المؤلفون: Smith AF; Florida Orthopaedic Institute, Shoulder & Elbow Department, Tampa, FL, USA; OrthoArizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Schmidt CM 2nd; Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA., Tabbaa A; Foundation for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Tampa, FL, USA., Gutiérrez S; Foundation for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Tampa, FL, USA., Simon P; Foundation for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Tampa, FL, USA., Mighell MA; Florida Orthopaedic Institute, Shoulder & Elbow Department, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA., Frankle MA; Florida Orthopaedic Institute, Shoulder & Elbow Department, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA. Electronic address: mfrankle@floridaortho.com.

المصدر: Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery [J Shoulder Elbow Surg] 2024 Jun; Vol. 33 (6S), pp. S111-S121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Mosby Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9206499 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-6500 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10582746 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Shoulder Elbow Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Shoulder Joint*/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis*/diagnostic imaging , Radiography*/methods , Humeral Head*/diagnostic imaging, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Glenoid Cavity/diagnostic imaging ; Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy/diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Adult

مستخلص: Background: Shoulder radiographs are used for evaluation and the planning of treatment of various pathologies. Making a diagnosis of these pathologies on plain radiographs occurs by recognizing the relationship of the humeral head on the registry of the glenoid. Quantification of these changes in registry does not currently exist. We hypothesize that a geometric relationship of the humeral head and the glenoid exists that is defined on an anteroposterior Grashey view radiograph by the relationship of the best-fit circle of the humeral head relative to the best-fit circle of the glenoid such that relative measurements will define the normal shoulder and the pathologic shoulder.
Methods: One hundred fifty-six shoulders were included: 53 normal shoulders, 51 with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA), and 52 with cuff tear arthropathy (CTA). Humeral head best-fit circle was used to define the circle of the humeral head (cHH). A glenoid best-fit circle (cG) was defined by the following rules: (1) best fit of the glenoid articular surface and (2) was limited by the acromion such that either (a) it reaches maximal interaction with the inferior surface of the acromion or (b) the perimeter of the circle is at the lateralmost point of the acromion. The relationship between cHH and cG is defined by measurement of cHH in horizontal and vertical planes relative to the glenoid circle reference. The horizontal displacement angle (HDA) measures the horizontal position of cHH relative to cG, representing the degree of medialization toward the glenoid. The vertical displacement angle (VDA) measures the vertical position of cHH relative to cG, representing the degree of superiorization toward the acromion. Angles were compared by diagnosis and sex.
Results: The mean HDA was 61.0° (95% confidence interval [CI] 60.3°-61.7°) in normal shoulders, 79.9° (95% CI 76.9°-82.9°) in GHOA, and 63.4° (95% CI 61.7°-65.1°) in CTA (P < .001). The mean VDA was 43.1° (95% CI 42.2°-44.0°) in normal shoulders, 40.9° (95% CI 39.9°-42.0°) in GHOA, and 59.7° (95% CI 57.6°-61.7°) in CTA (P < .001). Interobserver reliability was 0.991 (95% CI 0.94-1.0) and intraobserver reliability was 0.998 (95% CI 0.99-1.0). The geometric relationship of cHH to the glenoid circle reference was plotted for each group.
Conclusion: A geometric relationship exists of the humeral head in reference to the glenoid circle. Together, the HDA and the VDA distinguish between a normal shoulder and those with GHOA or CTA. This suggests that this novel methodology may provide a preoperative planning tool that is easily accessible.
(Copyright © 2023 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Di Buono G; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy. giuseppe.dibuono@unipa.it., Buscemi S; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Galia M; Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy., Maienza E; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Amato G; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Bonventre G; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Vella R; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Saverino M; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Grassedonio E; Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy., Romano G; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy., Agrusa A; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè, 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

المصدر: European journal of medical research [Eur J Med Res] 2023 Feb 20; Vol. 28 (1), pp. 85. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 20.

نوع المنشور: Systematic Review; Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9517857 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2047-783X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09492321 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Med Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiography*, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Acute Disease ; Diagnosis, Differential

