المؤلفون: Michael, Alec, Kelman, Todd, Pitesky, Maurice

المصدر: Animals. 10(8)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Biological Sciences, Zoology, Animal Production, Antimicrobial Resistance, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Infection, MIC, AMR, mixed effect models, logistic regression, cumulative logistic regression, accelerated failure time-frailty models, mixture models, Environmental Science and Management, Animal production, Veterinary sciences

الوصف: The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a significant threat to humans and food animals. The use of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine may select for resistant bacteria, resulting in increased levels of AMR in these populations. As the threat presented by AMR increases, it becomes critically important to find methods for effectively interpreting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. Currently, a wide array of techniques for analyzing these data can be found in the literature, but few guidelines for choosing among them exist. Here, we examine several quantitative techniques for analyzing the results of MIC tests and discuss and summarize various ways to model MIC data. The goal of this review is to propose important considerations for appropriate model selection given the purpose and context of the study. Approaches reviewed include mixture models, logistic regression, cumulative logistic regression, and accelerated failure time-frailty models. Important considerations in model selection include the objective of the study (e.g., modeling MIC creep vs. clinical resistance), degree of censoring in the data (e.g., heavily left/right censored vs. primarily interval censored), and consistency of testing parameters (e.g., same range of concentrations tested for a given antibiotic).

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w15h9q0

المساهمون: Maggino, Filomena, editor^Aff1

المصدر: Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. :1561-1561

المؤلفون: Yuan Chen, Ping Yu Cui, Yi Yang Pan, Ya Xing Li, Nuremaguli Waili, Ying Li

المصدر: BMC Geriatrics, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Depressive symptoms, Housing environment, Multidimensional assessment, Cumulative logistic regression analysis, Cross-sectional study, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6

الوصف: Abstract Background Depression is a common mental disorder among older people. This study aimed to assess the association between housing environment factors and depressive symptoms among older people using a multidimensional assessment method. Methods The study uses a population-based cross-sectional design. A total of 950 participants aged ≥ 60 years were selected using a complex multistage sampling design from 22 locations in China. All data were collected using questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. A total of 938 participants were included in the analysis, and 17.1% of males and 23.1% of females were identified as having depressive symptoms. The depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. The housing environment was assessed on the basis of four dimensions: physical, social, psychological, and cognition and physical function. Cumulative logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between housing environment and depressive symptoms. Results The Cochran–Armitage trend test showed that the depressive symptom scores were linearly negatively associated with self-assessed housing environment, living arrangement, life satisfaction, and other physical environment factors and linearly positively associated with cognitive and physical function scores. The results of cumulative logistic regression analysis showed that the housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. The participants’ self-assessed housing environment was strongly associated with the levels of depressive symptom scores, and the odds ratio was 3.47 (95% CI, 1.14–10.82, P = 0.003). Conclusion The housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that multi-dimensional assessment in the housing environment may be an effective way to develop intervention strategies of depressive symptoms among older people.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2318

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/7fc2afc65fc2468da53f4bda48d4d8db

المؤلفون: J. Schenkenfelder, C. Winckler

المصدر: Animal, Vol 16, Iss 3, Pp 100461- (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Animal-based, Cumulative logistic regression, Husbandry system, Prevalence, Risk indicator, Animal culture, SF1-1100

الوصف: Recently published thresholds allow classifying dairy cattle herds according to target, caution and alert ranges for welfare outcomes. Such normative thresholds provide one way to transparently assess production practices and are a straightforward communication tool with farmers. In an ordinal response case-control study, we investigated associations of animal, management and resource-related indicators with the risk of exceeding thresholds of prevalence for lameness, claw disorders, integument alterations and leg cleanliness. To this end, we used cumulative logistic regression models on 264 tethered and 392 loose-housed Austrian dairy herds. In tethered herds, the risk indicator average lactation milk yield was positively associated with the probability to exceed thresholds for integument alteration prevalence but negatively regarding leg cleanliness. Associations were also found for operation type regarding integument alterations (lower risk on organic vs conventional farms), for herd size regarding lameness (negative association) and dirty upper hind leg (positive association), and for percentage of fifth or higher parity cows in the herd regarding dirty lower hind leg (positive association). Stall type was identified as risk indicator regarding claw disorders (lower risk of long vs short stands). In loose housing systems, none of the analysed risk indicators was associated with the probability to exceed thresholds for total lameness and claw disorder prevalence. Negative associations with the probability to exceed caution or alert thresholds were identified for lifetime milk yield (dirty upper hind leg), lactation milk yield (dirty upper and lower hind leg), percentage of cows in the herd with a fat-protein-ratio 1.5 (dirty upper hind leg). Pasture access showed negative (severe lameness, integument alterations) and herd size positive associations (severe lameness) with the probability to exceed thresholds. Deep litter cubicles compared to raised cubicles with rubber mats showed a lower probability to exceed thresholds (integument alterations, dirty lower hind leg) as well as solid rubber compared to concrete slatted flooring in alleyways (integument alterations). Assessments carried out during the pasture period compared to during winter housing were associated with a lower risk of exceeding thresholds for leg cleanliness measures in both, tethered and loose-housed herds, and for integument alteration prevalence in tethered herds. In conclusion, no principal risk indicator was identified which consistently determined the probability of exceeding predefined thresholds of considered welfare outcomes. Nevertheless, outcome-specific factors show sufficient impact on the categorisation of farms according to prevalence ranges.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731122000088; https://doaj.org/toc/1751-7311

