المؤلفون: Abdur Rauf, Umer Rashid, Zuneera Akram, Anees Saeed, Naveed Muhammad, Najla Al Masoud, Taghrid S. Alomar, Saima Naz, Marcello Iriti

المصدر: Drug Target Insights, Vol 18, Iss 1 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Anacardiaceae, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, In vivo, Muscle relaxant, Pistacia chinensis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: Background: Pistacia chinensis is extensively employed in traditional medicine. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the therapeutic effects of 3’4’78-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone from P. chinensis crude extract. Materials and Methods: The study utilized column chromatography for isolation. The plant extract and its isolated compound were assessed for in vivo analgesic (hot plate model), anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema), sedative (open field model), and muscle relaxing properties (inclined plane and traction test). Results: In the thermal-induced analgesic model, a significant analgesic effect was observed for the extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) and the isolated compound (2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg) at higher doses. The extract (100 mg/kg) significantly prolonged latency time (21.98 seconds) after 120 minutes of administration. The isolated compound elevated the latency time (20.03 seconds) after 30 minutes, remaining significant up to 120 minutes with a latency time of 24.11 seconds. The anti-inflammatory effect showed a reduction in inflammatory reactions by 50.23% (extract) and 67.09% (compound) after the fifth hour of treatment. Both samples demonstrated significant sedative effects, with the extract hindering movement by 54.11 lines crossed compared to the negative control (180.99 lines). The isolated compound reduced the number of lines crossed to 15.23±SEM compared to the negative control. Both samples were also significant muscle relaxants. Docking studies indicated that the compound’s therapeutic effect is due to inhibiting COX and nociceptive pathways. Conclusion: The isolated compound from Pistacia chinensis exhibits significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, and muscle relaxing properties, with potential therapeutic applications by inhibiting COX and nociceptive pathways.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://journals.aboutscience.eu/index.php/dti/article/view/2745; https://doaj.org/toc/1177-3928

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/eb98c5ace98b4079b80898a0958a78e5

المؤلفون: Abdur Rauf, Najla Almasoud, Muhammad Ibrahim, Taghrid S. Alomar, Anees Ahmed Khalil, Tara Khursheed, Muhammad Umer Khan, Muhammad Saeed Jan, Kanchan Bhardwaj, Marcello Iriti, Rohit Sharma

المصدر: Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Vol 29, Iss 5, p 183 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: ficus benghalensis, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, ache, bche, cox-2, 5-lox, Biochemistry, QD415-436, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Background: The present study aimed to investigate the in-vitro anti-diabetic, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory potential of extracts from different parts of Ficus benghalensis, including leaves, stem, and roots, as well as isolated column fractions (F-B-1 C, F-B-2 C, F-B-3 C, and F-B-4 C). Methods: The extracts and subsequent fractions were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes involved in diabetes [α-glucosidase and α-amylase], neurodegenerative diseases [acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase], and inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)). Results: The results showed that F. benghalensis leaf extract exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (73.84%) and α-amylase inhibitory activity (76.29%) at 1000 µg/mL. The stem extract (65.50%) and F-B-2 C fraction (69.67%) also demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In terms of anti-cholinesterase activity, the extracts of roots, leaves, and stem showed promising inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 50.50 to 474.83 µg/mL. The derived fractions (F-B-1 C, F-B-2 C, F-B-3 C, and F-B-4 C) also exhibited notable inhibition of AChE and BChE, with IC50 values from 91.85 to 337.94 µg/mL. Moreover, the F-B-3 C fraction demonstrated the highest COX-2 inhibitory potential (85.72%), followed by F-B-1 C (83.13%), the stem extract (80.85%), and the leaves extract (79.00%). The F-B-1 C fraction showed the highest 5-LOX inhibitory activity (87.63%), while the root extract exhibited the lowest inhibition (73.39%). Conclusions: The results demonstrated promising bioactivity, suggesting the potential of F. benghalensis as a source of natural compounds with therapeutic applications. Further studies are required to identify and isolate the active components responsible for these effects and to evaluate their in-vivo efficacy and safety.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/29/5/10.31083/j.fbl2905183; https://doaj.org/toc/2768-6701

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/7e4800d295bf469f9bc8b5521e7d6ebc

