المؤلفون: Liu Y; School of Marxism, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China. liuying@fjnu.edu.cn.

المصدر: Journal of epidemiology and global health [J Epidemiol Glob Health] 2024 Mar; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 13-21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101592084 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2210-6014 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22106006 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Epidemiol Glob Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/prevention & control , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Health Policy* , Disease Eradication*/methods, Humans ; China/epidemiology

مستخلص: The prevention and treatment of leprosy is a public health and social issue of global concern. China has become the first country in the world to put forward a proposal on the elimination of the harm caused by leprosy. This paper briefly introduces the status of the spread of leprosy in China, and systematically reviews the evolution of policies and measures at different stages of the disease in China, from the serious epidemic of leprosy to the control of the infection, to the basic elimination, and to the elimination of the hazards. On this basis, five main lessons learned from the control and elimination of leprosy in China were also summarized. These provide the basis for promoting the complete global elimination of leprosy and preventing its re-transmission, thereby benefiting all those who still suffer from the scourge of leprosy.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Zhang M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Qiao L; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Sun P; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Jiang H; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Shi Y; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Zhang W; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Mei Y; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Yu M; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. yumeiwen@163.com.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. yumeiwen@163.com., Wang H; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. whs33@vip.sina.com.; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. whs33@vip.sina.com.; National Centre for Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. whs33@vip.sina.com.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. whs33@vip.sina.com.

المصدر: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Feb 14; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 465. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 14.

نوع المنشور: Observational Study; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968562 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2458 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712458 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/epidemiology, Humans ; China/epidemiology ; Spatial Analysis ; Cluster Analysis ; Databases, Factual ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis

مستخلص: Background: Despite many efforts to control leprosy worldwide, it is still a significant public health problem in low- and middle-income regions. It has been endemic in China for thousands of years, and southwest China has the highest leprosy burden in the country.
Methods: This observational study was conducted with all newly detected leprosy cases in southwest China from 2010 to 2020. Data were extracted from the Leprosy Management Information System (LEPMIS) database in China. The Joinpoint model was used to determine the time trends in the study area. Spatial autocorrelation statistics was performed to understand spatial distribution of leprosy cases. Spatial scan statistics was applied to identify significant clusters with high rate.
Results: A total of 4801 newly detected leprosy cases were reported in southwest China over 11 years. The temporal trends declined stably. The new case detection rate (NCDR) dropped from 4.38/1,000,000 population in 2010 to 1.25/1,000,000 population in 2020, with an average decrease of 12.24% (95% CI: -14.0 to - 10.5; P < 0.001). Results of global spatial autocorrelation showed that leprosy cases presented clustering distribution in the study area. Most likely clusters were identified during the study period and were frequently located at Yunnan or the border areas between Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces. Secondary clusters were always located in the western counties, the border areas between Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces.
Conclusions: Geographic regions characterized by clusters with high rates were considered as leprosy high-risk areas. The findings of this study could be used to design leprosy control measures and provide indications to strengthen the surveillance of high-risk areas. These areas should be prioritized in the allocation of resources.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Zhou J; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China., Wu Z; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China., Tong Y; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China., Chokkakula S; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea., Shi Y; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China.; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China., Jiang H; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China.; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China., Liu J; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China., Wang; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China., Zhang W; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China.; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China., Wang C; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China.; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China., Zhao T; Qianxinan CDC, Qianxinan, China., Yuan K; Anshun CDC, Anshun, China., Li T; Qiandongnan CDC, Qiandongnan, China., Ma L; Guiyang CDC, Guiyang, China., Yang Q; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China., Wang S; The Second People's Hospital of Bijie, Bijie, China., Hong F; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China., Wang H; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China.; Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea., Li J; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.; Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China.

