المؤلفون: Pires, EP., Morgado, LN., Souza, B., Carvalho, CF., Nemésio, A.

المصدر: Brazilian Journal of Biology. August 2013 73(3)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Apoidea, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Hexapoda, Inventory

الوصف: The community of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) was studied at an area in the transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, from March, 2010 to February, 2011 in the Barroso region, state of Minas Gerais, eastern Brazil. Orchid-bee males were collected with bait traps containing three different scents (cineole, eugenol and vanillin) and with entomological nets for collecting bees on flowers. A total of 614 orchid-bee males were collected using aromatic traps, belonging to four genera and 15 species. Twenty-five female specimens belonging to two genera and at least three species were collected on flowers. Eulaema (Apeulaema) nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 was the most abundant species (50% of collected specimens), followed by Euglossa (Euglossa) truncata Rebêlo & Moure, 1996 (28%). Cineole was the most attractive compound (66.5% of males and 13 species), followed by eugenol (16% and 9 species) and vanillin (13.5% and 4 species). Eulaema (Apeulaema) marcii Nemésio, 2009 and Eufriesea auriceps (Friese, 1899) were attracted to all scents, whereas Euglossa species were collected only in cineole and eugenol.

وصف الملف: text/html

URL الوصول: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842013000300507

المؤلفون: R. Henrik Nilsson, Luis Villarreal Ruiz, Sandra E. Abell, Helery Harend, André Ledoux Njouonkou, Sergei Põlme, Luiza Majuakim, Jordan R. Mayor, Karin Pritsch, Kentaro Hosaka, Gregory Bonito, Rein Drenkhan, Cherdchai Phosri, John Dearnaley, Tan Dang, Nourou S. Yorou, József Geml, Su S ee Lee, Xin Chen, D. Jean Lodge, Leho Tedersoo, Kessy Abarenkov, Francis Q. Brearley, Miguel Rosas, Meike Piepenbring, Alessandro Saitta, Marko Peterson, Urmas Kõljalg, Eveli Otsing, Kadri Põldmaa, Sten Anslan, Terry W. Henkel, Franz Buegger, Genevieve Gates, Karl-Henrik Larsson, Cathy Sharp, Taavi Riit, Aída M. Vasco-Palacios, Luis N. Morgado, Eduardo Nouhra, Matthew E. Smith, Ravi L. C. Wijesundera, Chris W. Dunk, Ave Suija, André De Kesel, Gwen Grelet, Kaarin Parts, Liang-Dong Guo, Tom W. May, Pham Q uang Thu, Erki Saluveer, Petr Kohout, Kadri Pärtel, W. Dunstan, Alina Greslebin, Indrek Hiiesalu, Mohammad Bahram, David A. Ratkowsky

المساهمون: Tedersoo, L, Bahram, M, Põlme, S, Kõljalg, U, Yorou, NS, Wijesundera, R, Villareal Ruiz, L, Vasco-Palacios, AM, Quang Thu, P, Suija, A, Smith, ME, Sharp, C, Saluveer, E, Saitta, A, Rosas, M, Riit, T, Ratkowsky, D, Pritsch, K, Põldma, K, Piepenbring, M, Phosri, C, Peterson, M, Parts, K, Pärtel, K, Otsing, E, Nouhra, E, Njouonkou, A L, Nilsson, RH, Morgado, LN, Mayor, J, May, TW, Majuakim, L, Lodge, DJ, Lee, SS, Larsson, K-H, Kohout, P, Hosaka, K, Hiiesalu, I, Henkel, TW, Harend, H, Guo, L-d, Greslebin, A, Grelet, G, Geml, J, Gates, G, Dunstan, W, Dunk, C, Drenkhan, R, Dearnaley, J, De Kesel, A, Dang, T, Chen, X, Buegger, F, Brearley, F Q, Bonito, G, Anslan, S, Abell, S, Abarenkov, K

المصدر: Scopus-Elsevier
Science Magazine, 346(6213), 1078-+. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
CIÊNCIAVITAE

مصطلحات موضوعية: media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, DIVERSITY, fungi, diversity, Biology, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, Ciencias Biológicas, METABARCODING, Ecosystem, Macroecology, media_common, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, fungi, FUNGI, Global change, Edaphic, Ecología, Species richness, Micología, Soil microbiology, human activities, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Diversity (politics)

