المؤلفون: Ohta R; Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan, Shimane 699-1221, Japan., Nishida M; Takenaka Corporation, Hommachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0053, Japan., Okuda N; Takenaka Corporation, Hommachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0053, Japan., Sano C; Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.

المصدر: International journal of environmental research and public health [Int J Environ Res Public Health] 2021 Feb 09; Vol. 18 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 09.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Facial Expression* , Smiling*, Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Reproducibility of Results

مستخلص: Recreational activities are found to increase people's smiles, arising joy in older people, but there is limited research on this topic within the Japanese context. This cross-sectional study aimed to measure the quality and frequency of smiles in older people living in rural settings using a smile analysis application. The participants comprised 13 females aged over 65 years who lived in Unnan City, Japan, and regularly attended recreational meetings. In this study, the recreational activity that the participants joined was a game called Mattoss. A video camera captured the participants' faces, while a smile assessment application assessed their facial expressions for smiles and joy. A total of 2767 smiles were recorded. For validity, we calculated the Spearman's rho score between smile and joy, which was 0.9697 ( p < 0.001), while for reliability, we determined the Spearman's rho score for each participant, which exceeded 0.7 ( p < 0.001). Surges of smiles were induced by one's own mistakes, successes, and big mistakes in the game and by severe or mild judgments by the referee. High validity and reliability of smile evaluation were demonstrated. The study found that smiling increased during recreational activities. Therefore, recreational activities can be encouraged for older people living in rural communities.

المؤلفون: Yabe A; Department of Orthodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Ikoma M; Department of Orthodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Arai K; Department of Orthodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: darai@tky.ndu.ac.jp.

المصدر: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics [Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop] 2021 Jun; Vol. 159 (6), pp. 750-757. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8610224 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-6752 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08895406 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Malocclusion*/therapy , Orthodontists*, Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Esthetics, Dental ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Smiling ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Introduction: Maxillary anterior crowding (MxAC) has been considered to be an esthetically favorable characteristic of young women in Japan. It has been hypothesized that laypeople and orthodontists have different esthetic preferences; however, to date, this has not been investigated in detail. Therefore, the present study compared the facial attractiveness of women with MxAC and the interpretation of MxAC among orthodontists and laypeople with and without orthodontic treatment experience in Japan.
Methods: Thirty-eight orthodontists, 42 laypeople with orthodontics (patients), and 43 laypeople without orthodontics (laypeople) evaluated the attractiveness of resting and smiling frontal images of 12 women with MxAC (MxAC models; mean age, 21.7 ± 2.6 years) and 12 women with normal occlusion (normal models; mean age, 20.1 ± 0.7 years) using a visual analog scale. In addition, they responded to a questionnaire that asked them to select the terms most closely associated with MxAC. All evaluators and models were Japanese.
Results: For all evaluator groups, the facial attractiveness of the MxAC models was significantly lower than that of the normal models for both the resting and smiling images. For MxAC models, orthodontists evaluated resting images more attractive than smiling images, whereas laypeople evaluated smiling images more attractive than resting images. Significantly more patients and laypeople than orthodontists selected "cute" as the term most closely associated with MxAC (P <0.05).
Conclusions: The orthodontists, patients, and laypeople showed a different tendency in their facial attractiveness preferences. Regardless of their orthodontic experience, the laypeople showed more positive interpretations of MxAC than orthodontists. This finding seems to be influenced by Japanese culture, which values irregularity in nature as one form of beauty.
(Copyright © 2021 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Hata K; a  Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan., Arai K; b  Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

المصدر: The Angle orthodontist [Angle Orthod] 2016 Jan; Vol. 86 (1), pp. 127-34. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Sep 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontia Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370550 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1945-7103 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00033219 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Angle Orthod Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Esthetics, Dental* , Orthodontics, Corrective* , Smiling*, Asian People ; Female ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Incisor ; Japan ; Lip ; Male ; Visual Analog Scale

