المؤلفون: Babu GR, Deepa R, Lewis MG, Lobo E, Krishnan A, Ana Y, Katon JG, Enquobahrie DA, Arah OA, Kinra S, Murthy GVS

المصدر: Clinical Epidemiology, Vol Volume 11, Pp 1067-1080 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: mediation effects, skinfold thickness, gdm, obesity in pregnancy, childhood obesity, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Giridhara R Babu,1 R Deepa,1 Melissa Glenda Lewis,2 Eunice Lobo,1 Anjaly Krishnan,1 Yamuna Ana,1 Jodie G Katon,3,4 Daniel A Enquobahrie,5 Onyebuchi A Arah,6–8 Sanjay Kinra,9 GVS Murthy2,10 1Indian Institute of Public Health-Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bangalore, India; 2Indian Institute of Public Health-Hyderabad, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Hyderabad, India; 3Health Services Research and Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA; 4Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 5Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 6Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 7California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 8UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 9Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology , London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and, University College London Hospital, London, UK; 10International Centre for Eye Health, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UKCorrespondence: Giridhara R BabuIndian Institute of Public Health-Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bangalore, India, Besides Leprosy Hospital, 1st Cross, Magadi Road, Bangalore 560023, IndiaEmail giridhar@iiphh.orgPurpose: Neonates born to mothers with obesity or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased chance of various metabolic disorders later in life. In India, it is unclear whether maternal obesity or GDM is related to offspring adiposity. We aimed to understand the independent effect of maternal obesity and GDM with neonatal adiposity and whether GDM has a mediating effect between maternal obesity and neonatal adiposity.Methods: We recruited a cohort of 1120 women (between April 2016 and February 2019) from the public hospitals in Bangalore, India, who voluntarily agreed to participate and provided written informed consent. The primary outcome was neonatal adiposity, defined as the sum of skinfold thickness >85th percentile. Exposure included maternal obesity, defined as >90th percentile of skinfold thickness. GDM, the potential mediator, was classified using the World Health Organization criteria by oral glucose tolerance test. Binary logistic regression was applied to test the effect of maternal obesity and GDM on neonatal adiposity, adjusting for potential confounders. We used Paramed command in STATA version 14 for analyzing mediating effects.Results: We found that maternal obesity (odds ratio (OR)=2.16, 95% CI 1.46, 3.18) and GDM (OR=2.21, 95% CI1.38, 3.52) have an independent effect on neonatal adiposity. GDM significantly mediates 25.2% of the total effect between maternal obesity and neonatal adiposity, (natural direct effect OR = 1.16 95% CI 1.04, 1.30) with significant direct effect of maternal obesity (natural direct effect OR = 1.90 95% CI 1.16, 3.10) and significant total effect (OR=2.20 95% CI 1.35, 3.58).Conclusion: We showed that maternal obesity and GDM are independently associated with offspring adiposity. Also, GDM mediates the association of maternal obesity on adiposity in children. Interventions focused on obesity prevention in women, and effective screening and management of GDM may contribute to reducing childhood obesity in India.Keywords: mediation effects, skinfold thickness, GDM, obesity in pregnancy, childhood obesity

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.dovepress.com/do-gestational-obesity-and-gestational-diabetes-have-an-independent-ef-peer-reviewed-article-CLEP; https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1349

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/64019fbf22534e77b5166bffe03f16be

المؤلفون: Nath A, Venkatesh S, Balan S, Metgud CS, Krishna M, Murthy GVS

المصدر: International Journal of Women's Health, Vol Volume 11, Pp 241-248 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Anxiety, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Determinants, India, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991

الوصف: Anita Nath,1 Shubhashree Venkatesh,1 Sheeba Balan,1 Chandra S Metgud,2 Murali Krishna,3 Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Murthy4,51Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad-Bangalore Campus, Public Health Foundation of India, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; 2Department of Community Medicine, J.N. Medical College, KLE University, Belgavi, Karnataka, India; 3FRAMe, Mysore, Karnataka, India; 4Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad, Public Health Foundation of India, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; 5Department of Clinical Research, International Center for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKBackground: A pregnant woman undergoes physiological as well as psychological changes during this phase of life during which anxiety is a commonly faced mental condition. There is sufficient evidence on the association of pregnancy specific anxiety with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Studies on anxiety during pregnancy from low and middle income countries are limited.Methods: This study included 380 pregnant women, having a confirmed pregnancy of less than 24 weeks without any obstetric complication, who were availing of antenatal care at a public sector hospital in Bangalore city. Pregnancy-related thoughts (PRT) scale was used to screen for anxiety. Details pertaining to sociodemographic data, obstetric history, psychosocial factors including social support, marital discord, domestic violence, consanguinity, history of catastrophic events, history of mental illness, current presence of depression and anxiety was obtained by means of electronic data capture using an Android-based App.Results: Out of 380 pregnant women, 195 (55.7%) were found to have pregnancy-related anxiety. Lower socioeconomic status, low social support and depression emerged as significant determinants of anxiety.Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety was fairly high in the study population and isp therefore an important public health concern. Pregnancy-related anxiety must be identified early during routine antenatal care to prevent any untoward pregnancy outcomes.Keywords: anxiety, pregnancy, prevalence, determinants, India