الوصف: Fungi play integral roles in soil nutrient cycling, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns of key functional groups remain poorly understood. By using pyrosequencing data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrated fungal diversity that expands upon the taxonomic and molecular diversity recorded so far. Except for ectomycorrhizal symbionts, fungal functional group richness was unrelated to plant diversity and plant-to-fungus richness ratio declined exponentially towards the poles. Climatic factors, followed by edaphic and spatial variables, constituted the best predictors of fungal richness and community composition at the global scale. Fungi follow general biogeographic patterns and latitudinal diversity gradients with several exceptions. Fil: Tedersoo, Leho. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Bahram, Mohammad. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Põlme, Sergei. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Kõljalg, Urmas. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Yorou, Nourou. Université de Parakou. Faculté d′Agronomie; Benín Fil: Nouhra, Eduardo Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Greslebin, Alina Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina Fil: Kohout, Petr. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Hosaka, Kentaro. National Museum of Nature and Science. Department of Botany; Japón Fil: Hiiesalu, Indrek. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Henkel, Terry W.. Humboldt State University. Department of Biological Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Harend, Helery. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Guo, Liang-dong. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Microbiology. State Key Laboratory of Mycology; China Fil: Geml, József. Fil: Grelet, Gwen. Landcare Research. Ecosystems and Global Change Team; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Gates, Genevieve. Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture; Australia Fil: Dunstan, William. Murdoch University. School of Veterinary and Life Sciences; Australia Fil: Dunk, Chris. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Department of Forest Ecology and Management; Suecia Fil: Drenkhan, Rein. Estonian University of Life Sciences. Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering; Estonia Fil: Dearnaley, John. University of Southern Queensland. Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences; Australia Fil: De Kesel, André. Botanic Garden Meise; Bélgica Fil: Dang,Tan. Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences; Vietnam Fil: Chen, Xin. Zhejiag University. College of Life Sciences; China Fil: Buegger, Franz. Helmholtz Zentrum München. Institute of Soil Ecology; Alemania Fil: Brearley, Francis Q.. Manchester Metropolitan University. School of Science and the Environment; Reino Unido Fil: Bonito, Gregory. Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; Australia Fil: Anslan, Sten. University Of Tartu.; Estonia Fil: Abell, Sandra. James Cook University. School of Marine and Tropical Biology; Australia Fil: Abarenkov, Kessy. University Of Tartu.; Estonia

وصف الملف: application/pdf; text

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4144de9909f980d991eab60736dafbff
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84914142313&partnerID=MN8TOARS

المؤلفون: Gabriel R; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal., Morgado LN; IITAA - Instituto de Investigação e Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Universidade dos Açores. Capitão João d'Ávila street, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal IITAA - Instituto de Investigação e Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Universidade dos Açores. Capitão João d'Ávila street, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo Portugal., Borges PAV; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal.; IUCN SSC Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist Group, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal IUCN SSC Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist Group, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal.; IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal., Coelho MCM; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal., Aranda SC; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales Madrid Spain., Henriques DSG; Banco Genético Vegetal Autóctone, Empresa Municipal Cascais Ambiente, Lisboa, Portugal Banco Genético Vegetal Autóctone, Empresa Municipal Cascais Ambiente Lisboa Portugal., Sérgio C; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Natural History & Systematics (NHS) CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Natural History & Systematics (NHS) CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute Lisbon Portugal., Hespanhol H; CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado / BIOPOLIS, Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Porto, Portugal CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado / BIOPOLIS, Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão Porto Portugal., Pereira F; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores Portugal., Sim-Sim M; cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Natural History & Systematics (NHS) CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisbon, Portugal cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Natural History & Systematics (NHS) CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute Lisbon Portugal.; Sciences Faculty, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Sciences Faculty, University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal., Ah-Peng C; UMR PVBMT- Pôle de Protection des Plantes Université de La Réunion, La Réunion, France UMR PVBMT- Pôle de Protection des Plantes Université de La Réunion La Réunion France.