المؤلفون: Luis Alejandro de Haro, Paula Berman, Marcello Iriti

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 14 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: psychoactive plants, biosynthetic pathways, metabolic engineering, gene editing, metabolomics, Plant culture, SB1-1110

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1327345/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-462X

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/506179410ce04bb5848eb0482ff9b163

المؤلفون: Shahnam Azizi Dargahlou, Marcello Iriti, Mahin Pouresmaeil, Lucky Poh Wah Goh

المصدر: Cellular, Molecular and Biomedical Reports, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 73-88 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: dietary mirna, microrna, mitrons, mirna biogenesis, mirna-based therapies, mirna mimics, mirna inhibitors, Medicine

الوصف: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are, small (roughly 19–25 nucleotides in length), conserved, non-coding, single-stranded, and functional RNA molecules with the properties of gene expression regulation through mRNA degradation, translation repression, mRNA deadenylation as well as gene silencing via histone methylation. They even have the ability to increase gene expression levels. The biogenesis of miRNAs is divided into two canonical and non-canonical pathways. The second pathway has a divergent mechanism for the biogenesis of miRNAs. miRNAs can be transcribed from specific genes or introns of protein-coding genes. A single miRNA species can control the expression of hundreds of genes, and also one gene can be the target of different miRNAs. These molecules have been identified in eukaryotic organisms such as mammals and plants and even in viruses. miRNAs play an inevitable role in the life cycle of eukaryotic cells. They are involved in any biological processes such as the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, signaling, and defense responses through their spatio-temporal expression manner. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is involved in a large number of biological disorders, which illustrates their great potential to be applied in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. miRNA inhibitors (anti-miRs) and artificial miRNAs (miRNA mimics) are two general approaches to balance the dysregulated miRNA levels that make it possible to treat various biological disorders. In this study, in general, the biogenesis and the role of miRNAs, the origin of miRNAs, viral miRNAs, miRNA detection procedures, in silico miRNA analysis tools, miRNA-based therapies and their obstacles, and miRNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers are discussed. Finally, it is stated the importance of dietary miRNAs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.cmbr-journal.com/article_162043_a84ea261de3071581476f9328646a2f4.pdf; https://doaj.org/toc/2823-2550

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/9b0ab61446e44cfbbc281d498164cff0

المؤلفون: Muhammad Javed Iqbal, Zeeshan Javed, Haleema Sadia, Sajid Mehmood, Ali Akbar, Benish Zahid, Tariq Nadeem, Sadia Roshan, Elena Maria Varoni, Marcello Iriti, Eda Sönmez Gürer, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Daniela Calina

المصدر: Cancer Cell International, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: miR34a, tumorigenesis, nano-delivery systems, cancer treatment, p53 signaling, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282, Cytology, QH573-671

الوصف: Abstract The clinical application of microRNAs in modern therapeutics holds great promise to uncover molecular limitations and conquer the unbeatable castle of cancer metastasis. miRNAs play a decisive role that regulating gene expression at the post-transcription level while controlling both the stability and translation capacity of mRNAs. Specifically, miR34a is a master regulator of the tumor suppressor gene, cancer progression, stemness, and drug resistance at the cell level in p53-dependent and independent signaling. With changing, trends in nanotechnology, in particular with the revolution in the field of nanomedicine, nano drug delivery systems have emerged as a prominent strategy in clinical practices coupled with miR34a delivery. Recently, it has been observed that forced miR34a expression in human cancer cell lines and model organisms limits cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting several signaling cascades, with various studies endorsing that miR34a deregulation in cancer cells modulates apoptosis and thus requires targeted nano-delivery systems for cancer treatment. In this sense, the present review aims to provide an overview of the clinical applications of miR34a regulation in targeted therapy of cancer.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2867

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/590925a262144000b3219a7fbd4a04cf

المؤلفون: Gabriele Meroni, Giulia Laterza, Alexios Tsikopoulos, Konstantinos Tsikopoulos, Sara Vitalini, Barbara Scaglia, Marcello Iriti, Luigi Bonizzi, Piera Anna Martino, Alessio Soggiu

المصدر: Pathogens, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 156 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: MRSP, MDR, essential oil, silver nanoparticles, Medicine

