المؤلفون: Menon, Katherine N. (ORCID 0000-0001-8398-4831), Hoon-Starr, Michelle, Shilton, Katie (ORCID 0000-0003-1816-6140), Hoover, Eric C. (ORCID 0000-0002-1187-9925)

المصدر: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Feb 2023 66(2):750-764.

Peer Reviewed: Y

Page Count: 15

Sponsoring Agency: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) (DHHS/NIH)

Descriptors: Hearing Impairments, Health Services, Access to Health Care, Best Practices, Values, Self Efficacy, Allied Health Personnel, Responsibility, Program Effectiveness, Social Values, Assistive Technology, Audiology

مستخلص: Purpose: Untreated hearing loss is a significant public health issue affecting the quality of life of millions of Americans. Barriers to treatment invite novel and innovation solutions, but as these solutions create new treatment delivery models, they also may--purposefully or accidentally--challenge the values of the field. Method: Value-sensitive design methodology is used in this study to identify the values in current hearing health care service delivery. We performed qualitative content analysis of questionnaires, clinical practice guidelines, and professional ethics documents that represent the intended and enacted values in audiology. Results: The result is a comprehensive list of values that can be used as a structured codebook for systematic textual analysis of materials representing current best practices in the provision of hearing health care services. A secondary result is an analysis of the relative importance of values in audiology, inferred from the frequency of references to each value. Conclusions: Subjective benefit, professional duties, and self-efficacy were the core values identified in the current provision of audiologic care, and these values should be central to considerations for new hearing health care models and technologies.

Abstractor: As Provided

المؤلفون: Palandrani, Katherine N, Hoover, Eric C, Stavropoulos, Trevor, Seitz, Aaron R, Isarangura, Sittiprapa, Gallun, Frederick J, Eddins, David A

المصدر: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 150(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Acoustics

الوصف: Frequency modulation (FM) detection at low modulation frequencies is commonly used as an index of temporal fine-structure processing. The present study evaluated the rate of improvement in monaural and dichotic FM across a range of test parameters. In experiment I, dichotic and monaural FM detection was measured as a function of duration and modulator starting phase. Dichotic FM thresholds were lower than monaural FM thresholds and the modulator starting phase had no effect on detection. Experiment II measured monaural FM detection for signals that differed in modulation rate and duration such that the improvement with duration in seconds (carrier) or cycles (modulator) was compared. Monaural FM detection improved monotonically with the number of modulation cycles, suggesting that the modulator is extracted prior to detection. Experiment III measured dichotic FM detection for shorter signal durations to test the hypothesis that dichotic FM relies primarily on the signal onset. The rate of improvement decreased as duration increased, which is consistent with the use of primarily onset cues for the detection of dichotic FM. These results establish that improvement with duration occurs as a function of the modulation cycles at a rate consistent with the independent-samples model for monaural FM, but later cycles contribute less to detection in dichotic FM.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18z2c2h6

المؤلفون: Stavropoulos, Trevor A, Isarangura, Sittiprapa, Hoover, Eric C, Eddins, David A, Seitz, Aaron R, Gallun, Frederick J

المصدر: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 149(3)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Acoustics

الوصف: Traditionally, real-time generation of spectro-temporally modulated noise has been performed on a linear amplitude scale, partially due to computational constraints. Experiments often require modulation that is sinusoidal on a logarithmic amplitude scale as a result of the many perceptual and physiological measures which scale linearly with exponential changes in the signal magnitude. A method is presented for computing exponential spectro-temporal modulation, showing that it can be expressed analytically as a sum over linearly offset sidebands with component amplitudes equal to the values of the modified Bessel function of the first kind. This approach greatly improves the efficiency and precision of stimulus generation over current methods, facilitating real-time generation for a broad range of carrier and envelope signals.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79b1k0k3

المؤلفون: Lelo de Larrea-Mancera, E Sebastian, Stavropoulos, Trevor, Hoover, Eric C, Eddins, David A, Gallun, Frederick J, Seitz, Aaron R

المصدر: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 148(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Acoustics

الوصف: This study aims to determine the degree to which Portable Automated Rapid Testing (PART), a freely available program running on a tablet computer, is capable of reproducing standard laboratory results. Undergraduate students were assigned to one of three within-subject conditions that examined repeatability of performance on a battery of psychoacoustical tests of temporal fine structure processing, spectro-temporal amplitude modulation, and targets in competition. The repeatability condition examined test/retest with the same system, the headphones condition examined the effects of varying headphones (passive and active noise-attenuating), and the noise condition examined repeatability in the presence of recorded cafeteria noise. In general, performance on the test battery showed high repeatability, even across manipulated conditions, and was similar to that reported in the literature. These data serve as validation that suprathreshold psychoacoustical tests can be made accessible to run on consumer-grade hardware and perform in less controlled settings. This dataset also provides a distribution of thresholds that can be used as a normative baseline against which auditory dysfunction can be identified in future work.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2082k86s

