المؤلفون: Dina A. Alabbad, Shahad Y. Ajibi, Raghad B. Alotaibi, Noura K. Alsqer, Rahaf A. Alqahtani, Noor M. Felemban, Atta Rahman, Sumayh S. Aljameel, Mohammed Imran Basheer Ahmed, Mustafa M. Youldash

المصدر: Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 770-788 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: machine learning, sustainable approach, birthweight range, classification, fetal weight, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895

الوصف: An accurate prediction of fetal birth weight is crucial in ensuring safe delivery without health complications for the mother and baby. The uncertainty surrounding the fetus’s birth situation, including its weight range, can lead to significant risks for both mother and baby. As there is a standard birth weight range, if the fetus exceeds or falls below this range, it can result in considerable health problems. Although ultrasound imaging is commonly used to predict fetal weight, it does not always provide accurate readings, which may lead to unnecessary decisions such as early delivery and cesarian section. Besides that, no supporting system is available to predict the weight range in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, leveraging the available technologies to build a system that can serve as a second opinion for doctors and health professionals is essential. Machine learning (ML) offers significant advantages to numerous fields and can address various issues. As such, this study aims to utilize ML techniques to build a predictive model to predict the birthweight range of infants into low, normal, or high. For this purpose, two datasets were used: one from King Fahd University Hospital (KFHU), Saudi Arabia, and another publicly available dataset from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) data port. KFUH’s best result was obtained with the Extra Trees model, achieving an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 98%, with a specificity of 99%. On the other hand, using the Random Forest model, the IEEE dataset attained an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 96%, respectively, with a specificity of 98%. These results suggest that the proposed ML system can provide reliable predictions, which could be of significant value for doctors and health professionals in Saudi Arabia.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/6/2/36; https://doaj.org/toc/2504-4990

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/0d8a3725073f45308e354ce0a99d02e3

المؤلفون: Nejat Mahdieh, Morteza Heidari, Zahra Rezaei, Ali Reza Tavasoli, Sareh Hosseinpour, Maryam Rasulinejad, Ali Zare Dehnavi, Masoud Ghahvechi Akbari, Reza Shervin Badv, Elahe Vafaei, Ali Mohebbi, Pouria Mohammadi, Seyyed Mohammad Mahdi Hosseiny, Reza Azizimalamiri, Ali Nikkhah, Elham Pourbakhtyaran, Mohammad Rohani, Narges Khanbanha, Sedigheh Nikbakht, Mojtaba Movahedinia, Parviz Karimi, Homa Ghabeli, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini, Fatemeh Sadat Rashidi, Masoud Garshasbi, Morteza Rezvani Kashani, Noor M. Ghiasvand, Stephan Zuchner, Matthis Synofzik, Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi

المصدر: Human Genomics, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia, Ataxia, Hereditary cerebellar ataxia, Spinocerebellar ataxia, Iranian population, Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470

الوصف: Abstract Background To investigate the genetics of early-onset progressive cerebellar ataxia in Iran, we conducted a study at the Children’s Medical Center (CMC), the primary referral center for pediatric disorders in the country, over a three-year period from 2019 to 2022. In this report, we provide the initial findings from the national registry. Methods We selected all early-onset patients with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance to assess their phenotype, paraclinical tests, and genotypes. The clinical data encompassed clinical features, the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) scores, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) results, Electrodiagnostic exams (EDX), and biomarker features. Our genetic investigations included single-gene testing, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS). Results Our study enrolled 162 patients from various geographic regions of our country. Among our subpopulations, we identified known and novel pathogenic variants in 42 genes in 97 families. The overall genetic diagnostic rate was 59.9%. Notably, we observed PLA2G6, ATM, SACS, and SCA variants in 19, 14, 12, and 10 families, respectively. Remarkably, more than 59% of the cases were attributed to pathogenic variants in these genes. Conclusions Iran, being at the crossroad of the Middle East, exhibits a highly diverse genetic etiology for autosomal recessive hereditary ataxia. In light of this heterogeneity, the development of preventive strategies and targeted molecular therapeutics becomes crucial. A national guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with these conditions could significantly aid in advancing healthcare approaches and improving patient outcomes.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1479-7364