مستخلص: Introduction: Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent intra-abdominal diseases requiring emergency surgical consult and treatment. The diagnosis of this condition is based on clinical features and radiologic findings. One-third of patients with acute appendicitis present unusual symptoms. There are several circumstances that may cause misdiagnosis and unclear prognostic prediction. Among these, situs viscerum inversus totalis and midgut malrotation can be challenging scenarios, leading to a delay in treatment, especially when these conditions are unknown. We decided to carry on a systematic review of published cases of acute appendicitis in the context of anatomical anomalies.
Methods: We used the MESH terms "appendicitis" AND "situs inversus" AND/OR "gut malrotation" to search for titles and abstracts. Inclusion criteria were patients with clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of acute appendicitis, with conservative or surgical management and with preoperative/intraoperative findings of situs viscerum inversus or gut malrotation. Additionally, previous reviews were examined. Exclusion criteria of the studies were insufficient patient clinical and demographic data.
Results: We included in this review 70 articles concerning 73 cases of acute appendicitis with anatomical anomaly. Patients were aged from 8 to 86 years (median: 27.0 years). 50 were male and 23 were female. 46 patients (63%) had situs viscerum inversus, 24 (33%) had midgut malrotation, 2 (2.7%) had Kartagener's syndrome, one of them (1.4%) had an undetermined anomaly In 61 patients the anatomical anomaly was unknown previously (83.6%), while 16,4% already were aware of their condition.
Conclusion: Acute appendicitis can occur in association of rare anatomical anomalies and in these cases diagnosis can be challenging. Situs viscerum inversus and midgut malrotation should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with left lower quadrant pain, especially in younger population. Besides clinical features, it is fundamental to implement the diagnostic progress with radiological examination. Laparoscopic approach is useful to identify and treat acute surgical emergency and it is also a diagnostic tool and can be tailored in order to offer the best exposition of the operatory field for each single case.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

SCR Disease Name: Volvulus Of Midgut

المؤلفون: Gupta V; Departments of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Sharma A; Departments of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Khanna N; Departments of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Mahajan S; Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Mridha AR; Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

المصدر: Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology [Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol] 2022 Mar-Apr; Vol. 88 (2), pp. 207-209.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7701852 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0973-3922 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03786323 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*diagnosis , Fingers/*pathology , Radiography/*methods , Skin/*pathology , Skin Neoplasms/*diagnosis , Skin Ulcer/*diagnosis, Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Wound Healing

المؤلفون: Safavi AR; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Brook CD; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Sakai O; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Setty BN; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Zumwalt A; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Gonzalez M; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Platt MP; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

المصدر: Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery [Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg] 2022 Jan; Vol. 166 (1), pp. 80-85. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8508176 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-6817 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01945998 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Esophagus* , Radiography*, Foreign Bodies/*diagnostic imaging, Adult ; Cadaver ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electric Power Supplies ; Humans ; Numismatics ; Sensitivity and Specificity

مستخلص: Objective: Coin-shaped button battery foreign bodies have a similar initial presentation to coin ingestion, but delayed retrieval of a battery from the esophagus can have devastating consequences. Variations in timing of retrieval for children with ingestion of coin foreign bodies have been reported. The study assesses the sensitivity and specificity of conventional and digital radiographs to differentiate button batteries from coin foreign bodies.
Study Design: 3B case control study.
Study Setting: Tertiary academic medical center.
Methods: A radiographic study of the 12 most common commercially available button batteries and 66 coins of varying international origins was performed. Foreign bodies were placed at the cervical esophagus of a cadaver, and anteroposterior (AP) and lateral conventional radiographs of the neck were obtained. Digital AP and lateral radiographs of standalone coins and batteries were also obtained. Images were blindly read by 2 otolaryngologists and 2 radiologists. Statistical analysis was performed to determine accuracy in identifying coins vs batteries.
Results: Using conventional radiographs to identify button batteries yielded a sensitivity of 0.88 and a specificity of 0.92 (positive predictive value [PPV] = 0.75, negative predictive value [NPV] = 0.97). Digital radiography yielded an overall sensitivity of 0.98 and specificity of 0.97 (PPV = 0.87, NPV = 0.99). Features of button batteries were only seen on AP conventional radiographs using reverse contrast.
Conclusions: Neither conventional nor digital radiographic imaging had perfect accuracy in identifying coins vs batteries. Features of common disc batteries were identified, which may aid in diagnosis. With potential devastating consequences from retained battery in the esophagus, emergent removal of any possible disc battery foreign body should be considered.

المؤلفون: Feinmesser G; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel. Electronic address: gilad.feinmesser@sheba.health.gov.il., Eyal A; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel. Electronic address: ana.eyal@sheba.health.gov.il., Shrot S; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997802, Israel; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel., Belenky EA; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel. Electronic address: eugenia.belenky@sheba.health.gov.il., Mansour J; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997802, Israel., Livneh N; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel., Knoller H; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel., Schindel H; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel., Alon EE; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 526200, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997802, Israel. Electronic address: eran.alon@sheba.health.gov.il.