مستخلص: Objective: To identify appropriate dimensional items in objective diagnostic analysis for attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese female patients by comparing with the result of human judgments.
Materials and Methods: Photographs of frontal posed smiles of 100 Japanese females after orthodontic treatment were evaluated by 20 dental students (10 males and 10 females) using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The photographs were ranked based on the VAS evaluations and the 25 photographs with the highest evaluations were selected as group A, and the 25 photos with the lowest evaluations were designated group B. Then 12 dimensional items of objective analysis selected from a literature review were measured. Means and standard deviations for measurements of the dimensional items were compared between the groups using the unpaired t-test with a significance level of P < .05.
Results: Mean values were significantly smaller in group A than in group B for interlabial gap, intervermilion distance, maxillary gingival display, maximum incisor exposure, and lower lip to incisor (P < .05).
Conclusions: Significant differences were observed only in the vertical dimension, not in the transverse dimension. Five of the 12 objective diagnostic items were correlated with human judgments of the attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese females after orthodontic treatment.

المؤلفون: Rychlowska M; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1969; School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom; niedenthal@wisc.edu magdalena.rychlowska@gmail.com., Miyamoto Y; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1969;, Matsumoto D; San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132;, Hess U; Department of Psychology, Humboldt University, Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany;, Gilboa-Schechtman E; Psychology Department and the Gonda Brain Science Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel;, Kamble S; Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India;, Muluk H; Universitas Indonesia, Fakultas Psikologi, Jalan Salemba Raya 10430, Indonesia; and., Masuda T; Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9., Niedenthal PM; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1969; niedenthal@wisc.edu magdalena.rychlowska@gmail.com.

المصدر: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2015 May 12; Vol. 112 (19), pp. E2429-36. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Apr 20.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Emotions* , Facial Expression* , Smiling*, Algorithms ; Canada ; Cluster Analysis ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cultural Characteristics ; Culture ; Female ; France ; Germany ; Human Migration ; Humans ; India ; Indonesia ; Israel ; Japan ; Male ; Motivation ; New Zealand ; Social Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Young Adult

مستخلص: A small number of facial expressions may be universal in that they are produced by the same basic affective states and recognized as such throughout the world. However, other aspects of emotionally expressive behavior vary widely across culture. Just why do they vary? We propose that some cultural differences in expressive behavior are determined by historical heterogeneity, or the extent to which a country's present-day population descended from migration from numerous vs. few source countries over a period of 500 y. Our reanalysis of data on cultural rules for displaying emotion from 32 countries [n = 5,340; Matsumoto D, Yoo S, Fontaine J (2008) J Cross Cult Psychol 39(1):55-74] reveals that historical heterogeneity explains substantial, unique variance in the degree to which individuals believe that emotions should be openly expressed. We also report an original study of the underlying states that people believe are signified by a smile. Cluster analysis applied to data from nine countries (n = 726), including Canada, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, and the United States, reveals that countries group into "cultures of smiling" determined by historical heterogeneity. Factor analysis shows that smiles sort into three social-functional subtypes: pleasure, affiliative, and dominance. The relative importance of these smile subtypes varies as a function of historical heterogeneity. These findings thus highlight the power of social-historical factors to explain cross-cultural variation in emotional expression and smile behavior.

المؤلفون: Ioi H; Section of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. ioi@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp, Kang S, Shimomura T, Kim SS, Park SB, Son WS, Takahashi I

المصدر: Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] [J Esthet Restor Dent] 2013 Aug; Vol. 25 (4), pp. 274-82. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Apr 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101096515 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1708-8240 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14964155 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Esthet Restor Dent

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Attitude to Health*/ethnology , Esthetics, Dental* , Smiling*, Cuspid/*anatomy & histology , Incisor/*anatomy & histology, Adolescent ; Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Dentists/psychology ; Female ; Gingiva/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Japan ; Lip/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Orthodontics ; Orthodontics, Corrective/psychology ; Republic of Korea ; Sex Factors ; Visual Analog Scale ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Statement of Problem: The perception of a pleasing smile may differ between the countries in Asia or may be converging on a more internationally pleasing one.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vertical positions of anterior teeth on smile esthetics as assessed by Japanese and Korean orthodontists as well as by orthodontic patients.
Materials and Methods: A standard composite smile was constructed from different females' intraoral and extraoral photographs. Vertical positions of anterior teeth were modified digitally in 1-mm increments, from 5 mm upper lip coverage of the incisors to 5 mm gingival exposure. Using a visual analog scale, 41 Japanese orthodontists and 96 Japanese orthodontic patients, 25 Korean orthodontists, and 72 Korean orthodontic patients rated the attractiveness of 11 smiles with altered gingival displays.
Results: Overall, the Japanese and Korean raters assigned similar esthetic scores between the corresponding groups. The male orthodontic patients assigned higher scores to the smiles with upper lip coverage of the teeth than the corresponding females did in both countries. The female patients assigned clinically significant higher scores to the smiles from 2 mm upper lip coverage of the teeth to 0 mm gingival exposure in both countries.
Conclusions: In both countries, the orthodontists and the female patients shared the similar preference in the smile evaluation of vertical positions of anterior teeth, whereas the male orthodontic patients were more tolerant of upper lip coverage of the anterior teeth than the orthodontists and the female patients.
Clinical Significance: This study proposes 0 mm to 2 mm of upper lip coverage of the teeth as a threshold of acceptability for esthetic smile evaluations in female orthodontic patients. For male orthodontic patients, the paper proposes negative gingival display as a threshold of acceptability for esthetic smile evaluations.
(© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