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.dovepress.com/the-prevalence-and-determinants-of-pregnancy-related-anxiety-amongst-p-peer-reviewed-article-IJWH; https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1411

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/a9c82834b4364195b8940f6f1f149959

المؤلفون: Wiens, KE, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Johnson, KB, Baumann, MM, Schaeffer, LE, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abegaz, KH, Abejie, AN, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abualhasan, A, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adamu, AA, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Akalu, TY, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, N, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Alcalde-Rabanal, JE, Ali, BA, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, KA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anjomshoa, M, Anoushiravani, A, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antony, B, Antriyandarti, E, Arabloo, J, Aref, HMA, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Arora, A, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Atalay, HT, Athari, SS, Athari, SM, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Awoke, N, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, 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المصدر: The Lancet. Global health. 8(8):1038-1060

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicin och hälsovetenskap

URL الوصول: http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:144557973

المؤلفون: Kinyoki, DK, Ross, JM, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Munro, SB, Schaeffer, LE, Bhattacharjee, NV, Collison, ML, Cork, MA, Cormier, N, Weaver, ND, Deshpande, A, Dharmaratne, SD, Earl, L, Henry, NJ, Hollerich, G, Johnson, KB, Kassebaum, NJ, Krohn, KJ, Letourneau, ID, Marczak, LB, Mayala, BK, Mokdad, AH, Mosser, JF, Murray, CJL, Naghavi, M, Osgood-Zimmerman, AE, Pickering, BV, Pigott, DM, Ray, SE, Sbarra, AN, Schipp, MF, VanderHeide, J, Wang, HD, Wiens, KE, Afshin, A, Hay, SI, Sartorius, B, Khalil, IA, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Hasankhani, M, Abbasi, M, Farzam, H, Moradi, M, Rezaeian, S, Abbastabar, H, Abdelalim, A, El-Jaafary, SI, Shehata, HS, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, ND, Deribe, K, Abebo, TA, Abegaz, KH, Abolhassani, H, Rezaei, N, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abushouk, AI, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebiyi, AO, Ilesanmi, OS, Adedeji, IA, Adekanmbi, V, Adeoye, AM, Adetokunboh, OO, Mahasha, PW, Ndwandwe, DE, Nnaji, CA, Sambala, EZ, Adham, D, Aduroja, PE, Dipeolu, IO, Ibitoye, SE, John-Akinola, YO, Oluwasanu, MM, Advani, SM, Afarideh, M, Esteghamati, A, Ghajar, A, Heidari, B, Sayyah, M, Aghaali, M, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Gebrehiwot, TT, Gesesew, HA, Ahmed, R, Das Gupta, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Demeke, FM, Melese, A, Akalu, TY, Baraki, AG, Mekonnen, FA, Sisay, MMM, Tamirat, KS, Tessema, ZT, Wolde, HF, Yeshaw, Y, Akinyemiju, T, Akombi, B, Karki, S, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Rabanal, JEA, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Montero-Zamora, PA, Alema, NM, Araya, EM, Kassaye, HG, Ali, BA, Mohammad, KA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Kalhor, R, Alinia, C, Yusefzadeh, H, Alipour, V, Arabloo, J, Azari, S, Rezapour, A, Sheikhtaheri, A, Moghadam, TZ, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Fattahi, N, Matin, BK, Karyani, AK, Pirsaheb, M, Rajati, F, Sadeghi, E, Safari, Y, Sharafi, K, Vasseghian, Y, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Moradzadeh, R, Zamanian, M, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, 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المصدر: Nature medicine. 26(5):750-759

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicin och hälsovetenskap

URL الوصول: http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:143736797

المؤلفون: Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Rabanal, JEA, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, 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المصدر: Lancet (London, England). 395(10239):1779-1801