المصدر: American journal of otolaryngology [Am J Otolaryngol] 2022 Jan-Feb; Vol. 43 (1), pp. 103237. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 16.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Saunders Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8000029 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-818X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01960709 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Otolaryngol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Foreign Bodies/*diagnostic imaging , Neck/*diagnostic imaging , Neck Pain/*diagnostic imaging , Radiography/*statistics & numerical data , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*statistics & numerical data, Adult ; Animals ; Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fishes ; Foreign Bodies/complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain/etiology ; Observer Variation ; Radiography/methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

مستخلص: Objective: Bone impaction (BI) is a common cause for emergency room visits. Among foreign bodies, fish bone is considered the most common. The sensitivity of symptoms in predicting BI is relatively low, making imaging a central tool to aid diagnosis. Current imaging practices include both neck plain film radiography and none-contrast CT scans of the neck. We evaluated the accuracy of neck plain film radiography and CT scans of the neck for the diagnosis of BI.
Methods: Retrospective review of all patients who presented to the emergency room between 2009 and 2016 with a suspicious history of BI whom underwent plain film neck radiography or CT. All Images were reviewed by two neuro-radiologist blinded to the clinical symptoms and findings. Symptoms, clinical findings and images results were compared to the final diagnosis.
Results: 89 patients (30.7%), out of 290 patients who presented with complaints of BI, were diagnosed with BI. Mean age was 44.7 years old. Plain film neck radiography failed to predict BI (sen. 14.4%, spe 89.8% accuracy 63.2%), neck CT has an improved accuracy and sensitivity in locating BI (sen. 83.3%, spe. 94.1% accuracy 92.5%). Interobserver agreement between the two neuro-radiologists was moderate (0.46) and substantial (0.77) in neck radiography and CT images, respectively. Neck radiography missed 60 (out of 61) oropharyngeal BI's.
Conclusion: Neck radiography has high inter-observer variability and low sensitivity for the diagnosis of BI. Neck CT should be the first imaging modality in patients with suspicious complaints for BI and negative physical exam.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Choi SE; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea., Xu H; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea., Kang JH; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea., Park DJ; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea., Kweon SS; Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.; Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea., Lee YH; Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea., Kim HY; Gwangju-Jeonnam Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Lee JK; Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Shin MH; Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea. mhshinx@paran.com., Lee SS; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea. shinseok@chonnam.ac.kr.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2021 Dec 08; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 23697. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 08.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Biomarkers* , Heart Rate* , Osteoarthritis*/diagnosis , Osteoarthritis*/epidemiology , Osteoarthritis*/etiology , Radiography* , Rest*, Hand Joints/*diagnostic imaging , Knee Joint/*diagnostic imaging, Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Susceptibility ; Hand Joints/pathology ; Humans ; Knee Joint/pathology ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Population Surveillance

مستخلص: Although the resting heart rate (RHR) predicts the clinical outcomes of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, diabetes mellitus, and the risk of cancer, its role in patients with musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), remains unclear. We explored the association of the RHR with the extents of radiographic changes in the knees and hands of 2369 subjects from the Dong-gu Study. The radiographic hand and knee joint findings were graded semi-quantitatively; we calculated total hand and knee joint scores. Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the associations between the RHR and the radiographic characteristics of these joints. For the knee joints, the RHR was associated positively with the total (p < 0.01), osteophyte (p < 0.01), joint space narrowing (JSN; p < 0.01), and tibial attrition (p = 0.02) scores after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, educational and physical activity levels, and comorbidities. For the hand joints, the RHR was associated positively with the JSN (p = 0.01) and subchondral cyst (p < 0.01) scores after such adjustment. The RHR was not associated with the total, osteophyte, sclerosis, erosion, or malalignment score for the hand joints. This study is the first to reveal an association between the RHR and the radiographic severity of knee, but not hand, OA.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Manghat N; Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK. Electronic address: nathan.manghat@uhbw.nhs.uk., Kaneria N; Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK., Hamilton M; Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK.

المصدر: Clinical radiology [Clin Radiol] 2021 Sep; Vol. 76 (9), pp. 706-707. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 10.

نوع المنشور: Letter

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 1306016 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-229X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00099260 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Radiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiography/*methods , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging , Thrombosis/*diagnostic imaging, Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods

المؤلفون: Chaib B; Department of General Medicine, Maidstone Hospital, Kent, UK., Malhotra K; Department of Orthopaedics, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK., Khoo M; Department of Radiology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK., Saifuddin A; Department of Radiology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK.