المؤلفون: Pornthanachotanan, Prapaipun, Wakabayashi, Shigenori, Jun Iio, Junji Sakurai, Yohei Honda, Insawat, Teera, Singhapreecha, Pornsiri

المصدر: LEARN Journal: Language Education & Acquisition Research Network; Jan-Jun2024, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p662-687, 26p

مصطلحات موضوعية: THAI people, JAPANESE students, SMILING, ENGLISH as a foreign language, SCHOOL size, SECOND language acquisition

مصطلحات جغرافية: BANGKOK (Thailand), JAPAN

مستخلص: This study presents an international collaboration in the Students Meet Internationally through Language Education (SMILE) project and investigates how the SMILE project impacts Thai EFL students. This program provides students with opportunities to use English as an Authentic Communication Tool (E-ACT) by sharing their experiences and culture with high school peers in Japan online. Thirty-one Thai twelfth graders from a public high school in Bangkok participated in the SMILE project in the 2022 academic year. The course of the SMILE project we describe in this paper consisted of four collaboration classes (50 minutes, four times), and each class consisted of two sessions (25 minutes, twice). In each session, the Thai students met Japanese students in the same school grade in small groups with four or five students in total. These classes were conducted via online channels. Thai students' data were collected from class observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The results revealed that the Thai students 1) increased their confidence in using English, 2) gained broader perspectives from the cultural exchange sessions, 3) were eager to have similar collaborations with new Japanese students, and 4) showed clear enjoyment in their activities. Given these benefits, we conclude that the experience that student participants gained through the SMILE project had a substantial impact on them, which is likely to change their attitude toward studying English in the future. Besides, we discuss how current approaches to learner psychology may or may not be applied to our findings. Based on the results, the authors argue that having students with different first languages meet online should be conducted more widely in EFL circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of LEARN Journal: Language Education & Acquisition Research Network is the property of LEARN Journal: Language Education & Acquisition Research Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Ioi H; Section of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. ioi@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp, Kang S, Shimomura T, Kim SS, Park SB, Son WS, Takahashi I

المصدر: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics [Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop] 2012 Oct; Vol. 142 (4), pp. 459-65.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8610224 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-6752 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08895406 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Attitude of Health Personnel* , Attitude to Health* , Esthetics, Dental* , Orthodontics* , Smiling*, Lip/*anatomy & histology , Orthodontics, Corrective/*psychology, Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek/anatomy & histology ; Dental Arch/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Republic of Korea ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the size of buccal corridors on the assessment of attractive smile esthetics by Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.
Methods: Buccal corridors were modified digitally from 0% to 25% compared with the inner intercommissural width. Using a visual analog scale, 41 Japanese and 25 Korean orthodontists, and 96 Japanese and 72 Korean orthodontic patients (15-29 years old) rated the attractiveness of 6 smiles with altered buccal corridors. The influence of the size of the buccal corridor on smile esthetics was assessed.
Results: Although there was no significant sex difference in judging the effects of buccal corridors for the Korean and Japanese orthodontists, significant sex differences were shown for the Japanese orthodontic patients. There were significant differences in the 6 levels of median esthetic scores for all groups: 0%, 5%, and 10% buccal corridors in the smiles tended to be preferred to the other smiles, to become clinically significant for all groups. The median esthetic score decreased to become clinically significant from 10% to 15% buccal corridors for all groups.
Conclusions: Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients prefer narrow or medium buccal corridors to broad buccal corridors.
(Copyright © 2012 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Ioi H; Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. ioi@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp, Nakata S, Counts AL