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/73901f9896264335a878fdd5b263980b

المؤلفون: Mantasha Tabassum, Soumya G. Chikermane, Camille Johnson, Noor M. Abdulkareem, Elisabeth M. Wang, Michael L. Johnson, Meghana V. Trivedi

المصدر: Cardio-Oncology, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cardiovascular mortality, Breast cancer, β-blockers, Metoprolol, Atenolol, Carvedilol, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Background Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death in breast cancer (BC) patients due to the increased age and treatments. While individual β-blockers have been investigated to manage CV complications, various β-blockers have not been compared for their effects on CV death in this population. We aimed to compare CV mortality in older BC patients taking one of the commonly used β-blockers. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) - Medicare data (2010–2015). Patients of age 66 years or older at BC diagnosis receiving metoprolol, atenolol, or carvedilol monotherapy were included. The competing risk regression model was used to determine the risk of CV mortality in the three β-blocker groups. The multivariable model was adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for the risk of CV mortality. Results The study cohort included 6,540 patients of which 55% were metoprolol users, 30% were atenolol users, and 15% were carvedilol users. Metoprolol was associated with a 37% reduced risk of CV mortality (P = 0.03) compared to carvedilol after adjusting for the covariates (HR = 0.63; 95% CI 0.41–0.96). No significant difference in the risk of CV mortality between atenolol and carvedilol users was observed (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.44–1.22). Conclusions Our findings suggest that metoprolol is associated with a reduced risk of CV mortality in BC patients. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and understand the mechanism of action.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2057-3804

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d68bdaebd5e34cefa3a68098abf8e26f

المؤلفون: Mostafa H. Algabri, Maliya Delawan, Mayur Sharma, Mohammed S. Al-Hilfi, Muntadher H. Almufadhal, Noor M. Shaker, Zainab I. Abdualmurttafie, Mustafa Ismail, Norberto Andaluz, Samer S. Hoz

المصدر: World Neurosurgery: X, Vol 23, Iss , Pp 100366- (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Brain AVM, Residual AVM, Remnant AVM, Surgical resection, AVM embolization, Surgery, RD1-811, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590139724000978; https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1397

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/f188de37a6524be4b5d2a29a46895e8f

المؤلفون: Noor M. Abdullah, Hussien Q. Hussien, Rana R. Jalil

المصدر: Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Vol 25, Iss 2 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: non-thermal plasma, sulfur, oxidation, desulfurization, Chemical technology, TP1-1185

الوصف: This work presents an investigation into the ultra-desulfurization of heavy naphtha fuel (model using BT and DBT) using oxidation and solvent extraction techniques. Ozone produced by the DBD (Dielectric barrier discharge) plasma generator was employed in the oxidation process as an oxidant, and acetonitrile was used as a solvent extraction. Box-Behnken experimental design was adopted in the current study to examine oxidation desulfurization by non-thermal plasma for the various operation conditions including time, flow rate, and temperature on sulfur removal efficiency. Acetonitrile with an oxidized oil/solvent ratio of 1:1(v/v ratio) was utilized as the extraction solvent. The results showed that the maximum sulfur removal of about 91% was obtained with a temperature of 50°C, flow rate of 75 ml/min, and time of 4 hours.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://ijcpe.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/ijcpe/article/view/1149; https://doaj.org/toc/1997-4884; https://doaj.org/toc/2618-0707

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/8351ce82cd5b479781f4465f25df7cb7

المؤلفون: Abdullah S. AlAmri, Foziah J. AlShamrani, Noor M. AlMohish, Azra S. Zafar, Saud A. Alnaaim, Hatem A. Alazman, Ibrahim A. Al-Ghanimi, Abdullah A. AlNahdi, Fahad A. AlDawsari, Shahad B. AlMatrafi, Ghaida R. Alzahrani, Muna S. Alnamlah, Rawan A. Alkhalifa

