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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Niall Dalton, Orla Neylon, Paul Scully, Clodagh O'Gorman, Susan Giblin, Muiriosa Connolly, Alison McCaffrey, Ali Sheikhi
المصدر: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, Vol 10, Iss 6 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
الوصف: Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a lifelong illness that affects over 2500 children in Ireland. Management involves complex daily regimens including frequent blood glucose monitoring, pharmacotherapy, dietary management, and physical activity (PA). PA is an important modifiable lifestyle factor. Unfortunately, children with T1D remain physically inactive. Children with T1D face disease-specific barriers and facilitators to PA engagement. All aspects of T1D management for children are supported or supervised by parents. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine parents’ and children’s perceptions of barriers and facilitators to PA engagement.Research design and methods 43 parent and child dyads participated. Parents completed a self-report survey. Children completed a modified version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) that explored habitual PA patterns, perceived facilitators and barriers to PA engagement.Results 21 females, 22 males and their parents (36 mothers, 7 fathers) participated. 69% of males and 90% of females reported that having diabetes did affect their PA participation. 54% of males and 48% of females were insufficiently active based on their total PAQ-C score (
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Susan Giblin, Paul Scully, Julie Evers, Niall Dalton, Grainne Hayes, Alan Donnelly, O. Orla Neylon, Clodagh O’Gorman
المصدر: Journal of Diabetes Research, Vol 2022 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
الوصف: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects over 2,500 children in Ireland. Insulin replacement is the mainstay of treatment for T1D, and physical activity (PA) is an important, modifiable lifestyle factor for sustaining health. Surveillance of PA for both research and clinical purposes in paediatric T1D has been limited. This study deployed both quantitative (accelerometry) and qualitative (self-report) measures to assess habitual PA patterns in children with T1D. Twenty-one participants (9 females, 12 males) between 10 and 17 years (mean 13.7±1.94 years) were recruited from an Outpatients Paediatric Diabetes Clinic. Total steps, standing time (minutes (mins)) and sitting time (mins) were recorded using the activPAL 3 microactivity monitor. Clinical parameters (HbA1c, insulin regimen, and weight centiles) were measured. A self-report diary was used to measure perceived activity levels. The findings of this study show that participant children with T1D are not achieving the required steps per day to sustain physical health (recommended minimum 11,500). Females (mean=7,306 steps±5,468) achieved significantly less (p=0.001) steps per day compared to males (10,806 steps±5,904). No significant differences were found between genders for sitting time or standing time. Overweight or obesity was identified in 44% of female participants and 15% of male participants. Mean HbA1c for both females 8.25% (67 mmol/mol) and males 7.97% (64 mmol/mol) was above the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) recommended
وصف الملف: electronic resource
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2314-6753
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Anish N. Bhuva, Thomas A. Treibel, Andreas Seraphim, Paul Scully, Kristopher D. Knott, João B. Augusto, Camilla Torlasco, Katia Menacho, Clement Lau, Kush Patel, James C. Moon, Peter Kellman, Charlotte H. Manisty
المصدر: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: T1 mapping, MOLLI, cardiac implantable device, aortic valve replacement, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
الوصف: Background: Measurement of myocardial T1 is increasingly incorporated into standard cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocols, however accuracy may be reduced in patients with metallic cardiovascular implants. Measurement is feasible in segments free from visual artifact, but there may still be off-resonance induced error.Aim: To quantify off-resonance induced T1 error in patients with metallic cardiovascular implants, and validate a method for error correction for a conventional MOLLI pulse sequence.Methods: Twenty-four patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs: 46% permanent pacemakers, PPMs; 33% implantable loop recorders, ILRs; and 21% implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, ICDs); and 31 patients with aortic valve replacement (AVR) (45% metallic) were studied. Paired mid-myocardial short-axis MOLLI and single breath-hold off-resonance field maps were acquired at 1.5 T. T1 values were measured by AHA segment, and segments with visual artifact were excluded. T1 correction was applied using a published relationship between off-resonance and T1. The accuracy of the correction was assessed in 10 healthy volunteers by measuring T1 before and after external placement of an ICD generator next to the chest to generate off-resonance.Results: T1 values in healthy volunteers with an ICD were underestimated compared to without (967 ± 52 vs. 997 ± 26 ms respectively, p = 0.0001), but were similar after correction (p = 0.57, residual difference 2 ± 27 ms). Artifact was visible in 4 ± 12, 42 ± 31, and 53 ± 27% of AHA segments in patients with ILRs, PPMs, and ICDs, respectively. In segments without artifact, T1 was underestimated by 63 ms (interquartile range: 7–143) per patient. The greatest error for patients with ILRs, PPMs and ICDs were 79, 146, and 191 ms, respectively. The presence of an AVR did not generate T1 error.Conclusion: Even when there is no visual artifact, there is error in T1 in patients with CIEDs, but not AVRs. Off-resonance field map acquisition can detect error in measured T1, and a correction can be applied to quantify T1 MOLLI accurately.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Estefania Oliveros, Yevgeniy Brailovsky, Paul Scully, Evgenia Nikolou, Ronak Rajani, Julia Grapsa