المصدر: European journal of orthodontics [Eur J Orthod] 2010 Dec; Vol. 32 (6), pp. 633-7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Apr 19.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7909010 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1460-2210 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01415387 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Orthod Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Attitude of Health Personnel* , Esthetics, Dental* , Smiling*, Gingiva/*anatomy & histology, Adult ; Asian People ; Dentists ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Photography, Dental ; Reproducibility of Results ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Students, Dental ; Young Adult

مستخلص: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the amount of gingival display on smile aesthetics as assessed by Japanese orthodontists and dental students. A coloured photograph of a smiling female, displaying the first molar to first molar, whose upper lip was tangent to the upper gingival margin of the upper central incisors (zero point), was constructed from different subjects. Gingival displays were modified by moving the teeth within the lip frame in 1 mm increments, from -5 to 5. Using a visual analogue scale (VAS), 31 Japanese orthodontists and 55 Japanese dental students rated the attractiveness of the 11 smiles with altered gingival display. There was no significant difference when judging the effects of the gingival display on the smile attractiveness between the male and the female raters for both the orthodontists and dental students. Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant differences in the median aesthetic scores for both the orthodontists and dental students. For the orthodontists, the median aesthetic score increased gradually from -5 to 0 mm and then decreased from 0 to 5 mm. In particular, it decreased to become clinically significant (15 per cent VAS difference) from 0 to 3 mm. For the dental students, the median aesthetic score increased gradually from -5 to -2 mm and then decreased from -2 to 5 mm. The dental students were less tolerant of a more 'gummy' smile than the orthodontists.

المؤلفون: Ioi H; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. ioi@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp, Nakata S, Counts AL

المصدر: The Angle orthodontist [Angle Orthod] 2009 Jul; Vol. 79 (4), pp. 628-33.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontia Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370550 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0003-3219 (Print) Linking ISSN: 00033219 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Angle Orthod Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Esthetics, Dental* , Smiling*, Cheek/*anatomy & histology, Adult ; Dentists ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Students, Dental ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Objective: To test the hypothesis that the amount of buccal corridor has no influence on smile evaluations of Japanese orthodontists and dental students.
Materials and Methods: One photograph of a smiling female, displaying first molar to first molar, was constructed. Buccal corridors were modified digitally in 5% increments, from 0% to 25% buccal corridor compared with the inner commissural width. Using a visual analog scale (VAS), 32 Japanese orthodontists and 55 Japanese dental students rated the attractiveness of six smiles with altered buccal corridors. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was conducted to compare the distributions of the median scores between the male and female raters for each of the rater groups. Differences in the median esthetic scores were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. We used 15% VAS difference to determine the clinical significance of the esthetic scores.
Results: There was no significant difference in judging the effects of buccal corridors on the smile attractiveness between the male and female raters for both the orthodontists and dental students. There were significant differences in the median esthetic scores for both the orthodontists and dental students. The median esthetic score decreased to become clinically significant from 10% to 25% buccal corridor for both the orthodontists and dental students.
Conclusions: The hypothesis was rejected. Both the orthodontists and dental students preferred broader smiles to medium or narrow smiles.

المؤلفون: Kawamura S; Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. satoru@hus.osaka-u.ac.jp, Komori M

المصدر: Perceptual and motor skills [Percept Mot Skills] 2008 Aug; Vol. 107 (1), pp. 119-20.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: SAGE Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401131 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0031-5125 (Print) Linking ISSN: 00315125 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Percept Mot Skills Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Face* , Form Perception* , Mental Recall* , Recognition, Psychology* , Smiling* , Visual Perception*, Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Emotions ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Judgment ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Psychological ; Reaction Time

مستخلص: In this study, 114 Japanese observers (56 men and 58 women) rated the distinctiveness of 48 neutral faces and 48 smiling faces. Analysis showed smiling faces were rated as significantly more distinctive than neutral ones. Greater perceived distinctiveness provides an explanation for previous results that smiling faces are better remembered than faces with neutral expressions.