المؤلفون: Sakamoto S; Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan., Suzuki Y; Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan., Katsuki R; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan., Yamakawa I; Faculty of Contemporary Sociology, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Japan., Kato TA; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

المصدر: Psychology, health & medicine [Psychol Health Med] 2024 Jun; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 998-1010. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Routledge Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9604099 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1465-3966 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13548506 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Psychol Health Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: COVID-19*/epidemiology , COVID-19*/psychology, Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult ; Depression/epidemiology ; Help-Seeking Behavior ; Unemployment/statistics & numerical data ; Unemployment/psychology

مستخلص: Japan witnessed the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in March - May 2020. We examined whether the impact of COVID-19 on people seeking help from mental and physical health professionals varied with changes in employment (from full-time employment to unemployment or leave of absence) and psychological predisposition to new-type depression (Interpersonal Sensitivity [IS]/Privileged Self [PS]) associated with the pandemic. An online survey was conducted in June 2020 (after the outbreak of COVID-19) among people who were full-time employees as of April 2019. Data from 1,053 individuals were analyzed. The survey asked about regular visits to health professionals one year prior to the survey (June 2019) and at the time of the survey. Employment status, personality traits, and demographic characteristics were also examined. We found that consultation rates changed little before and after the pandemic. Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for age and gender, being unemployed or absent from work after the pandemic and having higher scores for IS/PS were positively associated with regular visits to health professionals. Considering that COVID-19 has been shown to increase the incidence of physical and mental illness, the finding that the rate of consultations remained unchanged implies that consultations were withheld. Joblessness/absence from work and IS/PS had negative effects on physical and mental health, leading to fewer visits.

المؤلفون: Supakul S; Graduate School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. sopaksupakul@gmail.com.; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. sopaksupakul@gmail.com., Yoshida M; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Kosaka M; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Murayama A; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Tani Y; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Bhandari D; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Ozaki A; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Breast Surgery, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan., Tanimoto T; Medical Governance Research Institute, 2-12-13-201 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Navitas Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.

المصدر: Journal of immigrant and minority health [J Immigr Minor Health] 2024 Jun; Vol. 26 (3), pp. 517-526. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 20.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101256527 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-1920 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15571912 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Immigr Minor Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Health Services Accessibility*, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Adult ; Japan/ethnology ; Aged ; Vulnerable Populations ; Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data ; Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data ; Insurance Coverage/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Chronic Disease ; Southeast Asian People

مستخلص: In Japan, a considerable number of foreigners encounter challenges in accessing appropriate healthcare services due to the lack of insurance coverage. However, the absence of a public database on these individuals makes it difficult to assess their health problems and healthcare access status. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of vulnerable Thai patients in Japan and to shed light on the specific challenges they face within Japan's healthcare system. A retrospective analysis was conducted using records of patients who required emergency healthcare support from the Royal Thai Embassy in Tokyo between 2004 and 2020. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to examine the general characteristics, insurance status, and diseases of the patients. Additionally, patients were classified as either prolonged residents or brief residents based on their duration of stay in Japan until hospital admission (1 year or more or less than 1 year). A total of 74 patients were identified, with the majority (91.9%) lacking insurance coverage. Notably, there was an increase in the number of brief residents, including tourists, during the 2010s. Prolonged residents were more likely to experience chronic diseases, whereas brief residents were more prone to sustaining injuries. The patient records from the Thai Embassy consistently highlight the urgent requirement for emergency healthcare support within this population. However, the existing policies in Japan fall short in adequately addressing the healthcare access needs of this vulnerable population. Therefore, it is crucial to provide additional support and interventions to enhance their healthcare access.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

المؤلفون: Kida R; Department of Nursing Administration and Advanced Clinical Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan., Ogata Y; Department of Nursing Management and Gerontology Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan., Nagai S; Department of Nursing Management and Gerontology Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan.

