المؤلفون: Zhao W; Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.; Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, China., Ren A; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Shan S; Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China., Li Z; Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China., Su R; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Yang R; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Zhai F; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Wu L; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Tang Z; Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, China., Yang J; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China., Yue L; Biological Science and Technology Colledge, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.

المصدر: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry [J Agric Food Chem] 2024 May 29; Vol. 72 (21), pp. 12130-12145. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 15.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0374755 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1520-5118 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00218561 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Agric Food Chem Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/drug effects , Colorectal Neoplasms*/prevention & control , Colorectal Neoplasms*/microbiology , Colorectal Neoplasms*/metabolism , Setaria Plant*/chemistry , Dietary Fiber*/metabolism , Dietary Fiber*/pharmacology , Bacteria*/classification , Bacteria*/isolation & purification , Bacteria*/genetics , Bacteria*/drug effects , Bacteria*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Extracts/administration & dosage ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Azoxymethane ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

مستخلص: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor that occurs in the colon. Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CRC. Our previous studies showed that the soluble dietary fiber of foxtail millet (FMB-SDF) exhibited significant antitumor activity in vitro. The present study evaluated the anticancer potential of FMB-SDF in the azoxymethane (AOM)- and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse CRC models. The results showed that FMB-SDF could significantly alleviate colon cancer symptoms in mice. Further, we found that FMB-SDF consumption significantly altered gut microbiota diversity and the overall structure and regulated the abundance of some microorganisms in CRC mice. Meanwhile, KEGG pathway enrichment showed that FMB-SDF can also alleviate the occurrence of colon cancer in mice by regulating certain cancer-related signaling pathways. In conclusion, our findings may provide a novel approach for the prevention and biotherapy of CRC.

المؤلفون: Jin Q; Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States., Feng Y; Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Cabana-Puig X; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Chau TN; School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Difulvio R; Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Yu D; Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Hu A; Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Li S; School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Luo XM; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Ogejo J; Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Lin F; Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States., Huang H; Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States. Electronic address: huang151@vt.edu.

المصدر: Food chemistry [Food Chem] 2024 Jul 15; Vol. 446, pp. 138815. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 22.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7702639 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-7072 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03088146 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Dietary Fiber*/analysis , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*, Animals ; Swine ; Zea mays/chemistry ; Alkalies ; Sodium Hydroxide ; Animal Feed/analysis ; Feces/chemistry ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis ; Water/analysis ; Fermentation

مستخلص: In this study, we developed a process combining dilute alkali (NaOH or NaHCO 3 ) and physical (disk milling and/or ball milling) treatments to improve the functionality and fermentability of corn fiber. The results showed that combining chemical with physical processes greatly improved the functionality and fermentability of corn fiber. Corn fiber treated with NaOH followed by disk milling (NaOH-DM-CF) had the highest water retention (19.5 g/g), water swelling (38.8 mL/g), and oil holding (15.5 g/g) capacities. Moreover, NaOH-DM-CF produced the largest amount (42.9 mM) of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) during the 24-hr in vitro fermentation using porcine fecal inoculum. In addition, in vitro fermentation of NaOH-DM-CF led to a targeted microbial shifting to Prevotella (genus level), aligning with a higher fraction of propionic acid. The outstanding functionality and fermentability of NaOH-DM-CF were attributed to its thin and loose structure, decreased ester linkages and acetyl groups, and enriched structural carbohydrate exposure.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Tian XY; Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China., Liu JF; College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China., Cheng Z; Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China., Wu NN; Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: wnn@ags.ac.cn., Tan B; Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: tb@ags.ac.cn.

المصدر: Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) [Food Res Int] 2024 Jul; Vol. 187, pp. 114310. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Published on behalf of the Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology by Elsevier Applied Science Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9210143 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-7145 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09639969 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Oryza*/chemistry , Steam* , Dietary Fiber*/analysis , Particle Size* , Pressure*, Food Handling/methods ; Solubility ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Hot Temperature ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning

