables associated with perceiving age of first consensual intercourse as “just right” included younger chronological age, an older age of first consensual intercourse, endorsement of being “in love” as a reason for first consensual intercourse, greater indirect parental monitoring (vs. “none” or “direct parental monitoring”), and a higher level of education for mothers. Conclusions Most of these adolescents thought their age of initiation was too young. Factors associated with perceiving the timing of consensual intercourse as “just right” are similar to those reported in the literature to be associated with delaying the initiation of consensual intercourse.
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