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المؤلفون: Gallun, Frederick J, Seitz, Aaron, Eddins, David A, Molis, Michelle R, Stavropoulos, Trevor, Jakien, Kasey M, Kampel, Sean D, Diedesch, Anna C, Hoover, Eric C, Bell, Karen, Souza, Pamela E, Sherman, Melissa, Calandruccio, Lauren, Xue, Gretchen, Taleb, Nardine, Sebena, Rene, Srinivasan, Nirmal

المصدر: Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics. 33(1)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Clinical Research, Bioengineering, Ear

الوصف: The current state of consumer-grade electronics means that researchers, clinicians, students, and members of the general public across the globe can create high-quality auditory stimuli using tablet computers, built-in sound hardware, and calibrated consumer-grade headphones. Our laboratories have created a free application that supports this work: PART (Portable Automated Rapid Testing). PART has implemented a range of psychoacoustical tasks including: spatial release from speech-on-speech masking, binaural sensitivity, gap discrimination, temporal modulation, spectral modulation, and spectrotemporal modulation (STM). Here, data from the spatial release and STM tasks are presented. Data were collected across the globe on tablet computers using applications available for free download, built-in sound hardware, and calibrated consumer-grade headphones. Spatial release results were as good or better than those obtained with standard laboratory methods. Spectrotemporal modulation thresholds were obtained rapidly and, for younger normal hearing listeners, were also as good or better than those in the literature. For older hearing impaired listeners, rapid testing resulted in similar thresholds to those reported in the literature. Listeners at five different testing sites produced very similar STM thresholds, despite a variety of testing conditions and calibration routines. Download Spatial Release, PART, and Listen: An Auditory Training Experience for free at https://bgc.ucr.edu/games/.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fs723kk

المؤلفون: Hoover, Eric C., Kinney, Brianna N., Bell, Karen L., Gallun, Frederick J., Eddins, David A.

المصدر: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Jun 2019 62(6):2018-2034.

Peer Reviewed: Y

Page Count: 17

Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Cues, Auditory Tests, Auditory Perception, Comparative Analysis, Hearing (Physiology), Auditory Discrimination, Acoustics, Correlation, Task Analysis, Efficiency

مستخلص: Purpose: Growing evidence supports the inclusion of perceptual tests that quantify the processing of temporal fine structure (TFS) in clinical hearing assessment. Many tasks have been used to evaluate TFS in the laboratory that vary greatly in the stimuli used and whether the judgments require monaural or binaural comparisons of TFS. The purpose of this study was to compare laboratory measures of TFS for inclusion in a battery of suprathreshold auditory tests. A subset of available TFS tasks were selected on the basis of potential clinical utility and were evaluated using metrics that focus on characteristics important for clinical use. Method: TFS measures were implemented in replication of studies that demonstrated clinical utility. Monaural, diotic, and dichotic measures were evaluated in 11 young listeners with normal hearing. Measures included frequency modulation (FM) tasks, harmonic frequency shift detection, interaural phase difference (TFS-low frequency), interaural time difference (ITD), monaural gap duration discrimination, and tone detection in noise with and without a difference in interaural phase (N[subscript 0]S[subscript 0], N[subscript 0]S[subscript Pi]). Data were compared with published results and evaluated with metrics of consistency and efficiency. Results: Thresholds obtained were consistent with published data. There was no evidence of predictive relationships among the measures consistent with a homogenous group. The most stable tasks across repeated testing were TFS-low frequency, diotic and dichotic FM, and N[subscript 0]S[subscript Pi]. Monaural and diotic FM had the lowest normalized variance and were the most efficient accounting for differences in total test duration, followed by ITD. Conclusions: Despite a long stimulus duration, FM tasks dominated comparisons of consistency and efficiency. Small differences separated the dichotic tasks FM, ITD, and N[subscript 0]S[subscript Pi]. Future comparisons following procedural optimization of the tasks will evaluate clinical efficiency in populations with impairment.

Abstractor: As Provided

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المؤلفون: Hoover, Eric

المصدر: Chronicle of Higher Education; 4/26/2024, p1-21, 21p, 7 Color Photographs

مصطلحات موضوعية: STUDENTS, ANXIETY, FINANCIAL aid, HIGHER education

الشركة/الكيان: SPELMAN College

مستخلص: The article presents the discussion on struggles faced by students at the Brooklyn Emerging Leaders Academy, highlighting their anxieties and determination as they await financial aid offers amidst the ongoing FAFSA crisis. Topics include emotional impact of financial uncertainty on students, the systemic challenges in accessing higher education funding, and the personal aspirations of students like Taylor Browne-Fandal, who dreams of attending Spelman College.

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