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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Inaki Tirados, Andrew Hope, Richard Selby, Fabrice Mpembele, Erick Mwamba Miaka, Marleen Boelaert, Mike J Lehane, Steve J Torr, Michelle C Stanton
المصدر: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e0008270 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
الوصف: Over the past 20 years there has been a >95% reduction in the number of Gambian Human African trypanosomiasis (g-HAT) cases reported globally, largely as a result of large-scale active screening and treatment programmes. There are however still foci where the disease persists, particularly in parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Additional control efforts such as tsetse control using Tiny Targets may therefore be required to achieve g-HAT elimination goals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Tiny Targets within DRC. In 2015-2017, pre- and post-intervention tsetse abundance data were collected from 1,234 locations across three neighbouring Health Zones (Yasa Bonga, Mosango, Masi Manimba). Remotely sensed dry season data were combined with pre-intervention tsetse presence/absence data from 332 locations within a species distribution modelling framework to produce a habitat suitability map. The impact of Tiny Targets on the tsetse population was then evaluated by fitting a generalised linear mixed model to the relative fly abundance data collected from 889 post-intervention monitoring sites within Yasa Bonga, with habitat suitability, proximity to the intervention and intervention duration as covariates. Immediately following the introduction of the intervention, we observe a dramatic reduction in fly catches by > 85% (pre-intervention: 0.78 flies/trap/day, 95% CI 0.676-0.900; 3 month post-intervention: 0.11 flies/trap/day, 95% CI 0.070-0.153) which is sustained throughout the study period. Declines in catches were negatively associated with proximity to Tiny Targets, and while habitat suitability is positively associated with abundance its influence is reduced in the presence of the intervention. This study adds to the body of evidence demonstrating the impact of Tiny Targets on tsetse across a range of ecological settings, and further characterises the factors which modify its impact. The habitat suitability maps have the potential to guide the expansion of tsetse control activities in this area.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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المؤلفون: Anne Geiger, Veerle Lejon, Yvon Andjingbopou, Diabakana Philémon Mansinsa, Emile Zola Manzambi, Fabrice Mpembelé, Pascal Grébaut
المساهمون: Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatides (UMR INTERTRYP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
المصدر: Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Elsevier, 2020, 77, pp.104095-. ⟨10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104095⟩
Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2020, 77, pp.104095-. ⟨10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104095⟩مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Apparent density, Animal reservoir, Trypanosoma, Kinshasa, Tsetse Flies, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, 030106 microbiology, Zoology, Biology, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Trypanosomiasis, Genetics, South east, medicine, Prevalence, Animals, African trypanosomiasis, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, One health, Disease Reservoirs, Tsetse fly, fungi, DNA, Protozoan, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Molecular analysis, Gastrointestinal Tract, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Human African Trypanosomosis, Glossina
, Xenomonitoring الوصف: Even if the number of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) cases from Kinshasa province in DRC is going towards elimination for the last decade, cases still occur in the periphery of the city. The diagnosis of 21 cases in the south periphery of Kinshasa, between 2015 and 2017 gives evidence of the existence of an active focus in this area. Here, we present the results of a punctual entomological survey that was realized in july 2014 in the outskirts of the southeast of Kinshasa. Using pyramidal traps, we caught tsetse flies during 2 days, dissecting the fresh ones for further molecular analysis. The average Apparent Density of flies per Trap and per Day was three with a maximum of 5.6 flies in Nganda PIO. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the midguts provided evidence of a high prevalence (57.2%) of infected flies. Ninety three percent of the trypanosomes that were identified belonged to the Nanomonas species, but Trypanozoon trypanosomes were also present in 24% of the infected flies, including mixed infections with Nanomonas, including 3 flies carrying Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the human pathogen of trypanosomiasis. These results show that at the time of the field's study there was an active reservoir of trypanosomes, closed to pigsties, knowing that pig is a potential animal reservoir. It also demonstrates that xenomonitoring using the entomological approach can be an efficient tool for monitoring sleeping sickness. Finally, results are discussed in the frame of WHO's HAT elimination project. Regarding Kinshasa, it points out the need of regular epidemiologic surveys.
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