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1
المؤلفون: Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
المصدر: The Journal of law, medicineethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, MedicineEthics. 38(3)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Civil society, Drug Industry, Anti-HIV Agents, International Cooperation, Philippines, Developing country, HIV Infections, Intellectual property, 0603 philosophy, ethics and religion, World Health Organization, Health Services Accessibility, Patents as Topic, 03 medical and health sciences, Politics, 0302 clinical medicine, TRIPS Agreement, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sociology, Developing Countries, Government, business.industry, Health Policy, Commerce, 06 humanities and the arts, General Medicine, Public relations, Thailand, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, Law, TRIPS architecture, Survey data collection, 060301 applied ethics, business, Drugs, Essential, Brazil
الوصف: "Access to medicines" is a broad concept. After a review of three authoritative frameworks that help to identify its constitutive components, this essay summarizes the actual situation on the ground in low- and middle-income countries on the basis of recent empirical work. An analysis of survey data from 36 countries concluded that developing countries should promote generic medicines as a key policy option for improving access to medicines. Taking an international perspective to that recommendation, this essay reviews the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and, particularly, how this agreement has been applied in practice. As shown by the experience of Thailand, Brazil, and the Philippines, in order to deal effectively with international pressures for an excessive application of the TRIPS Agreement, some sort of conversion experience appears to be required, which then leads to a switch from a private enterprise, supply-driven approach to a public health vision that insists on universal and affordable access. But moral conviction is not sufficient. In order to muster and sustain the political will to face down international forces, civil society and government offices must be able and ready to show the costs and other adverse consequences of the TRIPS-based model for medicines. This calculation needs to reach beyond the health sector and calls for new alliances, nationally as well as internationally.
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2
المؤلفون: Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
المصدر: Health affairs (Project Hope). 29(2)
مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Ethical issues, Health Policy, Developed Countries, Financing, Organized, HIV Infections, medicine.disease, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Family medicine, medicine, Financial Support, Humans, Psychology, Socioeconomics
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3
المؤلفون: Lance Gable, Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck, Lawrence O. Gostin, Katharina Gamharter, James G. Hodge
المصدر: SSRN Electronic Journal.
مصطلحات موضوعية: Law reform, Economic growth, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Public health, Public relations, Partner notification, medicine.disease, humanities, Men who have sex with men, Variety (cybernetics), Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Statutory law, Political science, medicine, Comparative law, business, health care economics and organizations
الوصف: This book provides a wide-ranging assessment of laws and policies that impact HIV and AIDS. It shows how laws and regulations can either underpin or undermine good public health programs and responsible personal behaviors. Spanning 65 distinct legal topics, the authors demonstrate the scope and breadth of laws through a comparative law analysis. The book begins with a long section on public health laws, covering efforts to track the spread of the disease through testing and screening for HIV infections and AIDS; to deter transmission through prevention, prophylaxis, and partner notification; and to assist those infected through treatment. Next the authors address legal protection against discrimination across multiple areas of society including work, education, and health services. Subsequent chapters cover a variety of relevant topics including disclosure of HIV status, clinical research, access to information, and access to medicines. The legal issues facing several at-risk populations are specifically addressed in discrete chapters on women, children, men who have sex with men, sex workers, and injecting drug users. The Guide is intended to be of practical use for legal reform to support effective action against HIV/AIDS. We seek to alert those working on AIDS strategies and projects to opportunities for legal and policy reform and to provide them with tools to tackle the job effectively. To achieve this, we adopted the following format for each topic: first, we identify the specific issue or issues raised by the topic, and we follow that with a discussion of the pertinent legal and policy considerations. Then we give at least one good practice example (often providing actual statutory language), and follow that up with a list of key references.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::311cdf6ff954029c2dad23403e94a633
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1168786 -
4
المؤلفون: Frederick M. Abbott, Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
المصدر: World Bank Working Papers ISBN: 9780821362921
الوصف: The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health recognized that developing countries with insufficient, or no manufacturing capacity in the pharmaceutical sector could face difficulties in making effective use of compulsory licensing under the TRIPS Agreement. The World Health Organization's (WTO) decision of August 30, 2003 set up a system intended to overcome these difficulties. The present work is a guide to the implementation of that system. The first part gives the reader an understanding of the issues involved; the second part provides model documents for use by governments. Four model instruments of notification are included: three for notification of the WTO as required by the Decision, and one for notification of the patent or right holder pursuant to Article 31 of the TRIPS Agreement. Because most countries will have to amend their legislation (typically their patent law) to implement the system, model amendment provisions have been provided both for exporting countries, and for importing countries. All model documents contain their own detailed commentary.
