-
1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Colin Hawco, Lisa Buchy, Michael Bodnar, Sarah Izadi, Jennifer Dell'Elce, Katrina Messina, Ridha Joober, Ashok Malla, Martin Lepage
المصدر: NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 7, Iss C, Pp 336-346 (2015)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Source memory, Schizophrenia, Associative memory, First episode, Virtual reality, Hallucinations, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
الوصف: Source memory, the ability to identify the context in which a memory occurred, is impaired in schizophrenia and has been related to clinical symptoms such as hallucinations. The neurobiological underpinnings of this deficit are not well understood. Twenty-five patients with recent onset schizophrenia (within the first 4.5 years of treatment) and twenty-four healthy controls completed a source memory task. Participants navigated through a 3D virtual city, and had 20 encounters of an object with a person at a place. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed during a subsequent forced-choice recognition test. Two objects were presented and participants were asked to either identify which object was seen (new vs. old object recognition), or identify which of the two old objects was associated with either the person or the place being presented (source memory recognition). Source memory was examined by contrasting person or place with object. Both patients and controls demonstrated significant neural activity to source memory relative to object memory, though activity in controls was much more widespread. Group differences were observed in several regions, including the medial parietal and cingulate cortex, lateral frontal lobes and right superior temporal gyrus. Patients with schizophrenia did not differentiate between source and object memory in these regions. Positive correlations with hallucination proneness were observed in the left frontal and right middle temporal cortices and cerebellum. Patients with schizophrenia have a deficit in the neural circuits which facilitate source memory, which may underlie both the deficits in this domain and be related to auditory hallucinations.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
-
2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Timothy H. Wideman, Alice Boom, Jennifer Dell’Elce, Kate Bergeron, Janick Fugère, Xiangying Lu, Geoff Bostick, Heather C. Lambert
المصدر: Pain Research and Management, Vol 2016 (2016)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine (General), R5-920
الوصف: Chronic pain negatively impacts health, well-being, and social participation. Effective rehabilitation often hinges on long-term changes in pain-related perceptions and behaviors. However, there are important gaps in understanding how patients perceive these changes. The present pilot study addresses this gap by using qualitative and quantitative methodologies to explore how patients perceive and experience changes in function, participation, and pain-related factors following a chronic pain rehabilitation program. A mixed-method design was used in which the core method was qualitative. Descriptive quantitative data was used to further characterize the sample. Semistructured interviews were conducted 1–6 months following treatment completion. Questionnaires were administered before and after treatment and at follow-up. Interview data was analyzed thematically. Participants’ individual descriptive data was compared to established cut-scores and criteria for change. A major theme of personal growth emerged in the qualitative analysis. Participants also discussed the factors that facilitated personal growth and the ongoing challenges to this growth. The quantitative data revealed limited improvement on measures of pain, disability, catastrophizing, and depression. These findings suggest that, despite limited improvement on treatment-related questionnaires, patients can experience an important and enduring sense of personal growth. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
-
3
المؤلفون: Alice Boom, Janick Fugère, Timothy H. Wideman, Jennifer Dell'Elce, Geoff P. Bostick, Heather C. Lambert, Kate Bergeron, Xiangying Lu
المصدر: Pain Research and Management, Vol 2016 (2016)
Pain Research & Managementمصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Article Subject, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, Pilot Projects, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Perception, medicine, Humans, Pain Management, Narrative, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Pain Measurement, media_common, lcsh:R5-920, Rehabilitation, Descriptive statistics, business.industry, Catastrophization, Chronic pain, Pain Perception, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Social engagement, Personal development, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neurology, Female, Narrative Therapy, Self Report, Chronic Pain, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Clinical psychology
الوصف: Chronic pain negatively impacts health, well-being, and social participation. Effective rehabilitation often hinges on long-term changes in pain-related perceptions and behaviors. However, there are important gaps in understanding how patients perceive these changes. The present pilot study addresses this gap by using qualitative and quantitative methodologies to explore how patients perceive and experience changes in function, participation, and pain-related factors following a chronic pain rehabilitation program. A mixed-method design was used in which the core method was qualitative. Descriptive quantitative data was used to further characterize the sample. Semistructured interviews were conducted 1–6 months following treatment completion. Questionnaires were administered before and after treatment and at follow-up. Interview data was analyzed thematically. Participants’ individual descriptive data was compared to established cut-scores and criteria for change. A major theme of personal growth emerged in the qualitative analysis. Participants also discussed the factors that facilitated personal growth and the ongoing challenges to this growth. The quantitative data revealed limited improvement on measures of pain, disability, catastrophizing, and depression. These findings suggest that, despite limited improvement on treatment-related questionnaires, patients can experience an important and enduring sense of personal growth. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