المصدر: The British journal of radiology [Br J Radiol] 2021 Sep 01; Vol. 94 (1125), pp. 20201341. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 28.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0373125 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1748-880X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00071285 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Radiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Bone Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging , Bone Neoplasms/*pathology , Fractures, Spontaneous/*diagnostic imaging , Fractures, Spontaneous/*pathology , Radiography/*methods, Adolescent ; Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging ; Bone and Bones/pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

مستخلص: Objective: To determine the incidence and causes of pathological fractures in paediatric bone tumours and tumour-like lesions, and to determine if they are predictive of benign lesions.
Methods and Materials: Retrospective review of children with suspected bone tumours referred to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology service between September 2019 and August 2020. Data recorded included patient age and gender, lesion location, the presence of a pathological fracture on the initial plain radiograph, and the final diagnosis made either by image-guided biopsy/curettage or based on typical imaging features.
Results: 231 patients were included with 233 lesions (138 males and 93 females with mean age 10.5 years, range 3 months-18 years). Final diagnosis was based on histology in 85 (36.5%) cases and imaging in 148 (63.5%) cases, 52 (22.3%) lesions classed as non-neoplastic, 139 (59.7%) as benign and 42 (18%) as malignant. Pathological fractures were seen in 41 cases (17.6%) at presentation, involving the humerus in 19 (46.3%), the femur in 14 (34.1%), the tibia in 3 (7.3%), the fibula and radius in two each (4.9%) and the second toe proximal phalanx in 1 (2.4%) ( p < 0.001). The commonest underlying lesions included simple bone cyst ( n = 17; 41.5%) and non-ossifying fibroma ( n = 10; 24.4%). Only 4 cases (9.75%) were malignant, one case each of osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, leukaemia and BCOR undifferentiated round cell sarcoma. Pathological fracture occurred in 27.7% of non-malignant lesions and 9.5% of malignant lesions, this difference being statistically significant ( p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Pathological fractures were seen in 17.6% of paediatric bone tumours, tumour-like lesions, being significantly associated with humeral location and non-malignant diagnosis.
Advances in Knowledge: Demonstrates the frequency, location and underlying diagnosis of pathological fractures in paediatric bone tumour and tumour-like lesions.

المؤلفون: Matusov Y; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States., Tapson VF; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Venous Thromboembolism and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Research Program, Los Angeles, California, United States.

المصدر: Postgraduate medicine [Postgrad Med] 2021 Aug; Vol. 133 (sup1), pp. 64-70. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401147 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1941-9260 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00325481 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Postgrad Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiography*/methods , Radiography*/trends, Pulmonary Artery/*diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Embolism/*diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans

مستخلص: The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) is often made more challenging by the presence of diseases that can mimic thromboembolic disease. There is no specific or sensitive constellation of clinical signs or symptoms that can be used to diagnose PE. Ventilation/perfusion scans can have false-positive findings related to mediastinal conditions that can compress the pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary hemorrhage can resemble PE on V/Q scanning with potentially devastating consequences if anticoagulation is started. CT-scan related issues l eading to potential false-positive diagnoses range from inadequate imaging technique, to systemic-pulmonary shunting, to non-thrombotic occlusion of pulmonary arteries by tumor, septic emboli, and emboli of fat, air, and foreign material, as well as vasculitic processes. Careful assessment of the patient and consideration of these potential mimickers is imperative to correct diagnosis of this potentially life-threatening condition.

المؤلفون: Holmes KR; From the Departments of Medicine (K.R.H.) and Radiology (R.D.H.), University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, 11th Floor, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.M.); and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (N.M.)., Holmes RD; From the Departments of Medicine (K.R.H.) and Radiology (R.D.H.), University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, 11th Floor, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.M.); and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (N.M.)., Martin M; From the Departments of Medicine (K.R.H.) and Radiology (R.D.H.), University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, 11th Floor, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.M.); and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (N.M.)., Murray N; From the Departments of Medicine (K.R.H.) and Radiology (R.D.H.), University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, 11th Floor, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.M.); and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (N.M.).

المصدر: Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc [Radiographics] 2021 Jul-Aug; Vol. 41 (4), pp. 1164-1185. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Radiological Society of North America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8302501 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1527-1323 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02715333 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Radiographics Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiography*, Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans

مستخلص: Radiopaque lesions of the jaw are myriad in type and occasionally protean in appearance. In turn, the radiologic analysis of these lesions requires a systematic approach and a broad consideration of clinical and imaging characteristics to enable reliable radiologic diagnosis. Initially categorizing lesions by attenuation pattern provides a practical framework for organizing radiopaque jaw lesions that also reflects important tissue characteristics. Specifically, the appearance of radiopaque lesions can be described as (a) densely sclerotic, (b) ground glass, or ( c ) mixed lytic-sclerotic, with each category representing a distinct although occasionally overlapping differential diagnosis. After characterizing attenuation pattern, the appreciation of other radiologic features, such as margin characteristics or relationship to teeth, as well as clinical features including demographics and symptoms, can aid in further narrowing the differential diagnosis and lend confidence to clinical decision making. The authors review the potential causes of a radiopaque jaw lesion, including pertinent clinical and radiologic features, and outline a simplified approach to its radiologic diagnosis, with a focus on cross-sectional CT. An invited commentary by Buch is available online. ^© RSNA, 2021.