المصدر: Cardiac Failure Review, Vol 6, Iss , Pp - (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
الوصف: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a debilitating viral infection and, to date, 628,903 people have died from it, numbers that cannot yet be compared to the 50 million who died in the 1918 flu pandemic. As COVID-19 became better understood, cardiovascular manifestations associated with it were identified. This led to a complete healthcare restructuring with virtual clinics and changes to the triaging of critically ill patients. There are a lot of questions over how COVID-19 affects patients with heart failure (HF) as this condition is a leading cause of cardiovascular death. This review describes the cardiovascular implications of COVID-19 and new practices surrounding the use of telehealth to follow up and triage patients with HF. Current practices supported by medical societies, the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and, finally, a brief note regarding the management of advanced HF patients will also be discussed.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Anish Bhuva, Niro Nadarajan, Andrew D’Silva, Camilla Torlasco, Redha Boubertakh, Siana Jones, Paul Scully, Rachel Bastiaenen, Guy Lloyd, Sanjay Sharma, James Moon, Kim Parker, Charlotte Manisty, Alun Hughes
المصدر: Artery Research, Vol 24 (2018)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
الوصف: Background: Wave intensity analysis (WIA) in the aorta offers important clinical and mechanistic insights but is difficult non-invasively. We performed WIA by combining high temporal resolution cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) flow velocity and non-invasive central blood pressure (BP) waveform data. Method: 206 healthy volunteers (36 ± 11 years, 47% male) underwent sequential phase contrast CMR (Siemens Aera 1.5T, 1.97 x 1.77 mm2, ∼9 ms temporal resolution) and supra-systolic oscillometric central BP (Uscom Ltd BP+) measurement. Velocity (U) and central pressure (P) waveforms (200 Hz) were aligned using the wave foot, and local wave speed was calculated both from the P-U slope during early systole (c) and the sum of squares method (cSS) (Figure 1), and compared with CMR aortic arch pulse wave velocity (PWV) by transit time. Results: The peak intensity of the initial compression wave (dI+1), backward compression wave (dI-) and protodiastolic decompression wave (dI + 2) were 69.5 ± 28, −6.6 ± 4.2 and 6.2 ± 2.5 W/m2 respectively. PWV correlated with c or cSS (r = 0.60, and 0.68 respectively; bias −1.3 [limits of agreement: −3.8 to 1.2 m/s], and bias −0.64 [limits of agreement: −3.0 to 1.7 m/s] respectively), Figure 1. Conclusion: Wave intensity patterns and values are similar to those measured using invasive methods. Local wave speed showed good agreement with PWV. CMR and central blood pressure provides a novel non-invasive technique for performing wave intensity analysis and is feasible for large scale studies.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Caitlin O'Mahony, Paul Scully, David O'Mahony, Sharon Murphy, Frances O'Brien, Anne Lyons, Graham Sherlock, John MacSharry, Barry Kiely, Fergus Shanahan, Liam O'Mahony
المصدر: PLoS Pathogens, Vol 4, Iss 8, p e1000112 (2008)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
الوصف: Host defence against infection requires a range of innate and adaptive immune responses that may lead to tissue damage. Such immune-mediated pathologies can be controlled with appropriate T regulatory (Treg) activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of gut microbiota composition on Treg cellular activity and NF-kappaB activation associated with infection. Mice consumed the commensal microbe Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 followed by infection with Salmonella typhimurium or injection with LPS. In vivo NF-kappaB activation was quantified using biophotonic imaging. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell phenotypes and cytokine levels were assessed using flow cytometry while CD4+ T cells were isolated using magnetic beads for adoptive transfer to naïve animals. In vivo imaging revealed profound inhibition of infection and LPS induced NF-kappaB activity that preceded a reduction in S. typhimurium numbers and murine sickness behaviour scores in B. infantis-fed mice. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, T cell proliferation, and dendritic cell co-stimulatory molecule expression were significantly reduced. In contrast, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell numbers were significantly increased in the mucosa and spleen of mice fed B. infantis. Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+ T cells transferred the NF-kappaB inhibitory activity. Consumption of a single commensal micro-organism drives the generation and function of Treg cells which control excessive NF-kappaB activation in vivo. These cellular interactions provide the basis for a more complete understanding of the commensal-host-pathogen trilogue that contribute to host homeostatic mechanisms underpinning protection against aberrant activation of the innate immune system in response to a translocating pathogen or systemic LPS.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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المؤلفون: Susan Giblin, Niall Dalton, Paul Scully, Alison McCaffrey, Muiriosa Connolly, Orla Neylon, Clodagh O'Gorman