المصدر: Industrial health [Ind Health] 2024 Jun 01; Vol. 62 (3), pp. 195-202. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: National Institute of Industrial Health Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 2985065R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1880-8026 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00198366 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ind Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nursing Staff, Hospital*/psychology , Nursing Staff, Hospital*/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Stress*/epidemiology , Social Support* , Workload*/psychology, Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Burnout, Professional/epidemiology ; East Asian People ; Japan/epidemiology ; Sense of Coherence ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Work Engagement ; Work-Life Balance ; Working Conditions ; Workplace/psychology

مستخلص: Supportive measures for employees raising children may have increased workloads on other nurses, causing psychological stress. This study aimed to clarify the differences in working conditions and psychological status among female Japanese nurses based on child-rearing attributes. We used data from 1,600 female nurses at 10 Japanese hospitals collected by the study of the Work Environment for Hospital Nurses in Japan conducted in 2016. The variables included work conditions (number of night shifts per month, daily overtime, number of paid holidays per year, and social support received), psychological status (sense of coherence, emotional exhaustion, and work engagement), and sociodemographic characteristics. An analysis of covariance was performed on the differences between the three groups (without children, with preschool-age children, and with children of other ages groups). The group without children had a relatively higher workload (p<0.01) and lower social support (p<0.01 and p<0.05). Additionally, they had higher emotional exhaustion and lower work engagement (p<0.01). This study confirmed the uneven distribution of work environment by work-life balance measures.

المؤلفون: Suzuki M; Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan., Harada N; Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan., Honda K; Department of Neurosurgery, Nagasaki Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Nagasaki, Japan., Koda M; Center for Health Sciences and Counseling, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan., Araki T; Department of Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Health and Environment Sciences, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, Japan., Kudo T; Department of Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Health and Environment Sciences, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, Japan., Watanabe T; Department of Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Health and Environment Sciences, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, Japan.

المصدر: International nursing review [Int Nurs Rev] 2024 Jun; Vol. 71 (2), pp. 291-298. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 15.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7808754 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1466-7657 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00208132 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int Nurs Rev Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nurse Practitioners* , Nurse's Role*, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Japan ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Middle Aged ; Certification/statistics & numerical data ; Attitude of Health Personnel

مستخلص: Aim: To investigate the distribution of nurse practitioners (NPs) across Japan and their perceived facilitators and barriers to NP implementation in Japan.
Background: NP certification examinations have been conducted in Japan since 2011, and by 2020, there were 487 NPs in the country. The momentum of NP implementation is slower in Japan compared with other countries.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, following the STROBE guidelines, was conducted. Web-based survey questionnaires, developed by the authors, were administered to 248 NPs whose email addresses were maintained by the certification management body.
Results: Valid responses were obtained from 101 NPs (response rate: 40.7%), of which 34% were male. The respondents had more than 12 years of registered nurse experience on an average before enrolling in the graduate NP program. 53% were employed as NPs from the beginning, while 25% were initially employed as registered nurses and later advanced to NPs, and 11% still worked as RNs. A majority worked in hospitals with beds. Many NPs perceived the lack of NP national licensure and reimbursement benefits as barriers to NP implementation, whereas recognition from superiors and organizations was considered facilitators.
Conclusions: Despite their small numbers in Japan, NPs take on crucial tasks and contribute to the appropriate distribution of medical resources. The NP licensure system and recognition from superiors and organizations may be necessary to promote NP roles in Japan.
Implications for Nursing and Health Policy: Some certified NPs still work as registered nurses. Recognition from nursing and organization administrators is critical to implementing NPs. To this end, a reimbursement system benefiting the organizations and a legislation facilitating NP employment are required.
(© 2022 The Authors. International Nursing Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Council of Nurses.)

المؤلفون: Kawasaki A; Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-5, Dosho-machi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8526, Japan. ak.kawasaki@ono-pharma.com., Hatake K; Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan., Matsumura I; Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan., Izutsu K; Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan., Hoshino T; Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-5, Dosho-machi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8526, Japan., Akamatsu A; Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-5, Dosho-machi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8526, Japan., Kakuuchi A; Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-5, Dosho-machi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8526, Japan., Tobinai K; Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

المصدر: International journal of hematology [Int J Hematol] 2024 Jun; Vol. 119 (6), pp. 667-676. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 23.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Observational Study

