المؤلفون: Colleman, Timothy, Noël, Dirk

المصدر: Journal of Historical Pragmatics; 2012, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1-28, 28p, 3 Charts

مصطلحات موضوعية: GRAMMAR, TEACHER attrition, COGNATE words, HEARSAY exceptions, ENGLISH language

مصطلحات جغرافية: NETHERLANDS

مستخلص: Present-day Dutch has two entrenched “grammatical” hearsay evidentials: a construction with zou (originally the past tense form of the verb zullen, cognate with German sollen) and a construction with schijnen (literally, ‘seem’). The closest English equivalent of both constructions is the “evidential nominative and infinitive” (NCI), which pairs an evidential meaning with the morphosyntactic pattern [SBJ be Xedto Inf]. This is a highly productive construction in English, the most typical instantiation of which is be said to. Present-day Dutch has an NCI construction as well, but the lexical possibilities of this construction are limited to a handful of cognition verbs, which — in their NCI use — encode deontic rather than evidential meanings. On the basis of historical corpus data, this paper shows that the Dutch equivalent of English be said to, i.e. gezegd worden te, looked ready at one time to become entrenched as a substantive hearsay construction as well. This paper traces its evolution and explores the questions of why the pattern disappeared and why Dutch, unlike English, did not develop a schematic evidential NCI construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Ribbert, Anne, Kuiken, Folkert

المصدر: Bilingualism: Language & Cognition; Jan2010, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p41-48, 8p, 5 Charts

مصطلحات موضوعية: INFINITIVAL constructions, GRAMMAR, COGNATE words, ETYMOLOGY, GERMANS

مصطلحات جغرافية: NETHERLANDS

مستخلص: This article reports on an investigation of changes in the grammatical competence of Germans living in the Netherlands. The participants (N = 52) were asked to give their judgments on the grammaticality of infinitive clauses in German. The judgments of this group were compared to those of a control group that lived in Germany and did not have contact with Dutch. The results revealed significant changes in the participants' L1, which indicate transfer from the cognate L2, Dutch. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that L2-induced changes can occur after a relatively short period of time, at least in the case of cognate languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Bilingualism: Language & Cognition is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)