المصدر: Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2024 Jan 24; Vol. 12, pp. 1148705. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 24 (Print Publication: 2024).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Editorial Office Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101616579 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2296-2565 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22962565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: COVID-19*/epidemiology , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Leprosy*/microbiology, Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/genetics ; Pandemics ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; China/epidemiology

مستخلص: Objectives: The present study analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and incidence of new leprosy cases, as well as the diversity, distribution, and temporal transmission of Mycobacterium leprae strains at the county level in leprae-endemic provinces in Southwest China.
Methods: A total of 219 new leprosy cases during two periods, 2018-2019 and 2020-2021, were compared. We genetically characterized 83 clinical isolates of M. leprae in Guizhou using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The obtained genetic profiles and cluster consequences of M. leprae were compared between the two periods.
Results: There was an 18.97% decrease in the number of counties and districts reporting cases. Considering the initial months (January-March) of virus emergence, the number of new cases in 2021 increased by 167% compared to 2020. The number of patients with a delay of >12 months before COVID-19 (63.56%) was significantly higher than that during COVID-19 (48.51%). Eighty-one clinical isolates (97.60%) were positive for all 17 VNTR types, whereas two (2.40%) clinical isolates were positive for 16 VNTR types. The (GTA)9, (TA)18, (TTC)21 and (TA)10 loci showed higher polymorphism than the other loci. The VNTR profile of these clinical isolates generated five clusters, among which the counties where the patients were located were adjacent or relatively close to each other. SNP typing revealed that all clinical isolates possessed the single SNP3K.
Conclusion: COVID-19 may have a negative/imbalanced impact on the prevention and control measures of leprosy, which could be a considerable fact for official health departments. Isolates formed clusters among counties in Guizhou, indicating that the transmission chain remained during the epidemic and was less influenced by COVID-19 preventative policies.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Zhou, Wu, Tong, Chokkakula, Shi, Jiang, Liu, Wang, Zhang, Wang, Zhao, Yuan, Li, Ma, Yang, Wang, Hong, Wang and Li.)

المؤلفون: Wang X; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China., Lin X; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China., Zhao P; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China., Chen L; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China., Zheng D; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China., Yang B; Departments of Leprosy Control, The Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

المصدر: Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology [Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol] 2023 Nov-Dec; Vol. 89 (6), pp. 894-896.

نوع المنشور: Letter

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7701852 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0973-3922 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03786323 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/epidemiology, Humans ; China/epidemiology

المؤلفون: Chen L; Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan, China., Zheng W; Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan, China., Dong X; Wuhan Emergency Medical Center, Wuhan, China., Zheng Y; Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan, China., Shi W; Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan, China., Zhang W; Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan, China.

المصدر: Medicine [Medicine (Baltimore)] 2023 Aug 11; Vol. 102 (32), pp. e34714.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 2985248R Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-5964 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00257974 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Medicine (Baltimore) Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/diagnosis , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Exanthema* , Bacillus*, Humans ; Time Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Diagnostic Errors ; China/epidemiology

مستخلص: To analyze the misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of leprosy in Hubei Province, China during the past 30 years, which can provide a scientific basis for improving the prevention and treatment of leprosy by proposing targeted intervention measures. A retrospective study was conducted to compile 161 cases of misdiagnosed or delayed diagnosis of leprosy in Hubei Province during 1990 to 2020 from the National Leprosy Prevention and Control Management Information System and the background information of regional leprosy control centers in Hubei Province. Among 161 study subjects, the shortest delay period was 25.30 months for cases aged 15 to 20 years, the longest delay period was 67.09 months for cases aged 51 to 60 years, the shortest delay period was 35.33 months for type TN cases, and the longest delay period was 75.17 months for type I cases. There were 71 cases (44.10%) misdiagnosed, and the top 5 misdiagnosed disease names were rash 23 cases (32.39%). Top 5 misdiagnosed cases were rash 23 (32.39%), rheumatism 10 (14.08%), skin ulceration 9 (12.68%), dermatitis 9 (12.68%), neuritis 9 (12.68%). In the prophet prediction, the overall trend of leprosy misdiagnosis was increasing and within 1 year the number is fluctuant. The training of medical personnel at all levels on leprosy prevention and treatment should be strengthened, and the public awareness of leprosy prevention and treatment should be enhanced.
Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
(Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

المؤلفون: Xu CY; People Hospital of Rugao in Jiangsu, Rugao 226500,China., Peng W; Fusion Media Center of Rugao in Jiangsu, Rugao 226500,China.

المصدر: Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) [Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi] 2023 May 28; Vol. 53 (3), pp. 176-182.