المصدر: Biodiversity data journal [Biodivers Data J] 2024 Feb 08; Vol. 12, pp. e117890. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 08 (Print Publication: 2024).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Pensoft Publishers Country of Publication: Bulgaria NLM ID: 101619899 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1314-2828 (Print) Linking ISSN: 13142828 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biodivers Data J Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: Background: In September 2012, a comprehensive survey of Pico Island was conducted along an elevational transect, starting at Manhenha (10 m a.s.l.) and culminating at the Pico Mountain caldera (2200 m a.s.l.). The primary objective was to systematically inventory the bryophytes inhabiting the best-preserved areas of native vegetation environments. Twelve sites were selected, each spaced at 200 m elevation intervals. Within each site, two 10 m x 10 m plots were established in close proximity (10-15 m apart). Within these plots, three 2 m x 2 m quadrats were randomly selected and sampled for bryophytes using microplots measuring 10 cm x 5 cm, which were then collected into paper bags. Six substrates were surveyed in each quadrat: rock, soil, humus, organic matter, tree bark and leaves/fronds. Three replicates were obtained from all substrates available and colonised by bryophytes, resulting in a maximum of 18 microplots per quadrat, 54 microplots per plot, 108 microplots per site, and a total of 1296 microplots across the 12 sites on Pico Island.
New Information: Two-thirds of the maximum expected number of microplots (n = 878; 67.75%) were successfully collected, yielding a total of 4896 specimens. The vast majority (n = 4869) were identified at the species/subspecies level. The study identified a total of 70 moss and 71 liverwort species or subspecies. Elevation levels between 600-1000 m a.s.l., particularly in the native forest plots, exhibited both a higher number of microplots and greater species richness. This research significantly enhanced our understanding of Azorean bryophyte diversity and distribution, contributing valuable insights at both local and regional scales. Notably, two new taxa for the Azores were documented during the MOVECLIM study, namely the pleurocarpous mosses Antitrichiacurtipendula and Isotheciuminterludens .
(Rosalina Gabriel, Leila N. Morgado, Paulo A. V. Borges, Márcia C. M. Coelho, Silvia C. Aranda, Débora S. G. Henriques, Cecília Sérgio, Helena Hespanhol, Fernando Pereira, Manuela Sim-Sim, Claudine Ah-Peng.)

المؤلفون: Geml J; ELKH-EKKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary.; Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Arnold AE; School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA., Semenova-Nelsen TA; Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Nouhra ER; Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina., Drechsler-Santos ER; Laboratory of Mycology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Góes-Neto A; Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Morgado LN; Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Ódor P; Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vácrátót, Hungary., Hegyi B; Research and Development Centre, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary.; Doctoral School of Earth Science and Department for Landscape Protection and Environmental Geography, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary., Oriol G; CREAF, Global Ecology Unit, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.; Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ. Antilles, Univ. Guyane), Kourou, French Guiana.; Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain., Ibáñez A; School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA., Tedersoo L; Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia., Lutzoni F; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

المصدر: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2022 Apr; Vol. 31 (7), pp. 2044-2060. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 10.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9214478 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-294X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09621083 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Mycobiome* , Mycorrhizae*/genetics, Biodiversity ; Forests ; Fungi ; Plants ; Soil/chemistry ; Soil Microbiology

مستخلص: Because of their steep gradients in abiotic and biotic factors, mountains offer an ideal setting to illuminate the mechanisms that underlie patterns of species distributions and community assembly. We compared the composition of taxonomically and functionally diverse fungal communities in soils along five elevational gradients in mountains of the Neo- and Palaeotropics (northern Argentina, southern Brazil, Panama, Malaysian Borneo and Papua New Guinea). Both the richness and composition of soil fungal communities reflect environmental factors, particularly temperature and soil pH, with some shared patterns among neotropical and palaeotropical regions. Community dynamics are characterized by replacement of species along elevation gradients, implying a relatively narrow elevation range for most fungi, which appears to be driven by contrasting environmental preferences among both functional and taxonomic groups. For functional groups dependent on symbioses with plants (especially ectomycorrhizal fungi), the distribution of host plants drives richness and community composition, resulting in important differences in elevational patterns between neotropical and palaeotropical montane communities. The pronounced compositional and functional turnover along elevation gradients implies that tropical montane forest fungi will be sensitive to climate change, resulting in shifts in composition and functionality over time.
(© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

المؤلفون: Martin-Sanchez PM; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Estensmo EF; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Morgado LN; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., Maurice S; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Engh IB; Mycoteam AS, Oslo, Norway., Skrede I; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Kauserud H; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

المصدر: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2021 Jun; Vol. 30 (11), pp. 2689-2705. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 07.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9214478 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-294X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09621083 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Citizen Science* , Mycobiome*/genetics, Dust/analysis ; Europe ; Fungi/genetics ; Norway