المصدر: Journal of Family and Community Medicine, Vol 31, Iss 1, Pp 63-70 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, myalgic encephalomyelitis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects various parts of the central nervous system. Fatigue, a common symptom, transient, prolonged, or chronic experienced by individuals with MS, can significantly impact daily functioning. It can be associated with underlying pathological processes or can have an idiopathic cause, such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The study aimed to assess the presence and etiology of fatigue in MS patients and its relationship with CFS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a questionnaire from a sample of 225 MS patients receiving care at our university hospital. The questionnaire included the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria for diagnosing CFS and the Expanded Disability Status Scale to evaluate fatigue in MS patients. RESULTS: Of the total of 225 MS patients who participated in this study, 87.1% were diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS, 6.7% with primary progressive MS, 3.6% with clinically isolated syndrome, and 2.7% with secondary progressive MS. About 53% had experienced fatigue that persisted for over 6 months. Analysis of CFS diagnosis revealed that 7.3% of patients met both CDC criteria and self-reported answers while 17.5% reported having CFS despite not meeting the CDC criteria. These findings highlight a significant lack of agreement between patient-reported diagnoses and established criteria, indicating poor agreement (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: The study found an association between CFS and MS, and a significant impact on daily functioning. The study revealed lack of agreement between patient-reported diagnoses and established criteria for CFS. This emphasizes the need for a standardized approach to diagnosis and evaluation of fatigue in MS patients.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_73_23; https://doaj.org/toc/1319-1683; https://doaj.org/toc/2229-340X

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/c086e76993c04807baab2529cb8c6108

المؤلفون: Hasan Raza, Waseem Abbasi, Khursheed Aurangzeb, Noor M. Khan, Muhammad Shahid Anwar, Musaed Alhussein

المصدر: Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol 82, Iss , Pp 139-144 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Parameter estimation, Distributed adaptive filtering, Missing output data, Processing efficient parallel architecture, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040

الوصف: This paper considers problems related to output error models for output data estimation and parameter identification in missing output data systems. In this regard, a new sequentially parallel distributed adaptive signal processing method with the implementation of a low complexity least squares algorithm is introduced to estimate the parameters of an auxiliary model relative to the original system, as well as handling irregularly missing output data in a stochastic framework. The validation of the proposed distributed architecture using the low complexity least squares algorithm is presented in terms of computational complexity and processing time. Measurement results show that the proposed architecture using the low complexity least squares approach provides fast convergence, parallel linear computational complexity, and significantly reduced processing time compared to the sequentially operated recursive least square (RLS) algorithm for parameter identification in missing output data systems. Finally, the effectiveness of the low complexity least squares algorithm is tested with a system example

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016823008396; https://doaj.org/toc/1110-0168

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/dbecd4dea06d49a2995ba0b061528151

المؤلفون: Abdulsalam M. Aleid, Noor M. Sabi, Ghaida Saleh Alharbi, Atheer A. Alharthi, Sarah M. Alshuqayfi, Nirmeen S. Alnefiae, Gawaher M. Ismail, Abdulaziz K. Allhybi, Awatif M. Alrasheeday, Bushra Alshammari, Yasmine Alabbasi, Abbas Al Mutair

المصدر: Children, Vol 11, Iss 6, p 739 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: caregivers, prevention, pediatrics, BMI z-score, exercise levels, screen time, Pediatrics, RJ1-570