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/42273de088cf466cb8fda702bc23a29d

المؤلفون: Chen, Yuan, Cui, Ping Yu, Pan, Yi Yang, Li, Ya Xing, Waili, Nuremaguli, Li, Ying^Aff1

المصدر: BMC Geriatrics. 21(1)

المؤلفون: Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge, Jessa May Malanguis, Stefaan Moreels, Arion Turcsán, Nele Van der Schueren, Eduardo Notivol Paino

المصدر: Forests, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 23 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: climate change, elevated temperature, bud burst, leaf senescence, cumulative logistic regression, black thorn, Plant ecology, QK900-989

الوصف: Future predictions of forest ecosystem responses are a challenge, as global temperatures will further rise in the coming decades at an unprecedented rate. The effect of elevated temperature on growth performance and phenology of three Prunus spinosa L. provenances (originating from Belgium, Spain, and Sweden) in a common garden environment was investigated. One-year-old seedlings were grown in greenhouse conditions and exposed to ambient and elevated temperatures in the spring (on average 5.6 °C difference) and in the late summer/autumn of 2018 (on average 1.9 °C difference), while they were kept hydrated, in a factorial design. In the following years, all plants experienced the same growing conditions. Bud burst, leaf senescence, height, and diameter growth were recorded. Height and radial growth were not affected in the year of the treatments (2018) but were enhanced the year after (2019), whereas phenological responses depended on the temperature treatments in the year of the treatments (2018) with little carry-over effects in the succeeding years. Spring warming enhanced more height growth in the succeeding year, whereas summer/autumn warming stimulated more radial growth. Spring warming advanced bud burst and shortened the leaf opening process whereas summer/autumn warming delayed leaf senescence and enlarged the duration of this phenophase. These results can help predict the putative shifts in species composition of future forests and woody landscape elements.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/1/23; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/31f10081f60a4e43ab7c4c34de9d2b2b

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المؤلفون: Ying Li, Nuremaguli Waili, Ping Yu Cui, Yi Yang Pan, Ya Xing Li, Yuan Chen

المصدر: BMC Geriatrics, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
BMC Geriatrics

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, China, Cross-sectional study, Population, Housing environment, Logistic regression, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Geriatric Assessment, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Depression, business.industry, Depressive symptoms, Cumulative logistic regression analysis, RC952-954.6, Life satisfaction, Cognition, Odds ratio, Cross-Sectional Studies, Geriatrics, Housing, Female, Geriatric Depression Scale, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Multidimensional assessment, Research Article, Clinical psychology

الوصف: Background Depression is a common mental disorder among older people. This study aimed to assess the association between housing environment factors and depressive symptoms among older people using a multidimensional assessment method. Methods The study uses a population-based cross-sectional design. A total of 950 participants aged ≥ 60 years were selected using a complex multistage sampling design from 22 locations in China. All data were collected using questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. A total of 938 participants were included in the analysis, and 17.1% of males and 23.1% of females were identified as having depressive symptoms. The depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. The housing environment was assessed on the basis of four dimensions: physical, social, psychological, and cognition and physical function. Cumulative logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between housing environment and depressive symptoms. Results The Cochran–Armitage trend test showed that the depressive symptom scores were linearly negatively associated with self-assessed housing environment, living arrangement, life satisfaction, and other physical environment factors and linearly positively associated with cognitive and physical function scores. The results of cumulative logistic regression analysis showed that the housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. The participants’ self-assessed housing environment was strongly associated with the levels of depressive symptom scores, and the odds ratio was 3.47 (95% CI, 1.14–10.82, P = 0.003). Conclusion The housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that multi-dimensional assessment in the housing environment may be an effective way to develop intervention strategies of depressive symptoms among older people.

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1ccf64e65ae0e1606a18c0cb0e162178
https://doaj.org/article/7fc2afc65fc2468da53f4bda48d4d8db

المؤلفون: Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge, Astrid Janssens

المصدر: Forests, Vol 10, Iss 4, p 293 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: phenology, leafing out, flowering, senescence, cumulative logistic regression, hawthorn, provenance trial, non-local populations, variance analysis, Plant ecology, QK900-989

الوصف: Phenology in perennial plants implies the temporal occurrence of biological events throughout the year. Heritable phenotypic plasticity in the timing of the phenophases can be of importance in the adaptation of woody species to a quickly changing environment. We observed the timing of bud burst, flower opening, leaf senescence and leaf fall in two successive years in a common garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. in Belgium, consisting of six local and five non-local provenances. Data were processed with cumulative logistic mixed models. Strong auto-correlation was present among the spring phenophases as well as among the autumnal phenophases, with spring phenophases being negatively correlated with fall phenophases. The strongest between-provenance differentiation was found for the timing of bud burst in spring, followed by flower opening and finally by leaf senescence and leaf fall. Warmer spring temperatures in March 2017 advanced the timing of bud burst, and to a lesser extent of flower opening, in all provenances compared to 2016. However, the advancement was non-linear among the provenances, with the lower latitude provenances being relatively less early and the higher elevation provenances being more late than the local provenances in this year. It can be hypothesized that non-local provenances display larger temporal phenotypic plastic responses in the timing of their spring phenophases compared to local provenances when temperatures in the common garden deviate more from their home-sites.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/4/293; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/dcf5ec0d4efa442bb499ae6b185c94c3