المؤلفون: Simona Sciuto, Silvia Colussi, Giuseppe Esposito, Arianna Meletiadis, Marino Prearo, Elisabetta Pizzul, Pier Luigi Acutis, Rodolphe Elie Gozlan, Paolo Pastorino

المصدر: Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 51, Iss , Pp e02867- (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Conservation genetics, Principle of the 3Rs, DNA long-term storage, Aquatic species, Biobank, Ecology, QH540-549.5

الوصف: Conservation genetic research is essential for the management and recovery of endangered taxa. However, the invasive collection of biological material for DNA analysis is controversial. From an ethical perspective, non-destructive sampling methods leave the aquatic specimen alive and less invasive procedures minimize stress on the animals. DNA can be obtained from fish using minimally invasive techniques such as buccal swabs. Here we evaluated the performance of buccal swabs for long-term storage of DNA obtained from brown trout (Salmo trutta). The buccal swabs were stored at room temperature and cut into pieces, one part of which was used for extraction of an aliquot and the others were stored as a “biobank” of biological material. The elapsed time from sampling to molecular analysis was one and half year. The amplification of three different DNA targets was tested to assess the effectiveness of the extraction: mitochondrial DNA (the D-LOOP region), nuclear DNA (the LDH gene) and microsatellite DNA at multiple loci. The results showed high quantification (mean value: 281.84±72.4 ng/µL), indicating that DNA could be effectively extracted from the buccal swabs. Our study results suggest that buccal swabs for long-term storage of DNA at room temperature are promising for use in field conservation studies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989424000714; https://doaj.org/toc/2351-9894

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/48a77a26d26a46699904563de2d5faad

المؤلفون: Arianna Meletiadis, Angelo Romano, Barbara Moroni, Matteo Riccardo Di Nicola, Vittoria Montemurro, Monica Pitti, Marzia Pezzolato, Elena Bozzetta, Simona Sciuto, Pier Luigi Acutis

المصدر: Animals, Vol 14, Iss 12, p 1722 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: reptiles, Salmonella, reptile-associated salmonellosis, RAS, exotic animals, S. Midway, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Zoology, QL1-991

الوصف: Reptiles are usually asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella, with the manifestation of typical clinical signs of acute forms in adult and non-immunocompromised animals being considered exceptions. In the present case, an adult male corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) was found dead due to septic shock 48 h after consuming a feeder mouse purchased online. The snake’s tissue samples and faeces were cultured for bacteria isolation. Microbiological examinations of the snake and mouse livers revealed the presence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Midway. A whole-genome analysis of these two isolates showed a high correlation between them: they belonged to the strain type ST-357 for the classic MLST scheme and to the strain type ST 171322 for the cgMLST scheme. Also, a virulence gene analysis revealed the presence of stdB and STM3026 genes. This report conveys a case of food-borne salmonellosis in a pet snake, transmitted from a feeder mouse, likely responsible for the snake’s death due to septic shock. It highlights the relevance of feeder mice as a source of Salmonella infections in snakes and the associated risks to human health.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/12/1722; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/00bf373b75a442e1b577c73770df5cbd

المؤلفون: Simona Sciuto, Donatella Volpatti, Giuseppe Esposito, Paolo Pastorino, Sarker Mohammed Ibrahim Khalil, Nadia Stoppani, Giovanna Esposito, Marino Prearo, Alice Gabetti, Alessandra Maganza, Lucio Fariano, Vittoria Montemurro, Elena Bozzetta, Pier Luigi Acutis, Silvia Colussi

المصدر: Aquaculture Reports, Vol 33, Iss , Pp 101862- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Aquaculture, Infectious disease, SCiO miniaturized technology, Non-invasive tool, Diagnostic tool, In situ analysis, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691