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Japan Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 9111627 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1865-3774 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09255710 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Hematol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nivolumab*/adverse effects , Nivolumab*/therapeutic use , Nivolumab*/administration & dosage , Hodgkin Disease*/drug therapy , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing*, Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Aged ; Japan/epidemiology ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use ; Young Adult

مستخلص: Nivolumab was approved for relapsed/refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in Japan in 2016. After its approval, a prospective, non-interventional, observational post-marketing surveillance was initiated to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of nivolumab treatment for up to 12 months in patients with relapsed/refractory cHL. Of 304 registered patients, 288 were included in safety analyses and 282 in effectiveness analyses. There were 191 (66.3%) male patients, median age was 64.0 years, and 54 patients (18.8%) had performance status ≥ 2. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 183 (63.5%) patients, with grade 3-5 TRAEs in 86 (29.9%). The most common TRAEs were infusion reaction (14.6%), hepatic function abnormal (5.9%), interstitial lung disease (ILD) (5.6%), and hypothyroidism (5.2%). TRAEs of special interest in ≥ 5% of patients were infusion reaction (15.6%), hepatic failure/hepatic dysfunction/hepatitis/cholangitis sclerosing (13.2%), thyroid dysfunction (9.7%), and ILD (7.3%). In multivariable analyses, prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was a risk factor for hepatic failure/hepatic dysfunction/hepatitis/cholangitis sclerosing, and prior thyroid gland disorders was a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction. The overall response rate was 61.7%. In conclusion, nivolumab showed a similar safety profile and comparable effectiveness to that reported in clinical trials for relapsed/refractory cHL (CheckMate 205, ONO-4538-15).
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Bando H; Translational Research Support Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; Division of Data Science, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: hbando@east.ncc.go.jp., Misumi T; Division of Data Science, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Sakamoto Y; Translational Research Support Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Takeda Y; Division of Data Science, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Nakamura Y; Translational Research Support Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; International Research Promotion Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Mizuguchi K; Department of Medical Information, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Aoyagi Y; Information Technology Management Section, Clinical Research Management Division, Clinical Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Miki I; Translational Research Support Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Kuroda T; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan., Kasai R; Science & Technology Intelligence Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Suzuki T; Japan and Asia Clinical Development Department, Oncology, Deep Human Biology Learning, Eisai Co., Ltd., Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Yoshino T; Translational Research Support Office, Division of Drug and Diagnostic Development Promotion, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; Division of Data Science, Department for the Promotion of Drug and Diagnostic Development, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan., Ohtsu A; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

المصدر: Clinical colorectal cancer [Clin Colorectal Cancer] 2024 Jun; Vol. 23 (2), pp. 111-117. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101120693 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1938-0674 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15330028 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Colorectal Cancer Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Databases, Factual*/statistics & numerical data, Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Registries/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Japan ; Research Design/standards