الوصف: Background: Obesity in children is a critical public health issue in developed countries and developing countries. The establishment of health-related behaviors in childhood, significantly influenced by parental involvement, underscores the need for effective intervention measures. Aim: This original research is a systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to investigate the impact of parental involvement on the prevention and management of childhood obesity, focusing on outcomes such as BMI z-score, exercise levels, screen time, dietary self-efficacy, and percentage body fat. Methods: Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified through comprehensive searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, including RCTs involving children aged 2–18 years with parental or caregiver participation, reporting on the specified outcomes. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3, employing a random effects model. Results: A total of 5573 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in BMI z-score (MD = −0.06, 95% CI: −0.09 to −0.02, p = 0.005, I2 = 58%), a non-significant increase in exercise levels (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.52, p = 0.05, I2 = 52%), and a significant reduction in screen time (MD = −0.36 h per day, 95% CI: −0.61 to −0.11, p = 0.005, I2 = 0%). Dietary self-efficacy also improved significantly (MD = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.12 to 1.05, p = 0.01, I2 = 0%). However, changes in percentage body fat did not reach statistical significance (MD = −1.19%, 95% CI: −2.8% to 0.41%, p = 0.15, I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Parental involvement in childhood obesity interventions significantly impacts BMI z-score, exercise levels, screen time, and dietary self-efficacy but not percentage body fat. These findings highlight the importance of engaging parents in obesity prevention and management strategies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/6/739; https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9067

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/4dc526acfd124c3b9f25301b521cc0b4

المؤلفون: Maryam M. Abdullah, Noor M. Asmael

المصدر: Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Vol 27, Iss 6 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Karkh side of Baghdad, transportation alternatives, multi-criteria decision-making, GIS, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040

الوصف: The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a mathematical method which is considered This method is considered one of the most accurate methods in terms of making decisions by providing multiple options so that the decision-maker can calibrate and evaluate the alternatives. The city of Baghdad suffers from stifling traffic congestion due to the increase in population, which leads to a significant increase in the number of trips inside and outside the city, and with this, the number of vehicles is more than the capacity of the city’s road network; especially on the Karkh side. Three alternative roads were proposed in the network; namely: the first alternative is the fourth ring road that connects the Abu Ghraib highway and the roundabout bridge, the second road represents the link between the Washash roundabout and the Muthanna Airport intersection, the third alternative is constructing a tunnel from the Al-Paratha Mosque intersection in the direction of Haifa Street. The purpose of the study is to analyze and select the best alternative by using multi-criteria decision-making. Based on the results, it appears that the economic factor has the greatest effect on the selection of alternatives with its weight equal to 55%, followed by the accessibility factor with a weight of 29.8%. Although the second alternative was chosen as the best alternative in this manuscript, the first alternative is also important in terms of reducing traffic congestion and truck crossing within the city. To increase the efficiency of the network, it is proposed to implement the first and second proposals as well as widen the study region.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://jeasd.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/jeasd/article/view/1976; https://doaj.org/toc/2520-0917; https://doaj.org/toc/2520-0925

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/2d93fec7e4ab4a5a9940acf48093b35b

المؤلفون: Ahmed M. Elazzazy, Mona O. Mobarki, Afra M. Baghdadi, Noor M. Bataweel, Ahmed M. Al-Hejin

المصدر: Microorganisms, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 651 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: antimicrobial peptides, bacteriocin, rhizosphere, PCR, bioreactor, batch process, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms poses a significant threat to human health worldwide. Recent advances have led to the discovery of molecules with potent antimicrobial activity from environmental sources. In this study, fifteen bacterial isolates were obtained from agricultural and polluted soil samples collected from different areas of the cities of Jizan and Jeddah. These isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against a set of human pathogenic bacterial strains. The results showed that two Bacillus strains, identified as Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on 16S rDNA, synthesized bacteriocin with strong antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Salmonella typhimum ATCC 14028, carbapenem-resistant E. coli, and MRSA 2. To optimize bacteriocin production, the effects of medium composition, incubation period, temperature, and pH were investigated. Nutrient broth and Mueller–Hinton broth were chosen as the optimal original media for bacteriocin production. The optimal incubation period, temperature, and pH were found to be 48 h at 37 °C and 7 pH in Bacillus atrophaeus and 72 h at 37 °C and 8 pH in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Batch cultures of Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were grown in a 10 L benchtop bioreactor, and pH control was found to significantly increase the production of bacteriocin by two-fold compared to uncontrolled conditions. The time course of growth, substrate consumption, pH, and enzyme production were investigated. This study demonstrates the potential of optimizing culture conditions and batch process control to enhance bacteriocin production by Bacillus spp.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/4/651; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d4d4776872d24332819d1a5e072d3cc9