وصف الملف: text/xhtml
-
4
المؤلفون: Lisa Buchy, Sarah Izadi, Colin Hawco, Michael Bodnar, Martin Lepage, Ridha Joober, Ashok Malla, Katrina Messina, Jennifer Dell'Elce
المصدر: NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 7, Iss C, Pp 336-346 (2015)
NeuroImage : Clinicalمصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Hallucinations, Cognitive Neuroscience, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Context (language use), lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Spatial memory, Virtual reality, lcsh:RC346-429, Source memory, 03 medical and health sciences, User-Computer Interface, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Memory, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Semantic memory, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, First episode, Methods used to study memory, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Associative memory, Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition, Brain, Regular Article, Recognition, Psychology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030227 psychiatry, Neurology, Schizophrenia, lcsh:R858-859.7, Female, Neurology (clinical), Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
الوصف: Source memory, the ability to identify the context in which a memory occurred, is impaired in schizophrenia and has been related to clinical symptoms such as hallucinations. The neurobiological underpinnings of this deficit are not well understood. Twenty-five patients with recent onset schizophrenia (within the first 4.5 years of treatment) and twenty-four healthy controls completed a source memory task. Participants navigated through a 3D virtual city, and had 20 encounters of an object with a person at a place. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed during a subsequent forced-choice recognition test. Two objects were presented and participants were asked to either identify which object was seen (new vs. old object recognition), or identify which of the two old objects was associated with either the person or the place being presented (source memory recognition). Source memory was examined by contrasting person or place with object. Both patients and controls demonstrated significant neural activity to source memory relative to object memory, though activity in controls was much more widespread. Group differences were observed in several regions, including the medial parietal and cingulate cortex, lateral frontal lobes and right superior temporal gyrus. Patients with schizophrenia did not differentiate between source and object memory in these regions. Positive correlations with hallucination proneness were observed in the left frontal and right middle temporal cortices and cerebellum. Patients with schizophrenia have a deficit in the neural circuits which facilitate source memory, which may underlie both the deficits in this domain and be related to auditory hallucinations.
-
5
المؤلفون: Katrina Messina, Martin Lepage, Sarah Izadi, Michael Bodnar, Lisa Buchy, Colin Hawco, Jennifer Dell'Elce
المصدر: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 68:683-691
مصطلحات موضوعية: Neural correlates of consciousness, Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, Cognition, General Medicine, behavioral disciplines and activities, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Neuroimaging, medicine, Neurology (clinical), Prefrontal cortex, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neurocognitive, Neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Recognition memory
الوصف: Aim Previous research has linked cognitive insight (a measure of self-reflectiveness and self-certainty) in psychosis with neurocognitive and neuroanatomical disturbances in the fronto-hippocampal neural network. The authors’ goal was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of cognitive insight during an external source memory paradigm in non-clinical subjects. Methods At encoding, 24 non-clinical subjects travelled through a virtual city where they came across 20 separate people, each paired with a unique object in a distinct location. fMRI data were then acquired while participants viewed images of the city, and completed source recognition memory judgments of where and with whom objects were seen, which is known to involve prefrontal cortex. Cognitive insight was assessed with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. Results External source memory was associated with neural activity in a widespread network consisting of frontal cortex, including ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), temporal and occipital cortices. Activation in VLPFC correlated with higher self-reflectiveness and activation in midbrain correlated with lower self-certainty during source memory attributions. Neither self-reflectiveness nor self-certainty significantly correlated with source memory accuracy. Conclusion By means of virtual reality and in the context of an external source memory paradigm, the study identified a preliminary functional neural basis for cognitive insight in the VLPFC in healthy people that accords with our fronto-hippocampal theoretical model as well as recent neuroimaging data in people with psychosis. The results may facilitate the understanding of the role of neural mechanisms in psychotic disorders associated with cognitive insight distortions.