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicin och hälsovetenskap

URL الوصول: http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:143978257

المؤلفون: Vats S, Murthy GVS, Chandra M, Gupta S, Vashist P, Gogoi M

المصدر: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol 56, Iss 4, Pp 313-316 (2008)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, ocular trauma, urban, Ophthalmology, RE1-994

الوصف: Purpose: To study the epidemiology and clinical profile of victims of ocular trauma in an urban slum population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted on 500 families each in three randomly selected urban slums in Delhi, collected demographic data for all members of these families, and clinical data for all those who suffered ocular trauma at any time, that required medical attention. Data was managed on SPSS 11.0. Results: Of 6704 participants interviewed, 163 episodes of ocular trauma were reported by 158 participants (prevalence = 2.4%, confidence interval = 2.0 to 2.7) Mean age at trauma was 24.2 years. The association between the age of participants and the history of ocular trauma was significant ( P < 0.001), when adjusted for sex, education and occupation. Males were significantly more affected. Blunt trauma was the commonest mode of injury (41.7%). Blindness resulted in 11.4% of injured eyes ( P = 0.028). Of 6704 participants, 1567 (23.4%) were illiterate, and no association was seen between education status and trauma, when adjusted for sex and age at injury. A significant association was noted between ocular trauma and workplace (Chi-square = 43.80, P < 0.001), and between blindness and place (Chi-square = 9.98, P = 0.041) and source (Chi-square = 10.88, P = 0.028) of ocular trauma. No association was found between visual outcome and the time interval between trauma and first consultation (Chi-square = 0.50, P = 0.78), between receiving treatment and the best corrected visual acuity (Chi-square = 0.81, P = 0.81), and between the person consulted and blinding ocular trauma (Chi-square = 1.88, P = 0.170). Conclusion: A significant burden of ocular trauma in the community requires that its prevention and early management be a public health priority.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2008;volume=56;issue=4;spage=313;epage=316;aulast=Vats; https://doaj.org/toc/0301-4738; https://doaj.org/toc/1998-3689

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/360ec8bd16cf4f55913bc12a25d0b4d5

المؤلفون: Murthy GVS, John N, Gupta S, Vashist P, Rao G

المصدر: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol 56, Iss 6, Pp 481-488 (2008)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Childhood blindness, eye care infrastructure, pediatric eye care, Ophthalmology, RE1-994

الوصف: Purpose: To document the status of pediatric eye care in India. Materials and Methods: A list of institutions providing eye care was compiled from various sources, including government officials, professional bodies of ophthalmologists, and national and international non-governmental organizations (NGO) working in the field of eye care in India. A questionnaire on eye care services was sent to all known eye care institutions in the country. Workshops and regional meetings were organized to maximize response. Validity of data was ensured by observational visits to 10% of the institutions who responded. Results: Out of 1204 institutions contacted, 668 (55.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Of these, 192 (28.7%) reported that they provided pediatric eye care services. A higher proportion (48.3%) of NGO hospitals reported separate pediatric ophthalmology units compared to other providers (P< 0.001). Eighty per cent of advanced care eye hospitals had dedicated outpatient, and 40% had dedicated inpatient facilities for children (P< 0.001). The advanced eye care hospitals attended to a larger number of pediatric clients (P < 0.001), and performed more pediatric eye surgeries compared to secondary and tertiary care hospitals (P < 0.001). Eighty-three per cent of advanced care centers and 72.4% of NGO hospitals had an anesthesiologist for pediatric eye service. Refractive error was the commonest reason for seeking service. The commonest surgical procedure was pediatric cataract surgery followed by squint surgery. Conclusion: Pediatric eye care services are not adequate in India.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2008;volume=56;issue=6;spage=481;epage=488;aulast=Murthy; https://doaj.org/toc/0301-4738; https://doaj.org/toc/1998-3689

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/4020df416ed94b0dbc717bbd90bc8aa9

المؤلفون: Murthy GVS, Gupta Sanjeev, John Neena, Vashist Praveen

المصدر: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol 56, Iss 6, Pp 489-494 (2008)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Blindness, cataract, the right to sight, vision 2020, Ophthalmology, RE1-994