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5
المؤلفون: Frederick M. Abbott, Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
المصدر: SSRN Electronic Journal.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::7696dbefbc0f2e3173d770d295c325ea
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1913854 -
6
المؤلفون: Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
المصدر: Conflict and cooperation on South Asia ' s international rivers
مصطلحات موضوعية: Economic growth, Geography, South asia
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::3b4e7ba23ce0c5e024f6fb5a039e1455
https://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-5352-7 -
7
المؤلفون: Lance Gable, Katharina Gamharter, Lawrence O. Gostin, James G. Hodge Jr., Rudolf V. Van Puymbroeck
مصطلحات موضوعية: Health, Nutrition and Population - HIV AIDS Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Health Monitoring and Evaluation Disease Control and Prevention Gender - Gender and Health Health, Nutrition and Population, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING
الوصف: This guide to the legal aspects of the pandemic will help enhance the World Bank institution's contribution in support for the global response to HIV in several areas, including strengthening national strategies, accelerating implementation, and generating and sharing knowledge. The guide covers 65 wide-ranging topics in a concise, accessible format, explaining how laws and regulations can either underpin or undermine public health programs and responsible personal behavior. For each topic, the guide summarizes the key legal or policy issues, provides relevant practice examples (citing actual laws and regulations), and offers a selective list of references that may be consulted for more information. This guide creates a supportive legal framework for responding to HIV/AIDS, it is important that governments effectively address gaps and other problematic aspects in their legislation and regulatory systems.
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::14ca46fed81994364bfd0ac37821084d
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/6754/409260PAPER0Le101OFFICIAL0USE0ONLY1.pdf?sequence=1 -
8مورد إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Abbott, Frederick M.; Van Puymbroeck, Rudolf V.
المصدر: 2012
مستخلص: The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health recognized that developing countries with insufficient, or no manufacturing capacity in the pharmaceutical sector could face difficulties in making effective use of compulsory licensing under the TRIPS Agreement. The World Health Organization's (WTO) decision of August 30, 2003 set up a system intended to overcome these difficulties. The present work is a guide to the implementation of that system. The first part gives the reader an understanding of the issues involved; the second part provides model documents for use by governments. Four model instruments of notification are included: three for notification of the WTO as required by the Decision, and one for notification of the patent or right holder pursuant to Article 31 of the TRIPS Agreement. Because most countries will have to amend their legislation (typically their patent law) to implement the system, model amendment provisions have been provided both for exporting countries, and for importing countries. All model documents contain their own detailed commentary
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9مورد إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Gable, Lance; Gamharter, Katharina; Gostin, Lawrence O.
المساهمون: Hodge, James G. Jr. (Sonstige beteiligte Personen); Van Puymbroeck, Rudolf V. (Sonstige beteiligte Personen)
المصدر: 2012
مستخلص: This guide to the legal aspects of the pandemic will help enhance the World Bank institution's contribution in support for the global response to HIV in several areas, including strengthening national strategies, accelerating implementation, and generating and sharing knowledge. The guide covers 65 wide-ranging topics in a concise, accessible format, explaining how laws and regulations can either underpin or undermine public health programs and responsible personal behavior. For each topic, the guide summarizes the key legal or policy issues, provides relevant practice examples (citing actual laws and regulations), and offers a selective list of references that may be consulted for more information. This guide creates a supportive legal framework for responding to HIV/AIDS, it is important that governments effectively address gaps and other problematic aspects in their legislation and regulatory systems
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10كتاب
المؤلفون: Abbott, Frederick M.
المساهمون: Van Puymbroeck, Rudolf V. (Sonstige beteiligte Personen)
المصدر: 2005
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