نوع المنشور: English Abstract; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Zhonghua yi xue hui Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 8303081 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0255-7053 (Print) Linking ISSN: 02557053 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Communication* , Leprosy*, Humans ; China ; Taiwan ; Language

مستخلص: The North of Jiangsu was a traditional area for leprosy in Chinese history. In the period of the Republic of China, one of the largest leprosy clinics in China was established in Ru Gao (Jugao) with the help of Chinese and foreign charitable organizations, the Chinese central government and some squires. It was the only large clinic for leprosy in the North of Jiangsu. It was officially opened in 1924, attached to the Presbyterian Church hospital, and was closed in 1927 after the breakout of the civil war. It reopened in May 1933, hosted by a leprologist, Lee S. Huizenga. Ru Gao (Jugao) leprosy clinic treated around 1,000 lepers in the North of Jiangsu with medicines and language communication. The establishment of the leprosy clinic made a historical contribution in terms of preventing leprosy from spreading to Shanghai. It closed in the spring of 1938 because of the invasion of the Japanese military.

المؤلفون: Peng J; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Sun P; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Wang L; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Wang H; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China., Long S; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China., Yu MW; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

المصدر: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2023 Feb 17; Vol. 17 (2), pp. e0011092. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 17 (Print Publication: 2023).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101291488 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1935-2735 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19352727 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/diagnosis , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Leprosy*/microbiology , Disabled Persons*, Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Child ; Female ; Adolescent ; China/epidemiology ; Contact Tracing ; Family Characteristics ; Mycobacterium leprae

مستخلص: Background: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection, mainly affects skin and peripheral nerves and may further lead to disability and deformity if not treated timely. The new case detection rate of leprosy in children reflects the active transmission of leprosy infection. This study aims to present the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of new leprosy cases in children in China from 2011 to 2020.
Methodology/principal Findings: All data from leprosy patients younger than 15 years old were extracted from the Leprosy Management Information System in China (LEPMIS). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0 was used for descriptive and analytical statistics of the epidemiological and clinical indicators by the Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Fisher's exact test. And geographical distribution was analyzed by ArcGIS 10.5. A total of 152 pediatric new cases of leprosy were found over the last decade. The new case detection rate of pediatric leprosy cases decreased from 0.13 to 0.02 per 1,000,000 population over the last ten years. New pediatric cases had a higher new case detection rate in Guizhou, Sichuan, and Yunnan Provinces. All but 7 provinces in China achieved zero new child case for consecutive five years. The onset of leprosy peaked between 10 and 14 years of age, and the male to female ratio was 1.71:1. Pediatric patients were predominantly infected from symptomatic household adult contacts HHCs. Multibacillary leprosy (MB) was the most common. However, a low proportion of patients developed leprosy reaction and grade 2 disability.
Conclusions/significance: The new case detection rate of pediatric leprosy cases has decreased over the past ten years in China. Spatial analysis indicated clusters in high-endemic areas. Leprosy transmission has stopped in the majority of provinces in China. However, sporadic cases may continue to exist for a long time. Active surveillance especially contact tracing should be focused on in future plan for management of leprosy, and interventions in leprosy clusters should be prioritized.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Peng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

المؤلفون: Wang Y; School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing City, China., Xiao D; Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China., Wu M; Information Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Qing L; School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing City, China., Yang T; School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing City, China., Xiao P; Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China., Deng D; School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing City, China.

المصدر: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene [Am J Trop Med Hyg] 2022 Nov 21; Vol. 108 (1), pp. 165-173. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 21 (Print Publication: 2023).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370507 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-1645 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00029637 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Trop Med Hyg Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/diagnosis , Leprosy*/drug therapy , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Leprosy, Multibacillary*, Humans ; Male ; Cities ; China/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Brazil/epidemiology