مستخلص: In the built environment, fungi can cause important deterioration of building materials and have adverse health effects on occupants. Increased knowledge about indoor mycobiomes from different regions of the world, and their main environmental determinants, will enable improved indoor air quality management and identification of health risks. This is the first citizen science study of indoor mycobiomes at a large geographical scale in Europe, including 271 houses from Norway and 807 dust samples from three house compartments: outside of the building, living room and bathroom. The fungal community composition determined by DNA metabarcoding was clearly different between indoor and outdoor samples, but there were no significant differences between the two indoor compartments. The 32 selected variables, related to the outdoor environment, building features and occupant characteristics, accounted for 15% of the overall variation in community composition, with the house compartment as the key factor (7.6%). Next, climate was the main driver of the dust mycobiomes (4.2%), while building and occupant variables had significant but minor influences (1.4% and 1.1%, respectively). The house-dust mycobiomes were dominated by ascomycetes (⁓70%) with Capnodiales and Eurotiales as the most abundant orders. Compared to the outdoor samples, the indoor mycobiomes showed higher species richness, which is probably due to the mixture of fungi from outdoor and indoor sources. The main indoor indicator fungi belonged to two ecological groups with allergenic potential: xerophilic moulds and skin-associated yeasts. Our results suggest that citizen science is a successful approach for unravelling the built microbiome at large geographical scales.
(© The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

المؤلفون: Geml J; MTA-EKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly University, Eger, Hungary.; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands., Morgado LN; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Semenova-Nelsen TA; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

المصدر: Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2021 Mar 12; Vol. 12, pp. 628746. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 12 (Print Publication: 2021).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101548977 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1664-302X (Print) Linking ISSN: 1664302X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Microbiol Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

مستخلص: The arctic tundra is undergoing climate-driven changes and there are serious concerns related to the future of arctic biodiversity and altered ecological processes under possible climate change scenarios. Arctic land surface temperatures and precipitation are predicted to increase further, likely causing major transformation in terrestrial ecosystems. As a response to increasing temperatures, shifts in vegetation and soil fungal communities have already been observed. Little is known, however, how long-term experimental warming coupled with increased snow depth influence the trajectories of soil fungal communities in different tundra types. We compared edaphic variables and fungal community composition in experimental plots simulating the expected increase in summer warming and winter snow depth, based on DNA metabarcoding data. Fungal communities in the sampled dry and moist acidic tundra communities differed greatly, with tundra type explaining ca. one-third of compositional variation. Furthermore, dry and moist tundra appear to have different trajectories in response to climate change. Specifically, while both warming and increased snow depth had significant effects on fungal community composition and edaphic variables in dry tundra, the effect of increased snow was greater. However, in moist tundra, fungal communities mainly were affected by summer warming, while increased snow depth had a smaller effect and only on some functional groups. In dry tundra, microorganisms generally are limited by moisture in the summer and extremely low temperatures in winter, which is in agreement with the stronger effect of increased snow depth relative to warming. On the contrary, moist tundra soils generally are saturated with water, remain cold year-round and show relatively small seasonal fluctuations in temperature. The greater observed effect of warming on fungi in moist tundra may be explained by the narrower temperature optimum compared to those in dry tundra.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2021 Geml, Morgado and Semenova-Nelsen.)

المؤلفون: Mundra S; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.; Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, UAE., Kjønaas OJ; NIBIO, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, NO-1431 Ås, Norway., Morgado LN; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands., Krabberød AK; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway., Ransedokken Y; Faculty of Environmental and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway., Kauserud H; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.

المصدر: FEMS microbiology ecology [FEMS Microbiol Ecol] 2021 Mar 10; Vol. 97 (3).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8901229 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1574-6941 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01686496 NLM ISO Abbreviation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Mycobiome* , Soil*, Forests ; Fungi/genetics ; Soil Microbiology

مستخلص: Soil depth represents a strong physiochemical gradient that greatly affects soil-dwelling microorganisms. Fungal communities are typically structured by soil depth, but how other microorganisms are structured is less known. Here, we tested whether depth-dependent variation in soil chemistry affects the distribution and co-occurrence patterns of soil microbial communities. This was investigated by DNA metabarcoding in conjunction with network analyses of bacteria, fungi, as well as other micro-eukaryotes, sampled in four different soil depths in Norwegian birch forests. Strong compositional turnover in microbial assemblages with soil depth was detected for all organismal groups. Significantly greater microbial diversity and fungal biomass appeared in the nutrient-rich organic layer, with sharp decrease towards the less nutrient-rich mineral zones. The proportions of copiotrophic bacteria, Arthropoda and Apicomplexa were markedly higher in the organic layer, while patterns were opposite for oligotrophic bacteria, Cercozoa, Ascomycota and ectomycorrhizal fungi. Network analyses indicated more intensive inter-kingdom co-occurrence patterns in the upper mineral layer (0-5 cm) compared to the above organic and the lower mineral soil, signifying substantial influence of soil depth on biotic interactions. This study supports the view that different microbial groups are adapted to different forest soil strata, with varying level of interactions along the depth gradient.
(© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.)