مستخلص: Rice bran was modified by steam explosion (SE) treatment to investigate the impact of different steam pressure (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0 MPa) with rice bran through 60 mesh and rice bran pulverization (60, 80, and 100 mesh) with the steam pressure of 1.2 MPa on the structure, thermal stability, physicochemical and functional characteristics of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) extracted from rice bran. IDF with SE treatment from scanning electron microscopy images showed a porous honeycomb structure, and lamellar shape in IDF became obvious with the increase of steam pressure. The relative crystallinity and polymerization degree of crystalline regions in IDF from rice bran with SE treatment from X-ray diffraction analysis were decreased. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that thermal stability of IDF with SE treatment increased with the increase of crushing degree. The results of FT-IR also suggested that some glycosidic and hydrogen bonds in IDF could be broken, and some cellulose and hemicellulose were degraded during SE process. The physicochemical and functional characteristics of IDF, including water-holding capacity, oil-holding, glucose adsorption capacity, α-amylase and pancreatic lipase inhibition capacity were decreased with the increase of steam pressure and crushing degree. The swelling and nitrite adsorption capacities of IDF were increased first and then decreased with the increase of steam pressure. The physicochemical and functional characteristics of IDF from rice bran were improved after SE treatment, which might provide references for the utilization of IDF from rice bran with SE treatment.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Jama HA; Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (H.A.J., M.S., F.Z.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Snelson M; Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (H.A.J., M.S., F.Z.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Victorian Heart Institute (M.S., F.Z.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Schutte AE; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (A.E.S.).; George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia (A.E.S.).; Hypertension in Africa Research Team, MRC Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa (A.E.S.)., Muir J; Department of Gastroenterology, School of Translational Medicine (J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Marques FZ; Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (H.A.J., M.S., F.Z.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Victorian Heart Institute (M.S., F.Z.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (F.Z.M.).

المصدر: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) [Hypertension] 2024 Jul; Vol. 81 (7), pp. 1450-1459. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 08.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7906255 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1524-4563 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0194911X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hypertension Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Blood Pressure*/physiology , Blood Pressure*/drug effects , Dietary Fiber*/administration & dosage , Hypertension*/diet therapy , Hypertension*/prevention & control , Hypertension*/physiopathology, Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Life Style ; Male ; Female ; Adult

مستخلص: According to several international, regional, and national guidelines on hypertension, lifestyle interventions are the first-line treatment to lower blood pressure (BP). Although diet is one of the major lifestyle modifications described in hypertension guidelines, dietary fiber is not specified. Suboptimal intake of foods high in fiber, such as in Westernized diets, is a major contributing factor to mortality and morbidity of noncommunicable diseases due to higher BP and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we address this deficiency by examining and advocating for the incorporation of dietary fiber as a key lifestyle modification to manage elevated BP. We explain what dietary fiber is, review the existing literature that supports its use to lower BP and prevent cardiovascular disease, describe the mechanisms involved, propose evidence-based target levels of fiber intake, provide examples of how patients can achieve the recommended targets, and discuss outstanding questions in the field. According to the evidence reviewed here, the minimum daily dietary fiber for adults with hypertension should be >28 g/day for women and >38 g/day for men, with each extra 5 g/day estimated to reduce systolic BP by 2.8 mm Hg and diastolic BP by 2.1 mm Hg. This would support a healthy gut microbiota and the production of gut microbiota-derived metabolites called short-chain fatty acids that lower BP. Awareness about dietary fiber targets and how to achieve them will guide medical teams on better educating patients and empowering them to increase their fiber intake and, as a result, lower their BP and cardiovascular disease risk.
Competing Interests: Disclosures J. Muir works in a department that financially benefits from the sales of a digital application, booklets, cookbooks, online courses, and a food certification program on the low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet. Funds raised from these activities contribute to the research of the Department of Gastroenterology and Monash University. The salary of J. Muir is now 100% paid by these commercial activities. The other authors report no conflicts.

المؤلفون: Luo C; Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.; College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China., Duan J; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Zhong R; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Liu L; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Gao Q; Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Liu X; Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China., Chen L; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Zhang H; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

المصدر: Journal of the science of food and agriculture [J Sci Food Agric] 2024 Jul; Vol. 104 (9), pp. 5296-5304. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376334 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0010 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00225142 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Sci Food Agric Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Fermentation* , Dietary Fiber*/metabolism , Dietary Fiber*/analysis , Feces*/microbiology , Bacteria*/metabolism , Bacteria*/classification , Bacteria*/genetics , Bacteria*/isolation & purification , Fatty Acids, Volatile*/metabolism , Animal Feed*/analysis , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*, Animals ; Swine ; Zea mays/chemistry ; Zea mays/metabolism ; Beta vulgaris/chemistry ; Beta vulgaris/metabolism ; Beta vulgaris/microbiology ; Medicago sativa/chemistry ; Medicago sativa/metabolism ; Medicago sativa/microbiology ; Oryza/metabolism ; Oryza/chemistry ; Oryza/microbiology