الوصف: Lactococcosis, mainly sustained by the warm-water bacterium Lactococcus garvieae, is a disease associated with evident mortalities and economic lossed. Main disease signs are commonly bilateral exophthalmia, hyperpigmentation in the body, haemorrhages around the eye area, opercula, and mouth region, swollen abdomen, and anal prolapse. An effective monitoring system of fish diseases relies on rapid techniques for the timely management of infection outbreaks. We evaluated the potential of the SCiO sensor, a portable near infrared spectroscope, to assess in field the health status of rainbow trout. The study sample was composed of 20 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic rainbow trout obtained from an aquaculture farm and submitted to molecular detection of L. garvieae and SCiO examination. In order to detect presence or absence of septicaemia condition, blood smears were prepared from peripheral blood. Part of the symptomatic individuals (9/20) showed septicaemia, whereas no bacteria were found in the asymptomatic individuals. PCR assay of bacterial DNA was positive in spleen and kidney of 19/20 symptomatic and in 1/20 asymptomatic individuals. Bacteriological analysis revealed L. garvieae in 18/20 symptomatic samples and in 2/20 asymptomatic samples. The SCiO sensor was found to be able to discriminate between healthy and sick fish [sensibility 0.95 (0.75–1.00 I.C. 95%), specificity 0.80 (0.56–0.94 I.C. 95%)]. By virtue of rapid acquisition, low cost and use on site, the SCiO was considered as a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring L. garvieae infection in rainbow trout.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513423004015; https://doaj.org/toc/2352-5134

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/394c7188dae34741b82aeea952e395e7

المؤلفون: Fabio Bondavalli, Silvia Colussi, Paolo Pastorino, Anna Zanoli, Tabata Bezzo Llufrio, José Francisco Fernández-Garayzábal, Pier Luigi Acutis, Marino Prearo

المصدر: Fishes, Vol 9, Iss 4, p 117 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: antibiotic resistance, ITS, hemolysin 2, Streptococcaceae, Lactococcus petauri, Lepomis gibbosus, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Genetics, QH426-470

الوصف: Lactococcus petauri has emerged as a pathogen affecting farmed fish. In this case report, L. petauri was isolated from Lepomis gibbosus captured in Lake Candia, located in Piedmont, Northwestern Italy. Initially identified as L. garvieae using conventional methods like RAPID 32 ID STREP and MALDI-TOF, molecular analysis based on sequencing of the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) confirmed it as L. petauri. The study also assessed the isolated strain’s pathogenicity by examining hemolysin and capsule cluster genes, revealing only hemolysin 2 amplicon; notably, the fish exhibited no lesions or pathological alterations. The L. petauri strain from this study displayed resistance to several antibiotics, being sensitive only to ampicillin, amoxicillin, florfenicol, and G-penicillin. This research provides new insights into host range of L. petauri and raises awareness of potential public health implications, particularly concerning zoonotic potential.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/4/117; https://doaj.org/toc/2410-3888

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/b196d21383d1491188fbee314688688b

المؤلفون: Emanuele Carella, Francesca Oberto, Angelo Romano, Simone Peletto, Nicoletta Vitale, Annalisa Costa, Claudio Caruso, Laura Chiavacci, Pier Luigi Acutis, Ledi Pite, Loretta Masoero

المصدر: BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hepatitis E virus, ELISA, Real-time RT-PCR, Abattoir, Swine, Muscles, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Abstract Background Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is recently considered an emerging public health concern. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are widely distributed and pathogenic only for humans. In contrast, HEV, genotypes 3 and 4 are observed in swine, deer, wild boars and rabbits and can also be transmitted to humans. The presence of HEV in the liver, muscle, faeces, blood, and bile was detected by real-time RT-PCR in 156 pigs belonging to twenty different farms, ranging from 1 to 8 months of age. The phylogenetic analysis was performed on the viral strain present in the positive biological matrix, with the lowest Ct. HEV-IgG and HEV-IgM in the sera were analysed by two different ELISA kits. Results Twenty-one pigs, i.e., 13.46% of them (21/156, 95% CI: 8.53%-19.84%), tested positive for HEV in at least one biological matrix by real-time RT-PCR, while phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of HEV subtypes 3f and 3c. Pig serums analysed by ELISA showed an overall prevalence of 26.92% (42/156, 95% CI: 20.14%-34.60%) for HEV-IgG, whereas the 28.95% (33/114, 95% CI: 20.84%-38.19%) of them tested negative resulted positive for the HEV-IgM. Conclusions The faeces are the biological matrix with the highest probability of detecting HEV. The best concordance value (Kappa Kohen index) and the highest positive correlation (Phi index) were observed for the correlation between bile and liver, even when the number of positive liver samples was lower than the positive bile samples. This finding may suggest that a higher probability of HEV occurs in the bile, when the virus is present in the liver, during the stages of infection. Finally, the presence of HEV in muscle was observed in 11 pigs, usually used for the preparation of some dishes, typical of the Italian tradition, based on raw or undercooked meat. Therefore, their consumption is a possible source of infection for final consumer.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1746-6148