الوصف: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an emergent zoonotic agent associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). This work aimed to describe the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against 15 S. pseudintermedius strains isolated from pyoderma. The four EOs, namely Rosmarinus officinalis (RO), Juniperus communis (GI), Citrus sinensis (AR), and Abies alba (AB), and AgNPs were used alone and in combination to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). All strains were MDR and methicillin-resistant. Among the antibiotic cohort, only rifampicin, doxycycline, and amikacin were effective. EOs’ chemical analysis revealed 124 compounds belonging to various chemical classes. Of them, 35 were found in AR, 75 in AB, 77 in GI, and 57 in RO. The monoterpenic fraction prevailed over the sesquiterpenic in all EOs. When EOs were tested alone, AB showed the lowest MIC followed by GI, AR, and RO (with values ranging from 1:128 to 1:2048). MBC increased in the following order: AB, AR, GI, and RO (with values ranging from 1:512 to 1:2048). MIC and MBC values for AgNPs were 10.74 mg/L ± 4.23 and 261.05 mg/L ± 172.74. In conclusion, EOs and AgNPs could limit the use of antibiotics or improve the efficacy of conventional therapies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/2/156; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/33d89b58e906418b8fd3b948c69aa4b5

المؤلفون: Stefania Garzoli, Pedro Alarcón-Zapata, Gulnaz Seitimova, Barbara Alarcón-Zapata, Miquel Martorell, Farukh Sharopov, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou, Darline Dize, Lauve Rachel Tchokouaha Yamthe, Francisco Les, Guillermo Cásedas, Víctor López, Marcello Iriti, Javad Sharifi Rad, Eda Sönmez Gürer, Daniela Calina, Raffaele Pezzani, Sara Vitalini

المصدر: Cancer Cell International, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Colorectal cancer, Natural essential oils, Anticancer properties, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Anticancer therapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282, Cytology, QH573-671

الوصف: Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most revalent type of cancer in the world and the second most common cause of cancer death (about 1 million per year). Historically, natural compounds and their structural analogues have contributed to the development of new drugs useful in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Essential oils are natural odorous products made up of a complex mixture of low molecular weight compounds with recognized biological and pharmacological properties investigated also for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The aim of this paper is to highlight the possible role of essential oils in CRC, their composition and the preclinical studies involving them. It has been reviewed the preclinical pharmacological studies to determine the experimental models used and the anticancer potential mechanisms of action of natural essential oils in CRC. Searches were performed in the following databases PubMed/Medline, Web of science, TRIP database, Scopus, Google Scholar using appropriate MeSH terms. The results of analyzed studies showed that EOs exhibited a wide range of bioactive effects like cytotoxicity, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic effects on cancer cells through various mechanisms of action. This updated review provides a better quality of scientific evidence for the efficacy of EOs as chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents in CRC. Future translational clinical studies are needed to establish the effective dose in humans as well as the most suitable route of administration for maximum bioavailability and efficacy. Given the positive anticancer results obtained from preclinical pharmacological studies, EOs can be considered efficient complementary therapies in chemotherapy in CRC.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2867

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/6fe8993ad5cb44c0b45748e192631366

المؤلفون: Giulia Castorina, Madison Bigelow, Travis Hattery, Massimo Zilio, Stefano Sangiorgio, Elisabetta Caporali, Giovanni Venturini, Marcello Iriti, Marna D. Yandeau-Nelson, Gabriella Consonni

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 14 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: silk, maize, cuticle, cuticular wax, biotic stress, Fusarium verticillioides, Plant culture, SB1-1110

الوصف: Maize silks, the stigmatic portions of the female flowers, have an important role in reproductive development. Silks also provide entry points for pathogens into host tissues since fungal hyphae move along the surface of the silks to reach the site of infection, i.e., the developing kernel. The outer extracellular surface of the silk is covered by a protective hydrophobic cuticle, comprised of a complex array of long-chain hydrocarbons and small amounts of very long chain fatty acids and fatty alcohols. This work illustrates that two previously characterized cuticle-related genes separately exert roles on maize silk cuticle deposition and function. ZmMYB94/FUSED LEAVES 1 (ZmFDL1) MYB transcription factor is a key regulator of cuticle deposition in maize seedlings. The ZmGLOSSY2 (ZmGL2) gene, a putative member of the BAHD superfamily of acyltransferases with close sequence similarity to the Arabidopsis AtCER2 gene, is involved in the elongation of the fatty acid chains that serve as precursors of the waxes on young leaves. In silks, lack of ZmFDL1 action generates a decrease in the accumulation of a wide number of compounds, including alkanes and alkenes of 20 carbons or greater and affects the expression of cuticle-related genes. These results suggest that ZmFDL1 retains a regulatory role in silks, which might be exerted across the entire wax biosynthesis pathway. Separately, a comparison between gl2-ref and wild-type silks reveals differences in the abundance of specific cuticular wax constituents, particularly those of longer unsaturated carbon chain lengths. The inferred role of ZmGL2 is to control the chain lengths of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The treatment of maize silks with Fusarium verticillioides conidia suspension results in altered transcript levels of ZmFDL1 and ZmGL2 genes. In addition, an increase in fungal growth was observed on gl2-ref mutant silks 72 hours after Fusarium infection. These findings suggest that the silk cuticle plays an active role in the response to F. verticillioides infection.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1228394/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-462X