-
6
المؤلفون: Ridha Joober, Jennifer Dell'Elce, Ferid Fathalli, Zia Choudhry, Lisa Buchy, Michael Bodnar, Ashok Malla, Srividya N. Iyer, Rebecca Fox, Sarojini M. Sengupta, Clifford M. Cassidy, Martin Lepage
المصدر: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 39:31-39
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Ankyrins, Male, Risk, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychosis, Adolescent, Genotyping Techniques, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Neuropsychological Tests, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, Young Adult, Gene Frequency, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Pharmacology (medical), Bipolar disorder, Allele, Allele frequency, Alleles, Biological Psychiatry, Cerebral Cortex, business.industry, Brain, Organ Size, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Research Papers, Minor allele frequency, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Female, Verbal memory, Cognition Disorders, business, Clinical psychology
الوصف: BACKGROUND The gene ANK3 is implicated in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The present study investigated the influence of this gene on cognitive performance and brain structure among individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP). The brief illness duration of an FEP sample makes it well suited for studying the effects of genetic variation. METHODS We genotyped 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1938526 and rs10994336) in ANK3 in patients with FEP. Multivariate analysis of variance compared risk allele carriers and noncarriers on 6 domains of cognition consistent with MATRICS consensus. A subsample of 82 patients was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. We compared brain structure between carriers and noncarriers using cortical thickness analysis and voxel-based morphometry on white matter. RESULTS In the 173 patients with FEP included in our study, rs1938526 and rs10994336 were in very high linkage disequilibrium (d' = 0.95), and analyses were therefore only carried out on the SNP (rs1938526) with the highest minor allele frequency (G). Allele G of rs1938526, was associated with lower cognitive performance across domains (F6,164 = 2.38, p = 0.030) and significantly lower scores on the domains of verbal memory (p = 0.015), working memory (p = 0.006) and attention (p = 0.019). The significant effects of this SNP on cognition were not maintained when controlling for IQ. Cortical thinning was observed in risk allele carriers at diverse sites across cortical lobes bilaterally at a threshold of p < 0.01, false discovery rate-corrected. Risk-allele carriers did not show any regions of reduced white matter volume. LIMITATIONS The sample size is modest given that a low-frequency variant was being examined. CONCLUSION The ANK3 risk allele rs1938526 appears to be associated with general cognitive impairment and widespread cortical thinning in patients with FEP.
-
7
المؤلفون: Jennifer Dell'Elce, Ashok Malla, Shalini Lal
المصدر: Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.). 66(7)
مصطلحات موضوعية: First episode, Adult, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Young Adult, Psychotic Disorders, Early Medical Intervention, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Smartphone, Young adult, Patient Participation, Psychology, Psychiatry, Social Media
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::04249b63942b38480bf079951e2b6ffc
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26130154 -
8
المؤلفون: Natasha Tucci, Jennifer Dell'Elce, Robyn Tamblyn, Shalini Lal, Rebecca Fuhrer, Ashok Malla
المصدر: JMIR Mental Health
JMIR Mental Health, Vol 2, Iss 2, p e18 (2015)مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Telemedicine, Psychological intervention, Health informatics, medicine, eHealth, Psychology, Short Paper, medical informatics, Social media, Psychiatry, mHealth, Descriptive statistics, patient engagement, business.industry, Mental health, 3. Good health, BF1-990, Psychiatry and Mental health, Family medicine, health services accessibility, telemedicine, business
الوصف: Background Despite the potential and interest of using technology for delivering specialized psychiatric services to young adults, surprisingly limited attention has been paid to systematically assess their perspectives in this regard. For example, limited knowledge exists on the extent to which young people receiving specialized services for a first-episode psychosis (FEP) are receptive to using new technologies as part of mental health care, and to which types of technology-enabled mental health interventions they are amenable to. Objective The purpose of this study is to assess the interest of young adults with FEP in using technology to receive mental health information, services, and supports. Methods This study uses a cross-sectional, descriptive survey design. A convenience sample of 67 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 were recruited from two specialized early intervention programs for psychosis. Interviewer-administered surveys were conducted between December 2013 and October 2014. Descriptive statistics are reported. Results Among the 67 respondents who completed the survey, the majority (85%, 57/67) agreed or strongly agreed with YouTube as a platform for mental health-related services and supports. The top five technology-enabled services that participants were amenable to were (1) information on medication (96%, 64/67); (2) information on education, career, and employment (93%, 62/67); (3) decision-making tools pertaining to treatment and recovery (93%, 62/67); (4) reminders for appointments via text messaging (93%, 62/67); and (5) information about mental health, psychosis, and recovery in general (91%, 61/67). The top self-reported barriers to seeking mental health information online were lack of knowledge on how to perform an Internet search (31%, 21/67) and the way information is presented online (27%, 18/67). Two thirds (67%; 45/67) reported being comfortable in online settings, and almost half (48%; 32/67) reported a preference for mixed formats when viewing mental health information online (eg, text, video, visual graphics). Conclusions Young people diagnosed with FEP express interest in using the Internet, social media, and mobile technologies for receiving mental health-related services. Increasing the awareness of young people in relation to various forms of technology-enabled mental health care warrants further attention. A consideration for future research is to obtain more in-depth knowledge on young people’s perspectives, which can help improve the design, development, and implementation of integrated technological health innovations within the delivery of specialized mental health care.