الوصف: Aims Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, lifelong condition. T1D incidence and prevalence rising globally. T1D management includes daily insulin regimens, blood glucose monitoring, nutrition management and physical activity (PA). PA plays a pertinent role in mitigating some of the adverse complications associated with T1D (e.g. cardiometabolic disease). Unfortunately, children with T1D often do not meet the minimum recommended requirements for sustaining a physically active lifestyle. Children with T1D face disease-specific barriers and facilitators to PA engagement. Healthcare professionals (HCP) working with children with T1D have an important role in supporting PA as a component of diabetes management. Within an Irish context, little is known about how HCPs’ perceive their role in the promotion of PA for children with T1D. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge, beliefs and experiences of HCPs’ provision PA education and support to parents and children with T1D. Methods Members (n = 16) of the multidisciplinary team working in the paediatric outpatient diabetes clinic were recruited. Participants included 6 nurses, non-consultant hospital doctors (6 SHOs, 3 registrars) and 1 dietician. Participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire to gather information about their knowledge, beliefs and experiences in providing PA education to children, adolescents and parents. Results The results show that HCPs do recognise the importance of PA for maintaining health and inform patients of the importance of regular PA, however, HCPs report limited confidence in providing PA education to certain sub-populations of individuals with T1D (e.g. ethnic groups, females, overweight or obese individuals and high-level athletes). Furthermore, HCPs report limited provision of information about important facets of PA that impact blood glucose regulation (e.g. intensity, duration and aerobic versus anaerobic activity). Conclusions Healthcare professionals recognised their role in helping children with T1D and their parents to incorporate physical activity into diabetes management and everyday life, but perceived barriers to the successful fulfilment of their role.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ce895fd1bc2a4bd8b97a72d07df7b19b
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2458376/v1 -
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المؤلفون: Nabin Sharma, Paul Scully-Power, Michael Blumenstein, Muhammed Saqib
المصدر: Humanity Driven AI ISBN: 9783030721879
Humanity Driven AIمصطلحات موضوعية: Business, Human safety, Environmental planning, Drone
الوصف: Unprovoked shark attacks are one of the major types of risks that threaten human’s lives in coast regions especially in tourist areas. Australia ranks behind only the USA in the number of unprovoked shark encounters with humans according to the International Shark Attack File of the University of Florida . The shark attacks not only threaten human’s lives and disrupt recreational beach activities, but also can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution in preventing shark attacks in many countries such as on Australian beaches, but they pose serious dangers to marine ecosystems. Artificial intelligence (AI) can assist to protect humans from shark attacks without the use of shark nets. We have developed a system called SharkSpotter. It combines AI, computing power and drone technology to identify and alert lifesavers to sharks near humans in the water. The SharkSpotter system receives streaming imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once valid objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers and swimmers. If a shark is detected, the SharkSpotter provides both a visual indication on the computer screen and an audible alert to the operator. The operator verifies the alert and sends text messages from the SharkSpotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. The success of SharkSpotter demonstrates that AI can assist humans to not only monitor safety issues effectively and more accurately with a cost-effective way, but also benefit the marine environment protection for more friendly marine ecosystems. It shows that AI is not replacing humans, but working with humans together as a partnership to get the work done in a better way. Such partnership provides an applicable solution for the balance between the human safety and the environment protection, which ultimately benefits the harmonious relationships between humans and our Earth including the marine ecosystems.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9464d0d8d3548991fd0e3fabb4fa9268
https://hdl.handle.net/10453/167325 -