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/41e9b353dc014ba58021e8c79b807e5b

المؤلفون: Priya Chaudhary, Debasis Mitra, Pradeep K. Das Mohapatra, Anca Oana Docea, Ei Mon Myo, Pracheta Janmeda, Miquel Martorell, Marcello Iriti, Manshuk Ibrayeva, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Antonello Santini, Raffaele Romano, Daniela Calina, William C. Cho

المصدر: Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol 16, Iss 5, Pp 104680- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Camellia sinensis, Pharmacology, Cellular mechanisms, Molecular targets, Signaling pathways, Clinical applications, Chemistry, QD1-999

الوصف: The Camellia sinensis plant provides a wide diversity of black, green, oolong, yellow, brick dark, and white tea. Tea is one of the majorly used beverages across the globe, succeeds only in the water for fitness and pleasure. Generally, green tea has been preferred more as compared to other teas due to its main constituent e.g. polyphenols which contribute to various health benefits. The aim of this updated and comprehensive review is to bring together the latest data on the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Camellia sinensis and to highlight the therapeutic prospects of the bioactive compounds in this plant so that the full medicinal potential of Camellia sinensis can be realised. A review of published studies on this topic was performed by searching PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, Google scholar, and Web of Science databases from 1999 to 2022. The results of the analysed studies showed that the main polyphenols of tea are the four prime flavonoids catechins: epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epicatechin (EC) along with the beneficial biological properties of tea for a broad heterogeneity of disorders, including anticancer, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiobesity, antidiabetes and antiglaucoma activities. Poor absorption and low bioavailability of bioactive compounds from Camellia sinensis are limiting aspects of their therapeutic use. More human clinical studies and approaching the latest nanoformulation techniques in nanoparticles to transport the target phytochemical compounds to increase therapeutic efficacy are needed in the future.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223001429; https://doaj.org/toc/1878-5352

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d05e0a64372949ca90938b73fc15bbbf

المؤلفون: Elena M. Varoni, Marta Rigoni, Giovanni Lodi, Andrea Sardella, Paola Muti, Antonio Vitello, Lucio Montebugnoli, Antonella Polimeni, Stella Tommasino, Marcello Iriti, Andrea Senna, Raffaele Iandolo, Alessandro Nisio, Antonio Carrassi

المصدر: Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp e13910- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Emergency, Dental office, Dental staff education, Vaso-vagal syndrome, Myocardial infarction, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99

الوصف: Objective: Dentists must be prepared to manage medical emergencies, which are arisen during dental practice together with the increase of age population and medically compromised patients. This study aims at assessing the occurrence of medical emergencies in a cohort of Italian dentists, to ascertain their level of confidence in the management of these conditions, also based on their educational training and type of medical graduation, and, finally, to know their educational needs, in order to plan appropriate institutional interventions for specific training. Methods: A national-based cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey sent to all dentists working in Italy. Results: The survey included 6818 questionnaires. Most of the respondents (n = 4443; 65.2%) reported the occurrence of at least one medical emergency during their professional life. The events rarely resulted in death as declared by only 62 (0.9%) of respondents. The commonest medical emergency was the vasovagal syndrome. Most medical emergencies occurred during the dental procedure (n = 4883; 71.6%). An average degree of satisfaction about the ability to diagnose and manage medical emergencies was reported by most of respondents, with high level of confidence in treating vasovagal syndrome, while a lack in preparedness about the management of myocardial infarction or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and stroke. Medical doctors were more confident in managing the emergencies than dentistry graduates (p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023011179; https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/50076d08a835488e9a0f4bdf560d651d