مستخلص: Chongqing is one of the focuses of leprosy control in China. Although leprosy control in Chongqing has achieved remarkable results over the years, there are also some problems, such as recurrent epidemics and insufficient early detection in some areas. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Chongqing, from 1949 to 2019 and explore the potential factors sociated with cure of leprosy to provide a basis for improving leprosy prevention and treatment strategies in Chongqing. Epidemiological indicators such as incidence and prevalence rates were used to evaluate the prevalence of leprosy. The epidemiological characteristics and control situation of leprosy in patients were analyzed using demographic characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment. Survival analysis was conducted to explore factors associated with the cure of leprosy. From 1949 to 2019, 3,703 cases of leprosy were registered in Chongqing. The incidence of leprosy in the city peaked at 0.853/105 in 1960 and remained below 0.100/105 after 2003. The number of high incidence areas decreased significantly, but they were mainly concentrated in the northeast and southeast regions. The early detection rate increased yearly from 1949 to 2019, and the rate of grade 2 disability ranged from 38.2% to 21.7%, with a fluctuating downward trend after 1960. Male, young age, employment as a farmer, delayed diagnosis, and multibacillary leprosy were risk factors for leprosy cure. Chongqing should continue to strengthen leprosy monitoring to improve the early detection of leprosy and focus on sociated risk factors to carry out multiple strategies.

المؤلفون: Sil A; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, RG Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: abheek.sil@gmail.com., Das A; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: anupamdasdr@gmail.com.

المصدر: Clinics in dermatology [Clin Dermatol] 2022 Nov-Dec; Vol. 40 (6), pp. 691-699. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 28.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8406412 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1131 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0738081X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Dermatol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/epidemiology , Leprosy*/therapy , Leprosy*/history, Humans ; China ; Egypt ; Europe ; India/epidemiology

مستخلص: Traditionally, India holds the unenviable position of the origin of leprosy. The disease is thought to have spread, via trade and war, to China, Egypt, and the Middle East, and later to Europe and the Americas. From antiquity to modernity, Indian society treated leprosy singularly for custom and law, a response shaped by both scientific knowledge and cultural attitudes. Over the past centuries, tireless research by eminent physicians and scientists working in India have helped establish a better understanding of clinical, bacteriologic, pathologic, and immunologic aspects of leprosy. Therapeutic modalities that were initially restricted to chaulmoogra expanded to include newer anti-leprotic medications and even surgical reconstruction of deformities. India's future challenges in leprosy control include stigmata, educational knowledge gaps, and multiple systems of medicine. This contribution is an attempt to comprehensively discuss the historic aspect of this exclusive disease focusing on the varied scientific contributions from India.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Shen YL; Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China., Kong WM; Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China., Yu MW; National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China., Wu LM; Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China., Fei LJ; Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China.

المصدر: International journal of dermatology [Int J Dermatol] 2022 Dec; Vol. 61 (12), pp. 1532-1539. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Science Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0243704 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-4632 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00119059 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Dermatol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leprosy*/diagnosis , Leprosy*/epidemiology , Lymphoma, Follicular*, Humans ; China/epidemiology ; Early Diagnosis ; Public Health

مستخلص: Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that causes disabilities and deformities. Early detection is a major strategy for leprosy control. This study reported a new practice of suspicious symptom monitoring for early detection of leprosy.
Methods: A descriptive and comparative analysis between a non-strategy group of pre-implementation of suspicious symptom monitoring in 2005-2011 and a strategy group of strategy implementation in 2012-2018 was conducted through indicators of the number of times of misdiagnoses, delayed period, proportion of early detected cases, and proportion of disabilities.
Result: Compared with the non-strategy group in 2005-2011, the median number of times of misdiagnoses was decreased from two times to zero times (z = 4.387, P < 0.001), and the median delayed period of newly detected cases were shortened from 24 months to 13 months (z = 2.381, P < 0.001), the proportion of early detected cases was increased from 43.7% to 75.2% (χ ²  = 29.464, P < 0.001), the proportion of grade 2 disabilities was decreased from 28.6% in the highest year of 2005 to 4.0% in the lowest year of 2014, and the average proportion of disabilities was decreased from 33.5% to 17.6% (χ ²  = 9.421, P = 0.002) in the strategy group in 2012-2018, respectively.
Conclusion: Suspicious symptom monitoring promoted early detection of cases by reducing the number of times misdiagnosis of leprosy patients, shortening the delayed period, increasing the proportion of early detection, and decreasing the proportion of disabilities. It is an important and recommendable public health strategy for leprosy prevention and control in a low epidemic condition.
(© 2022 the International Society of Dermatology.)