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/df18f2a8354e4b2d9fab027d817d2af1

المؤلفون: Simona Perga, Cristina Biolatti, Isabella Martini, Francesco Rossi, Alfredo Benso, Pier Luigi Acutis, Alessandro Bagnato, Domenico Cognata, Piero Caroggio, Simone Peletto, Paola Modesto

المصدر: Foods, Vol 12, Iss 22, p 4131 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: genetic traceability, dairy products, STR, Chemical technology, TP1-1185

الوصف: The increasing number of food frauds, mainly targeting high quality products, is a rising concern among producers and authorities appointed to food controls. Therefore, the development or implementation of methods to reveal frauds is desired. The genetic traceability of traditional or high-quality dairy products (i.e., products of protected designation of origin, PDO) represents a challenging issue due to the technical problems that arise. The aim of the study was to set up a genetic tool for the origin traceability of dairy products. We investigated the use of Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) to assign milk and cheese to the corresponding producer. Two farms were included in the study, and the blood of the cows, bulk milk, and derived cheese were sampled monthly for one year. Twenty STRs were selected and Polymerase Chain Reactions for each locus were carried out. The results showed that bulk milk and derived cheese express an STR profile composed of a subset of STRs of the lactating animals. A bioinformatics tool was used for the exclusion analysis. The study allowed the identification of a panel of 20 markers useful for the traceability of milk and cheeses, and its effectiveness in the traceability of dairy products obtained from small producers was demonstrated.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/22/4131; https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/3a78f0b0bdb24029b8264256af3b51d6

المؤلفون: Silvia Colussi, Paolo Pastorino, Marino Prearo, Simona Sciuto, Fabio Bondavalli, Pier Luigi Acutis, Elena Bozzetta, Francesco Amisano, Angelo Salerno

المصدر: Microorganisms, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 2583 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Lactococcus garvieae, urinary tract infection, lactococcosis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Lactococcus petauri is a recently described species of the genus Lactococcus. It was reported as an etiological agent of piscine lactococcosis together with Lactococcus garvieae. L. garvieae was already described as an opportunistic pathogen in human infections, with a potential zoonotic role. This paper represents the first report of a human urinary tract infection caused by L. petauri. A 91-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department for a femur fracture consequent to a domestic accident. The fracture was reduced by surgery and a catheterized specimen urine culture revealed a high bacterial load sustained by Gram-positive cocci, identified by Vitek 2 compact as L. garvieae, and subsequently as L. petauri through Internal Transcribed spacer 16S-23S r-RNA amplification. The number of L. petauri infections in humans is expected to rise in the near future mainly due to diagnostic improvement. A dedicated survey on L. garvieae and L. petauri infections in humans should be performed to better understand their role as pathogens and as zoonotic agents.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2583; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/b9534b5fa2984742930597e43c5dbcc5

المؤلفون: Lorella Maniscalco, Pier Luigi Acutis, Cristina Biolatti, Daniele R Laguardia, Alessia Di Blasio, Alessandro Dondo, Elena Bozzetta, Katia Varello