مستخلص: Background: Dietary fibers with varying physicochemical properties have different fermentation characteristics, which may differently impact host health. The present study aimed to determine the fermentation characteristics including gas production kinetics, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and microbial composition of different fibrous ingredients using in vitro fermentation by fecal microbiota.
Results: Sugar beet pule (SBP), wheat bran (WB), dried corn distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), rice bran (RB) and alfalfa meal (AM) were selected to fermentation in vitro for 36 h. The results showed that SBP had the greatest gas production. SBP had the highest in vitro dry matter fermentability (IVDMF) and production of acetate, propionate and total SCFAs, followed by WB, which were all greater than DDGS, AM and RB. The alpha-diversity was higher in the DDGS, AM and RB groups than in the WB and SBP groups. Differences in microbial community composition were observed among groups. The relative abundance of Treponema was highest in WB group. RB group showed lower Prevotella abundance than other groups but had higher Succinivibrio abundance. Interestingly, the Lactobacillus reached the highest abundances in the DDGS group. Correlation analysis indicated that the relative abundance of Treponema and Prevotella was positively associated with the gas production, IVDMF and SCFAs, whereas norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Lysinibacillus and Succinivibrio were the opposite.
Conclusion: Collectively, WB and SBP were fermented rapidly by fecal microbiota compared to DDGS, AM and RB. Different fiber sources have different fiber compositions and fermentation properties that affect the microbial compositins and SCFAs production. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.)

المؤلفون: Liu Z; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Dai J; School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Liu R; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Shen Z; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Huang A; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Huang Y; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Wang L; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Chen P; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Zhou Z; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Xiao H; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA., Chen X; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China., Yang X; School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.

المصدر: Journal of the science of food and agriculture [J Sci Food Agric] 2024 Jul; Vol. 104 (9), pp. 5462-5473. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376334 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0010 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00225142 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Sci Food Agric Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Mice, Inbred C57BL* , Gastrointestinal Microbiome* , Dietary Fiber*/metabolism , Diet, High-Fat*/adverse effects , Obesity*/metabolism , Obesity*/diet therapy , Obesity*/microbiology , Liver*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Male ; Humans ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Bacteria/genetics ; Fatty Liver/prevention & control ; Fatty Liver/metabolism ; Fatty Liver/etiology ; Avena/chemistry ; Daucus carota/chemistry

مستخلص: Background: Obesity has been demonstrated as a risk factor that seriously affects health. Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), as a major component of dietary fiber, has positive effects on obesity, inflammation and diabetes.
Results: In this study, complex IDF was prepared using 50% enoki mushroom IDF, 40% carrot IDF, and 10% oat IDF. The effects and potential mechanism of complex IDF on obesity were investigated in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. The results showed that feeding diets containing 5% complex IDF for 8 weeks significantly reduced mouse body weight, epididymal lipid index, and ectopic fat deposition, and improved mouse liver lipotoxicity (reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase), fatty liver, and short-chain fatty acid composition. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and analysis of fecal metabolomics showed that the intervention with complex IDF reversed the high-fat-diet-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which is associated with obesity and intestinal inflammation, and affected metabolic pathways, such as primary bile acid biosynthesis, related to fat digestion and absorption.
Conclusion: Composite IDF intervention can effectively inhibit high-fat-diet-induced obesity and related symptoms and affect the gut microbiota and related metabolic pathways in obesity. Complex IDF has potential value in the prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.)

المؤلفون: Ma M; Agronomy of Food Science and Technology, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, P.R. China.; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Li Y; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., He Y; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Li D; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Niu H; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Sun M; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Miao X; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Su Y; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Zhang H; Agronomy of Food Science and Technology, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, P.R. China., Hua M; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China., Wang J; Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China.