مستخلص: The extraction of data that contribute to regulatory approval from real-world data (RWD) is difficult because of the lack of a standardized data format and extraction methodology. Additionally, when real-world evidence (RWE) is used as an external control group, the similarity between internal and external control data is not evaluated. To investigate the data extraction methodology for the external control data of rare molecular subtypes, we have initiated the "REALISE" study. In this study, we aim to elucidate the "relevance" and "reliability" of RWD/RWE necessary for regulatory approval. As most databases are not designed for regulatory use in the creation phase, we will investigate retrospective methodologies to ensure RWD/RWE reliability. This study will compare the "relevance" and "reliability" of the ARCAD global database, SCRUM-Japan Registry, SCRUM-Japan observational study, and Flatiron Health RWD, and statistically analyze the differences and similarities among the four databases. We will also examine the methodology for extracting sufficiently relevant data from the SCRUM-Japan observational study. Additionally, if the reliability of the RWD/RWE does not reach the required level for regulatory approval, we will examine the methodologies to ensure the "reliability" of the SCRUM-Japan observational study for regulatory approval. The obtained results will be submitted to the "Consultation for Development of Registry" in the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, and we will discuss the standard methodology. The procedures and findings identified in the REALISE study will be organized from the perspectives of "database construction," "data analysis," and "outcome evaluation" and will be issued as "the draft guidelines."
Competing Interests: Disclosure Hideaki Bando reports research funding from Ono Pharmaceutical and honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Taiho Pharmaceutical, and Eli Lilly in Japan. Yasutoshi Sakamoto reports no conflict of interests. Toshihiro Misumi reports honoraria from Chugai, AstraZeneca, and Miyarisan. Yuriko Takeda reports no conflict of interests. Yoshiaki Nakamura reports honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Merck Biopharma, and Guardant Health AMEA and research grants from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Guardant Health, Genomedia, Daiichi Sankyo, Seagen, and Roche Diagnostics. Kazuya Mizuguchi and Yoshihiro Aoyagi reports no conflict of interests. Takayuki Yoshino reports honoraria from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Merck Biopharma, Bayer Yakuhin, Ono Pharmaceutical, and MSD and research funding from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Amgen, Parexel International, MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Genomedia, Sysmex, Nihon Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi. Atsushi Ohtsu reports research funding from BMS and honoraria from Chugai and Ono Pharmaceutical.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Kasuga Y; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Miyakoshi K; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Catholic Hospital, Tokyo, Japan., Yokoyama M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uwajima City Hospital, Uwajima, Ehime, Japan., Nakanishi S; Perinatal Center for Maternity and Neonate, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan., Iwama N; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan., Ichikawa R; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan., Abiko A; Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Japanese Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan., Harashima S; Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Goshominami Harashima Clinic, Kyoto, Japan., Sugiyama T; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.

المصدر: The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research [J Obstet Gynaecol Res] 2024 Jun; Vol. 50 (6), pp. 955-960. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 24.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley on behalf of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology] Country of Publication: Australia NLM ID: 9612761 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1447-0756 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13418076 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Obstet Gynaecol Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: COVID-19*/diagnosis , COVID-19*/epidemiology , Diabetes, Gestational*/diagnosis, Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; East Asian People ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Japan/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

مستخلص: Aim: Some concerns exist that diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be missed when the simplified diagnostic criteria of the Japanese Society of Diabetes and Pregnancy (JSDP) for GDM (published during the COVID-19 pandemic) are used. Moreover, limited data is available regarding how widespread these diagnostic criteria are used when managing GDM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how GDM diagnosis has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.
Methods: The changes in GDM diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated using an online questionnaire to 2159 obstetric facilities in Japan. The questionnaire collected data on facility type, awareness of Japanese GDM diagnostic strategies, modifications to diagnostic methods for early and late GDM, and opinions on GDM management, with the pandemic divided into seven periods.
Results: We received responses from 593 facilities (27%). Approximately 90% of the facilities did not change their diagnostic process for early GDM or late GDM (occurring after 24 weeks gestation). However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, 19 facilities discontinued the use of 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests before 24 weeks of gestation, and 17 facilities discontinued it after 24 weeks of gestation, instead using the aforementioned Japanese GDM diagnostic strategy.
Conclusions: Although a limited number of facilities modified their diagnostic method in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this study demonstrated that those that adjusted their diagnostic method primarily used the Japanese COVID-19 GDM strategy by the JSDP.
(© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)

المؤلفون: Kinoshita R; Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan., Arai S; Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan., Suzuki M; Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan., Nishiura H; Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: nishiura.hiroshi.5r@kyoto-u.ac.jp.

المصدر: Journal of infection and public health [J Infect Public Health] 2024 Jun; Vol. 17 (6), pp. 947-955. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101487384 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1876-035X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18760341 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Infect Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rubella*/epidemiology , Rubella*/prevention & control , Disease Outbreaks*, Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Young Adult ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Aged ; Risk Assessment ; Disease Susceptibility ; Immunity, Herd ; Infant, Newborn ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Spatial Analysis ; Aged, 80 and over