-
9
المؤلفون: Lisa, Buchy, Colin, Hawco, Michael, Bodnar, Sarah, Izadi, Jennifer, Dell'Elce, Katrina, Messina, Martin, Lepage
المصدر: Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 68(9)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Male, Adolescent, Functional Neuroimaging, Recognition, Psychology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Healthy Volunteers, User-Computer Interface, Young Adult, Cognition, Memory, Mesencephalon, Humans
الوصف: Previous research has linked cognitive insight (a measure of self-reflectiveness and self-certainty) in psychosis with neurocognitive and neuroanatomical disturbances in the fronto-hippocampal neural network. The authors' goal was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of cognitive insight during an external source memory paradigm in non-clinical subjects.At encoding, 24 non-clinical subjects travelled through a virtual city where they came across 20 separate people, each paired with a unique object in a distinct location. fMRI data were then acquired while participants viewed images of the city, and completed source recognition memory judgments of where and with whom objects were seen, which is known to involve prefrontal cortex. Cognitive insight was assessed with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale.External source memory was associated with neural activity in a widespread network consisting of frontal cortex, including ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), temporal and occipital cortices. Activation in VLPFC correlated with higher self-reflectiveness and activation in midbrain correlated with lower self-certainty during source memory attributions. Neither self-reflectiveness nor self-certainty significantly correlated with source memory accuracy.By means of virtual reality and in the context of an external source memory paradigm, the study identified a preliminary functional neural basis for cognitive insight in the VLPFC in healthy people that accords with our fronto-hippocampal theoretical model as well as recent neuroimaging data in people with psychosis. The results may facilitate the understanding of the role of neural mechanisms in psychotic disorders associated with cognitive insight distortions.
-
10
المؤلفون: Srividya N. Iyer, Rebecca Fox, Ridha Joober, Lisa Buchy, Clifford M. Cassidy, Michael Bodnar, Sarojini M. Sengupta, Zia Choudhry, Martin Lepage, Ashok Malla, Jennifer Dell'Elce
المصدر: Schizophrenia Research. 153:S136-S137
مصطلحات موضوعية: Genetics, Oncology, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, medicine.disease, Minor allele frequency, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Internal medicine, medicine, ANK3, Bipolar disorder, Verbal memory, Allele, Psychology, Biological Psychiatry
الوصف: Background: The gene ANK3 is implicated in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The present study investigated the influence of this gene on cognitive performance and brain structure among individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP). The brief illness duration of an FEP sample makes it well suited for studying the effects of genetic variation. Methods: We genotyped 2 single nucleotide polymor phisms (SNPs; rs1938526 and rs10994336) in ANK3 in patients with FEP. Multivariate analysis of variance compared risk allele carriers and noncarriers on 6 domains of cognition consistent with MATRICS consensus. A subsample of 82 patients was assessed using mag netic resonance imaging. We compared brain structure between carriers and noncarriers using cortical thickness analysis and voxelbased morphometry on white matter. Results: In the 173 patients with FEP included in our study, rs1938526 and rs10994336 were in very high linkage disequilibrium (d' = 0.95), and analyses were therefore only carried out on the SNP (rs1938526) with the highest minor allele frequency (G). Allele G of rs1938526, was associated with lower cognitive performance across domains ( F6,164 = 2.38, p = 0.030) and significantly lower scores on the domains of verbal memory ( p = 0.015), working memory ( p = 0.006) and attention ( p = 0.019). The significant effects of this SNP on cognition were not maintained when controlling for IQ. Cortical thinning was observed in risk allele carri ers at diverse sites across cortical lobes bilaterally at a threshold of p < 0.01, false discovery rate‐corrected. Risk-allele carriers did not show any regions of reduced white matter volume. Limitations: The sample size is modest given that a low-frequency variant was being examined. Conclusion: The ANK3 risk allele rs1938526 appears to be associated with general cognitive impairment and widespread cortical thinning in patients with FEP.
Full Text via ClinicalKey 
Full Text Finder