المؤلفون: Zerrillo L; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands; Percuros, Enschede, The Netherlands., Que I; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands., Vepris O; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands., Morgado LN; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Chan A; Percuros, Enschede, The Netherlands., Bierau K; Percuros, Enschede, The Netherlands., Li Y; Percuros, Enschede, The Netherlands., Galli F; Leiden Institute of Physics, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, The Netherlands., Bos E; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Censi R; University of Camerino, School of Pharmacy, Italy., Di Martino P; University of Camerino, School of Pharmacy, Italy., van Osch GJVM; Department of Orthopedics and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Cruz LJ; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.j.cruz_ricondo@lumc.nl.

المصدر: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society [J Control Release] 2019 Sep 10; Vol. 309, pp. 265-276. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jul 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8607908 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4995 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01683659 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Control Release Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Delayed-Action Preparations/*chemistry , Hyaluronic Acid/*administration & dosage , Osteoarthritis/*drug therapy , Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer/*chemistry , Viscosupplements/*administration & dosage, Animals ; Bicarbonates/chemistry ; Cell Line ; Coloring Agents/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Viscosupplements/therapeutic use

مستخلص: This study focuses on intra-articular (IA) drug delivery system for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). In osteoarthritic condition the synovial fluid presents pockets with lower pH environment. To take advantage of these pH differences, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and pH- responsive PLGA NPs encapsulated with ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 HCO 3 ) were generated. The nanoparticles were loaded with hyaluronic acid (HA) as a possible model drug for OA and with near-infrared dye (NIR) that was used to visualize the NPs with molecular imaging techniques. These NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and compared in in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo experiments in the treatment of OA. The results indicate that the NPs were sufficiently small, displayed a uniform size distribution and were non-toxic both in vitro and in vivo. Both NPs treatment seem to induced a reduction in OA progression, with pH- responsive NPs showing the more pronounced effect. This is probably because the pockets of low pH environment in the synovial fluid trigger a burst release of the pH-responsive NPs. This result is corroborated by in vitro experiments since the pH- responsive NPs showed an extracellular burst release behavior and higher chondrocyte vitality than non-responsive NPs. This study demonstrates that PLGA NPs containing HA and NH 4 HCO 3 are candidates for the treatment of knee OA.
(Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

المؤلفون: Morgado LN; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Laboratório de Enterovírus and Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., de Oliveira JM; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Laboratório de Enterovírus and Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., Pinto MA; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Laboratório de Enterovírus and Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., Burlandy FM; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Laboratório de Enterovírus and Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., E da Silva E; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Laboratório de Enterovírus and Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: edson@ioc.fiocruz.br., da Silva JP; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Niterói, RJ, Brazil., Vitral CL; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: clvitral@id.uff.br.

المصدر: Microbes and infection [Microbes Infect] 2019 Apr - May; Vol. 21 (3-4), pp. 133-135. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Dec 07.

نوع المنشور: Letter; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 100883508 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1769-714X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 12864579 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microbes Infect Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Hepatitis E virus/*isolation & purification , Nervous System Diseases/*virology, Brazil/epidemiology ; Child ; Feces/virology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/virology ; Hepatitis E virus/genetics ; Humans ; Muscle Hypotonia/diagnosis ; Muscle Hypotonia/epidemiology ; Muscle Hypotonia/virology ; Negative Results ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Paralysis/epidemiology ; Paralysis/etiology ; Paralysis/virology

مستخلص: Hepatitis E virus is increasingly being associated with idiopathic neurological disease. We tested 325 stool samples from Brazilian children presenting acute flaccid paralysis or Guillain-Barré syndrome using a broadly reactive and sensitive Reverse-transcription Polymerase chain reaction. Hepatitis E genome was not detected in any of the samples tested. Our results suggest that hepatitis E virus does not seem to be associated as the etiologic agent of acute flaccid paralysis and Guillain-Barré syndrome cases occurred in Brazilian children during the period of investigation (2010-2012).
(Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