الوصف: Background: India is a signatory to the World Health Organization resolution on Vision 2020: The right to sight. Efforts of all stakeholders have resulted in increased number of cataract surgeries performed in India, but the impact of these efforts on the elimination of avoidable blindness is unknown. Aims: Projection of performance of cataract surgery over the next 15 years to determine whether India is likely to eliminate cataract blindness by 2020. Materials and Methods: Data from three national level blindness surveys in India over three decades, and projected age-specific population till 2020 from US Census Bureau were used to develop a model to predict the magnitude of cataract blindness and impact of Vision 2020: the right to sight initiatives. Results: Using age-specific data for those aged 50+ years it was observed that prevalence of blindness at different age cohorts (above 50 years) reduced over three decades with a peak in 1989. Projections show that among those aged 50+ years, the quantum of cataract surgery would double (3.38 million in 2001 to 7.63 million in 2020) and cataract surgical rate would increase from 24025/million 50+ in 2001 to 27817/million 50+ in 2020. Though the prevalence of cataract blindness would decrease, the absolute number of cataract blind would increase from 7.75 million in 2001 to 8.25 million in 2020 due to a substantial increase in the population above 50 years in India over this period. Conclusions: Considering existing prevalence and projected incidence of cataract blindness over the period 2001-2020, visual outcomes after cataract surgery and sight restoration rate, elimination of cataract blindness may not be achieved by 2020 in India.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2008;volume=56;issue=6;spage=489;epage=494;aulast=Murthy; https://doaj.org/toc/0301-4738; https://doaj.org/toc/1998-3689

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/c3edfd75420245e6a0ce1d909ca13d6c

المؤلفون: Pal Nikhil, Titiyal Jeewan, Tandon Radhika, Vajpayee Rasik, Gupta Sanjeev, Murthy GVS

المصدر: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol 54, Iss 3, Pp 189-193 (2006)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Childhood blindness, India, low vision, spectacles, Ophthalmology, RE1-994

الوصف: Context: Children admitted in blind schools need low vision assessment for improving functional vision (useful residual vision). Aim: To ascertain the need for spectacles and magnifiers as low vision devices (LVD) in children with useful residual vision, attending blind schools. Setting and Design: Cross-sectional study conducted in 13 blind schools in Delhi, North India. Materials and Methods: Of a total of 703 children (less than 16 years of age) examined, 133 (18.91%) with useful residual vision were refracted and analyzed. High addition plus lenses (range 5-30 diopters) were used as spectacle magnifiers for near LVD assessment. "World health organization (WHO)/ prevention of blindness (PBL) eye examination record for children with blindness and low vision", was used to collect data. SPSS (statistical package for the social science), version 10.0 was used for analysis. Results: Based on the vision of 133 children at initial examination, 70.7% children were blind and 12.0% were severely visually impaired (SVI). 20.3% children improved by at least one WHO category of blindness after refraction. With best correction, 50.4% children were still blind and 13.5% were SVI. Visual acuity in the better eye after refraction in 47 children (35.3%), improved with spectacles. Children with aphakia (17), coloboma (5), refractive error (5) and microphthalmos (4) benefited from spectacles. Of 124 children with low vision but having useful residual vision, 51 (41.1%) were able to read N-10 unaided or with distance spectacles and 30 children (22.6%) improved to N-10 with spectacle magnifiers and were prescribed the same. Conclusion: Visually impaired children with aphakia and congenital anomalies of the eye benefit from refraction and low vision services.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2006;volume=54;issue=3;spage=189;epage=193;aulast=Pal; https://doaj.org/toc/0301-4738

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/5856a8570e68412284ca6f08a980296a

المؤلفون: Murthy GVS

المصدر: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol 56, Iss 5, Pp 395-397 (2008)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Blindness, human immunodeficiency virus, social status, Ophthalmology, RE1-994

الوصف: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is aptly called the modern day ′plague′ and has the potential to decimate people in the productive age group. On the other hand, the increasing life expectancy in developing countries spirals age-related blindness. One therefore reduces economic productivity while the other increases economic dependency. Both lead to increased expenditure of households though in different proportions. Human immunodeficiency virus and blindness are both associated with discrimination, stigma and long-term consequences. They impact the socioeconomic fabric of the affected individuals, communities and countries. The loss in productivity and the cost of support to the affected individuals are seen in both. Each is a potent problem on its own but together they spell disaster in geometric proportions rather than a simple additive effect. Strategies need to be evolved to provide solace and improve the quality of life of an HIV-positive blind individual.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2008;volume=56;issue=5;spage=395;epage=397;aulast=Murthy; https://doaj.org/toc/0301-4738; https://doaj.org/toc/1998-3689

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/62ca759e0f664d2c9efe2fe24aca7611