المصدر: Veterinaria Italiana, Vol 58, Iss 4 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: tiger, zoo, renal cell carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry, PAX8, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: A 12‑year‑old intact male Panthera tigris presented with pain and weight loss was euthanatized. Necroscopical examination revealed a neoplastic mass expanding to the left renal pelvis with metastatic dissemination to local lymph node, adrenal gland, and lung. Immunohistochemical characterization was performed revealing co‑expression of both cytokeratin and vimentin and negativity for both PAX8 and c‑KIT. Considering histochemical and immunohistochemical results the tumour was classified as renal cell carcinoma with metastatic spread. This report provides insights into the morphological and immunohistochemical features of renal cell carcinoma in Panthera tigris.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.veterinariaitaliana.izs.it/index.php/VetIt/article/view/2475; https://doaj.org/toc/0505-401X; https://doaj.org/toc/1828-1427

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/9249b2096eea41c584807027b4813967

المؤلفون: Alessandra Favole, Maria Mazza, Antonio D’Angelo, Guerino Lombardi, Claudia Palmitessa, Luana Dell’Atti, Giulia Cagnotti, Elena Berrone, Marina Gallo, Tiziana Avanzato, Erika Messana, Loretta Masoero, Pier Luigi Acutis, Daniela Meloni, Franco Cardone, Maria Caramelli, Cristina Casalone, Cristiano Corona

المصدر: BMC Research Notes, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Prion, L-BSE, RT-QuIC, Goat, Oral transmission, PrPsc, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Science (General), Q1-390

الوصف: Abstract Objective The spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent to small ruminants is still a major issue in the surveillance of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). L-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (L-BSE) is an atypical form of BSE with an unknown zoonotic potential that is transmissible to cattle and small ruminants. Our current knowledge of bovine atypical prion strains in sheep and goat relies only on experimental transmission studies by intracranial inoculation. To assess oral susceptibility of goats to L-BSE, we orally inoculated five goats with cattle L-BSE brain homogenates and investigated pathogenic prion protein (PrPsc) distribution by an ultrasensitive in vitro conversion assay known as Real-Time Quaking Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC). Results Despite a prolonged observation period of 80 months, all these animals and the uninfected controls did not develop clinical signs referable to TSEs and tested negative by standard diagnostics. Otherwise, RT-QuIC analysis showed seeding activity in five out of five examined brain samples. PrPsc accumulation was also detected in spinal cord and lymphoreticular system. These results indicate that caprine species are susceptible to L-BSE by oral transmission and that ultrasensitive prion tests deserve consideration to improve the potential of current surveillance systems against otherwise undetectable forms of animal prion infections.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1756-0500

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/9c45a9e6b87644dca6b75f7067484701

المؤلفون: Davide Mugetti, Paolo Pastorino, Chiara Beltramo, Tania Audino, Alessandra Arillo, Giuseppe Esposito, Marino Prearo, Marco Bertoli, Elisabetta Pizzul, Elena Bozzetta, Pier Luigi Acutis, Simone Peletto

المصدر: Microorganisms, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 1636 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: intestinal microbiota, salmonids, brook trout, next generation sequencing, 16S rRNA, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: The gut microbiota has become a topic of increasing importance in various fields, including aquaculture. Several fish species have been the subject of investigations concerning the intestinal microbiota, which have compared different variables, including the intestinal portions, the environment, and diet. In this study, the microbiota of farmed and wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were analyzed, in which the wall and content of the medial portion of the intestine were considered separately. A total of 66 fish (age class 2+) were sampled, of which 46 were wild and 20 were farmed brook trout, in two different years. Microbiota data were obtained using a 16S metabarcoding approach by analyzing the V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the corresponding 16S rRNA. The data showed that the core microbiota of these species consist of Proteobacteria (Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria), Actinobacteria, Firmicutes (Bacilli and Clostridia), and, only for farmed animals, Fusobacteria. The latter taxon’s presence is likely related to the fishmeal-based diet administered to farmed brook trout. Indeed, alpha and beta diversity analysis showed differences between wild and farmed fish. Finally, statistically significant differences in the microbiota composition were observed between the intestinal walls and contents of wild fish, while no differences were detected in reared animals. Our work represents the first study on the intestinal microbiota of brook trout with respect to both farmed and wild specimens. Future studies might focus on the comparison of our data with those pertaining to other fish species and on the study of other portions of the brook trout intestine.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1636; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/5bc573e039a843b5a1b4d6e0cc869681