المؤلفون: Varga T; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary., Krizsán K; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary., Földi C; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary., Dima B; Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary., Sánchez-García M; Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA., Sánchez-Ramírez S; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Szöllősi GJ; MTA-ELTE 'Lendület' Evolutionary Genomics Research Group, Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary., Szarkándi JG; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Papp V; Department of Botany, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary., Albert L; Hungarian Mycological Society, Budapest, Hungary., Andreopoulos W; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Angelini C; Via Cappuccini 78, Pordenone, Italy.; Jardin Botanico Nacional Ma. Moscoso, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic., Antonín V; Department of Botany, Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic., Barry KW; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Bougher NL; Science and Conservation, Department of Biodiversity, Western Australian Herbarium, Kensington, WA, Australia., Buchanan P; Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand., Buyck B; Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB-UMR 7205), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France., Bense V; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary., Catcheside P; State Herbarium of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Chovatia M; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Cooper J; Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand., Dämon W; Oberfeldstraße 9, St. Georgen bei Salzburg, Austria., Desjardin D; Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA., Finy P; Zsombolyai u. 56., Székesfehérvár, Hungary., Geml J; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., Haridas S; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Hughes K; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA., Justo A; Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA., Karasiński D; Department of Mycology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland., Kautmanova I; Natural History Museum, Slovak National Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia., Kiss B; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary., Kocsubé S; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Kotiranta H; Biodiversity Unit, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland., LaButti KM; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Lechner BE; Instituto de Micología y Botánica, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Liimatainen K; The Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK., Lipzen A; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Lukács Z; Damjanich u. 54, Budapest, Hungary., Mihaltcheva S; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Morgado LN; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.; Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Niskanen T; The Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK., Noordeloos ME; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., Ohm RA; Department of Biology, Microbiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Ortiz-Santana B; Center for Forest Mycology Research, Northern Research Station, US Forest Service, Madison, WI, USA., Ovrebo C; Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA., Rácz N; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Riley R; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA., Savchenko A; Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia., Shiryaev A; Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia., Soop K; Department of Cryptogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden., Spirin V; Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Szebenyi C; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; MTA-SZTE 'Lendulet' Fungal Pathogenicity Mechanisms Research Group, Szeged, Hungary., Tomšovský M; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic., Tulloss RE; Herbarium Rooseveltensis Amanitarum, Roosevelt, NJ, USA.; The New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY, USA., Uehling J; Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA., Grigoriev IV; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Vágvölgyi C; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Papp T; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; MTA-SZTE 'Lendulet' Fungal Pathogenicity Mechanisms Research Group, Szeged, Hungary., Martin FM; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratory of Excellence Advanced Research on the Biology of Tree and Forest Ecosystems, Champenoux, France., Miettinen O; Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Hibbett DS; Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA., Nagy LG; Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary. lnagy@fungenomelab.com.

المصدر: Nature ecology & evolution [Nat Ecol Evol] 2019 Apr; Vol. 3 (4), pp. 668-678. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Nature Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101698577 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2397-334X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2397334X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Ecol Evol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Genome, Fungal*, Agaricales/*genetics, Genetic Variation ; Phylogeny

مستخلص: Mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) have the greatest morphological diversity and complexity of any group of fungi. They have radiated into most niches and fulfil diverse roles in the ecosystem, including wood decomposers, pathogens or mycorrhizal mutualists. Despite the importance of mushroom-forming fungi, large-scale patterns of their evolutionary history are poorly known, in part due to the lack of a comprehensive and dated molecular phylogeny. Here, using multigene and genome-based data, we assemble a 5,284-species phylogenetic tree and infer ages and broad patterns of speciation/extinction and morphological innovation in mushroom-forming fungi. Agaricomycetes started a rapid class-wide radiation in the Jurassic, coinciding with the spread of (sub)tropical coniferous forests and a warming climate. A possible mass extinction, several clade-specific adaptive radiations and morphological diversification of fruiting bodies followed during the Cretaceous and the Paleogene, convergently giving rise to the classic toadstool morphology, with a cap, stalk and gills (pileate-stipitate morphology). This morphology is associated with increased rates of lineage diversification, suggesting it represents a key innovation in the evolution of mushroom-forming fungi. The increase in mushroom diversity started during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic radiation event, an era of humid climate when terrestrial communities dominated by gymnosperms and reptiles were also expanding.