المصدر: Journal of microbiology and biotechnology [J Microbiol Biotechnol] 2024 Jun 28; Vol. 34 (6), pp. 1287-1298. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 10.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology Country of Publication: Korea (South) NLM ID: 9431852 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1738-8872 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10177825 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Microbiol Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/drug effects , Toll-Like Receptor 4*/metabolism , NF-kappa B*/metabolism , Dietary Fiber*/pharmacology , Panax*/chemistry , Colitis, Ulcerative*/microbiology , Lipopolysaccharides*/metabolism , Bacillus*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Male ; Signal Transduction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Colon/microbiology ; Colon/metabolism ; Colon/pathology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Probiotics/administration & dosage ; Probiotics/pharmacology ; Dextran Sulfate ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology

مستخلص: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is currently difficult to treat effectively. Both Bacillus natto (BN) and ginseng-soluble dietary fiber (GSDF) are anti-inflammatory and helps sustain the intestinal barrier. In this study, the protective effects and mechanism of the combination of B. natto JLCC513 and ginseng-soluble dietary fiber (BG) in DSS-induced UC mice were investigated. Intervention with BG worked better than taking BN or GSDF separately, as evidenced by improved disease activity index, colon length, and colon injury and significantly reduced the levels of oxidative and inflammatory factors (LPS, ILs, and TNF-α) in UC mice. Further mechanistic study revealed that BG protected the intestinal barrier integrity by maintaining the tight junction proteins (Occludin and Claudin1) and inhibited the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway in UC mice. In addition, BG increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Turicibacter and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Allobaculum in the gut microbiota of UC mice. BG also significantly upregulated genes related to linoleic acid metabolism in the gut microbiota. These BG-induced changes in the gut microbiota of mice with UC were significantly correlated with changes in pathological indices. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that BG exerts protective effect against UC by regulating the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the structure and metabolic function of gut microbiota. Thus, BG can be potentially used in intestinal health foods to treat UC.

المؤلفون: Jegatheesan T; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada., Moorthy AS; Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Department of Forensic Science, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, K9L 0G2, ON, Canada., Eberl HJ; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada. Electronic address: heberl@uoguelph.ca.

المصدر: Journal of theoretical biology [J Theor Biol] 2024 Jun 21; Vol. 587, pp. 111824. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 10.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376342 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-8541 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00225193 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Theor Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Mucins*/metabolism , Dietary Fiber*/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/physiology , Mucus*/metabolism , Models, Biological*, Humans ; Colon/metabolism ; Colon/microbiology ; Polysaccharides/metabolism

مستخلص: The human gut microbiota relies on complex carbohydrates (glycans) for energy and growth, primarily dietary fiber and host-derived mucins. We introduce a mathematical model of a glycan generalist and a mucin specialist in a two-compartment chemostat model of the human colon. Our objective is to characterize the influence of dietary fiber and mucin supply on the abundance of mucin-degrading species within the gut ecosystem. Current mathematical gut reactor models that include the enzymatic degradation of glycans do not differentiate between glycan types and their degraders. The model we present distinguishes between a generalist that can degrade both dietary fiber and mucin, and a specialist species that can only degrade mucin. The integrity of the colonic mucus barrier is essential for overall human health and well-being, with the mucin specialist Akkermanisa muciniphila being associated with a healthy mucus layer. Competition, particularly between the specialist and generalists like Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, may lead to mucus layer erosion, especially during periods of dietary fiber deprivation. Our model treats the colon as a gut reactor system, dividing it into two compartments that represent the lumen and the mucus of the gut, resulting in a complex system of ordinary differential equations with a large and uncertain parameter space. To understand the influence of model parameters on long-term behavior, we employ a random forest classifier, a supervised machine learning method. Additionally, a variance-based sensitivity analysis is utilized to determine the sensitivity of steady-state values to changes in model parameter inputs. By constructing this model, we can investigate the underlying mechanisms that control gut microbiota composition and function, free from confounding factors.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Rodriguez CI; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA., Isobe K; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China., Martiny JBH; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.