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المؤلفون: Olabisi Owoeye, David J. Browne, Paul Scully, John L. Waddington, Tara Kingston, Anthony Kinsella, Vincent Russell, Eadbhard O'Callaghan, Patrizia A. Baldwin, Nnamdi Nkire
المصدر: European Neuropsychopharmacology. 47:20-30
مصطلحات موضوعية: congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychosis, Time Factors, Neurology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, First episode psychosis, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Psychopathology, business.industry, Neuropsychology, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, dup, Quality of Life, Schizophrenia, Population study, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: This study systematically compared duration of untreated illness (DUI) with duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in prediction of impairment at first-episode psychosis and investigated the extent to which these relationships are influenced by premorbid features. The Cavan-Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study ascertained cases of first-episode psychosis in rural Ireland via all routes to care with limited variations in socioeconomic milieu. Cases were evaluated for DUI and DUP and assessed clinically for psychopathology, neuropsychology, neurology, insight and quality of life, together with premorbid features. Analyses then determined prediction of clinical assessments by DUI versus DUP. The study population consisted of 163 cases of first episode psychosis, among which 74 had a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Shorter DUI but not DUP predicted less severe positive and general symptoms, while shorter DUP and particularly DUI predicted less severe negative symptoms; neither shorter DUP nor shorter DUI predicted less severe cognitive impairment or fewer neurological soft signs; shorter DUP and DUI predicted increased quality of life; shorter DUI but not DUP predicted greater insight. Only prediction of quality of life was weakened by consideration of premorbid features. Results were generally similar across the two diagnostic groupings. The present findings systematically delineate associations with DUI versus DUP across domains of impairment in first episode psychosis. They suggest that DUI may reflect a more insidious process than DUP and that reduction in DUI may be associated with more consistent and broader diminutions in impairment than for DUP.
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المؤلفون: Carolina Donà, George Thornton, Francesca Pugliese, James C. Moon, Simon Kennon, Marianna Fontana, Julia Mascherbauer, Philip N. Hawkins, Muhiddin Ozkor, Andreas A. Kammerlander, Guy Lloyd, James D. Newton, Nikant Sabharwal, Thomas A. Treibel, Tim Wollenweber, Andrew Kelion, Christian Nitsche, Paul Scully, Michael J. Mullen, Leon Menezes, Matthias Koschutnik, Kush Patel, Nida Ahmed
المصدر: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 77:128-139
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Diastole, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Valve replacement, Internal medicine, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Radionuclide Imaging, Ventricular remodeling, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Troponin T, business.industry, Amyloidosis, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Right bundle branch block, medicine.disease, United States, Stenosis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Austria, Concomitant, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
الوصف: Background Older patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) are increasingly identified as having cardiac amyloidosis (CA). It is unknown whether concomitant AS-CA has worse outcomes or results in futility of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Objectives This study identified clinical characteristics and outcomes of AS-CA compared with lone AS. Methods Patients who were referred for TAVR at 3 international sites underwent blinded research core laboratory 99mtechnetium-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (DPD) bone scintigraphy (Perugini grade 0: negative; grades 1 to 3: increasingly positive) before intervention. Transthyretin-CA (ATTR) was diagnosed by DPD and absence of a clonal immunoglobulin, and light-chain CA (AL) was diagnosed via tissue biopsy. National registries captured all-cause mortality. Results A total of 407 patients (age 83.4 ± 6.5 years; 49.8% men) were recruited. DPD was positive in 48 patients (11.8%; grade 1: 3.9% [n = 16]; grade 2/3: 7.9% [n = 32]). AL was diagnosed in 1 patient with grade 1. Patients with grade 2/3 had worse functional capacity, biomarkers (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and/or high-sensitivity troponin T), and biventricular remodeling. A clinical score (RAISE) that used left ventricular remodeling (hypertrophy/diastolic dysfunction), age, injury (high-sensitivity troponin T), systemic involvement, and electrical abnormalities (right bundle branch block/low voltages) was developed to predict the presence of AS-CA (area under the curve: 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.78 to 0.94; p Conclusions Concomitant pathology of AS-CA is common in older patients with AS and can be predicted clinically. AS-CA has worse clinical presentation and a trend toward worse prognosis, unless treated. Therefore, TAVR should not be withheld in AS-CA.
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