مستخلص: Background: Rubella remains a public health challenge in Japan, impeding the attainment of herd immunity. Despite vaccination efforts since 1976, persistent outbreaks reveal a susceptibility gap in male adults born before 1995. Seroepidemiological surveys are pivotal in evaluating population immunity and identifying at-risk groups.
Methods: This study aims to pinpoint high-risk areas for potential rubella outbreaks in Japan by merging seroepidemiological data from 2020 with population census information. Various data sources, including spatial demographic data, reported rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases, and traveler lodging statistics, were employed. Geospatial information for Japan's 230,300 small geographic areas was analyzed, and HI (hemagglutination inhibition) titers were examined by age and sex. Seroconversion was defined as an HI titer ≥ 1:32 or 1:16, indicating protective immunity. Geospatial maps illustrated the distribution of susceptible individuals per square kilometer, emphasizing high-risk urban areas like Tokyo and Osaka. Demographic shifts in the working-age population were assessed.
Results: Susceptible individuals cluster in densely populated urban centers, persisting despite demographic changes. The study highlights areas at risk of increased susceptibility, particularly with an HI titer cut-off of 1:16. Foreign travelers pose potential rubella importation risks as travel volume to Japan rises. To prevent epidemics and congenital rubella syndrome burden, achieving and sustaining herd immunity in high-risk areas is crucial.
Conclusions: This study offers a comprehensive assessment of vulnerability in densely populated Japanese regions. Integrating population statistics with seroepidemiological data enhances our understanding of population immunity, guiding resource allocation for supplementary vaccination planning. To avert rubella epidemics, high-risk locations must bolster indirect protection through herd immunity, ultimately preventing congenital rubella syndrome.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Doi A, Ota M, Saito M, Matsuyama S

المصدر: Emerging infectious diseases [Emerg Infect Dis] 2024 Jun; Vol. 30 (6), pp. 1289-1291. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 26.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9508155 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1080-6059 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10806040 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Emerg Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: SARS-CoV-2*/genetics , COVID-19*/epidemiology , COVID-19*/virology , Drug Resistance, Viral*/genetics , Antiviral Agents*/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents*/pharmacology , Mutation*, Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Indazoles ; Triazines ; Triazoles

مستخلص: Using the GISAID EpiCoV database, we identified 256 COVID-19 patients in Japan during March 31-December 31, 2023, who had mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 5 conferring ensitrelvir resistance. Ongoing genomic surveillance is required to monitor emergence of SARS-CoV-2 mutations that are resistant to anticoronaviral drugs.

المؤلفون: Ohashi K; Department of Pharmacy, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan. Electronic address: jamyway.kengo@gmail.com., Matsuoka T; Department of Pharmacy, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan., Shinoda Y; Department of Pharmacy, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan., Takahashi T; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; Department of Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan., Shikano H; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan., Kagajo M; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan., Yagi T; The Team for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya, University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan., Usami E; Department of Pharmacy, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan.

المصدر: American journal of infection control [Am J Infect Control] 2024 Jun; Vol. 52 (6), pp. 670-677. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 23.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Mosby Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8004854 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1527-3296 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01966553 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Infect Control Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Antimicrobial Stewardship*/methods , Pharmacists* , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/therapeutic use, Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Japan ; Feedback ; Female ; Male ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects

مستخلص: Background: Limited research has evaluated the long-term outcomes of prospective audit and feedback (PAF) led by pharmacists. We assessed pharmacist-led PAF processes and outcome measures over 8 years.
Methods: This study was conducted at a single public hospital in Japan. Between 2014 and 2021, pharmacists conducted weekday PAFs for hospitalized patients and annually evaluated the process and outcome measures. The endpoints included detection of drug-resistant bacteria, drug susceptibility rates, duration of antimicrobial therapy, and proportion of long-term administration.
Results: Among inpatients, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus significantly decreased from 50.9% in 2014 to 32.8% in 2021 (P < .001). The susceptibility rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to meropenem significantly increased from 91.2% in 2014 to 94.4% in 2021 (P < .001) and levofloxacin increased from 84.9% in 2014 to 89.3% in 2021 (P < .001). Antimicrobial therapy duration did not differ significantly between 2014 and 2016, but decreased significantly from 2017 onwards (P < .001), except in 2018. The number of patients receiving intravenous antimicrobials for >10 days decreased significantly between 2014 and 2021 (P < .001).
Conclusions: Long-term continuous PAF interventions by pharmacists contribute to improving and maintaining process and outcome indicators and prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.
(Copyright © 2024 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)