المصدر: MSystems [mSystems] 2024 Jun 18; Vol. 9 (6), pp. e0013324. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101680636 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2379-5077 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23795077 NLM ISO Abbreviation: mSystems Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Dietary Fiber*/administration & dosage , Dietary Fiber*/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/physiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S*/genetics, Humans ; Feces/microbiology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny

مستخلص: The composition of the human gut microbiome varies tremendously among individuals, making the effects of dietary or treatment interventions difficult to detect and characterize. The consumption of fiber is important for gut health, yet the specific effects of increased fiber intake on the gut microbiome vary across studies. The variation in study outcomes might be due to inter-individual (or inter-population) variation or to the details of the interventions including the types of fiber, length of study, size of cohort, and molecular approaches. Thus, to identify generally (on average) consistent fiber-induced responses in the gut microbiome of healthy individuals, we re-analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing data from 21 dietary fiber interventions from 12 human studies, which included 2,564 fecal samples from 538 subjects across all interventions. Short-term increases in dietary fiber consumption resulted in highly consistent gut bacterial community responses across studies. Increased fiber consumption explained an average of 1.5% of compositional variation (vs 82% of variation attributed to the individual), reduced alpha-diversity, and resulted in phylogenetically conserved responses in relative abundances among bacterial taxa. Additionally, we identified bacterial clades, at approximately the genus level, that were highly consistent in their response (on average, increasing or decreasing in their relative abundance) to dietary fiber interventions across the studies.
Importance: Our study is an example of the power of synthesizing and reanalyzing 16S rRNA microbiome data from many intervention studies. Despite high inter-individual variation of the composition of the human gut microbiome, dietary fiber interventions cause a consistent response both in the degree of change and the particular taxa that respond to increased fiber.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

المؤلفون: Takahashi F; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Hashimoto Y; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan.; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi 570-8540, Japan., Kaji A; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Sakai R; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Kawate Y; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Kondo Y; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Okamura T; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Nakanishi N; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Majima S; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Osaka T; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Okada H; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Senmaru T; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Ushigome E; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Asano M; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Hamaguchi M; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Yamazaki M; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan., Sato E; Department of Nursing, Ashikaga University, Ashikaga 326-0808, Japan., Fukui M; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto 621-8585, Japan.

المصدر: Endocrine journal [Endocr J] 2024 Jun 18; Vol. 71 (6), pp. 583-592. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Japan Endocrine Society Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 9313485 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1348-4540 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09188959 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Endocr J Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/psychology , Dietary Fiber*/administration & dosage , Quality of Life*, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Diet, Diabetic ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis ; Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism ; Diet ; Patient Satisfaction

مستخلص: Diet therapy is one of the most important treatments for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, dietary restrictions due to diet therapy may reduce quality of life (QOL). This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between diabetes diet-related QOL and dietary fiber intake in 238 people with T2D. The Diabetes Diet-related Quality of Life-Revised version (DDRQOL-9-R) and the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire were used to evaluate diabetes diet-related QOL and nutritional intake, respectively. Higher scores of each DDRQOL-9-R subscale means greater satisfaction with diet, perceived merits of diet therapy, and lower burden of diet therapy, which indicates good QOL. The median scores for perceived merits of diet therapy, satisfaction with diet, and burden of diet therapy were 58.3 [41.7-75.0], 75.0 [66.7-91.7], and 66.7 [50.0-75.0] points, respectively. HbA1c levels in people with high perceived merits of diet therapy (7.3 [6.7-7.8] vs. 7.5 [7.1-8.2] %, p = 0.007) and people with high satisfaction with diet (7.3 [6.8-7.8] vs. 7.5 [7.1-8.4] %, p = 0.010) were lower than those without. Dietary fiber intake was higher in people with high perceived merits of diet therapy (11.6 [8.8-16.7] vs. 10.0 [7.9-13.8] g/day, p = 0.010), high satisfaction with diet (11.4 [8.8-16.1] vs. 9.7 [7.8-13.2] g/day, p = 0.007), and low burden of diet therapy (11.8 [8.7-16.5] vs. 9.7 [7.8-12.6] g/day, p = 0.004) than in those without. Dietary fiber intake was related to perceived merits of diet therapy (Odds ratio [OR]1.07 [95%CI: 1.00-1.15], p = 0.049), burden of diet therapy (OR 0.90 [95%CI: 0.82-0.98], p = 0.022), and satisfaction with diet (OR 1.18 [95%CI: 1.09-1.27], p < 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. Dietary fiber intake is associated with diabetes diet-related QOL in people with T2D.